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期刊名称：BIOLOGY LETTERS ISSN： 1744-9561 出版频率： Monthly 出版社： ROYAL SOC, 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON, ENGLAND, SW1Y 5AG   出版社网址： http://royalsocietypublishing.org/ 期刊网址： http://rsbl.royalsocietypublishing.org/ 影响因子： 3.703 主题范畴： BIOLOGY;    ECOLOGY;    EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY 期刊简介(About the journal)    投稿须知(Instructions to Authors)    编辑部信息(Editorial Board)    About the journal Aims & scope Launched as an independent journal in 2005 Biology Letters is a primarily online, peer-reviewed journal that publishes short, high-quality articles from across the biological sciences. The scope of Biology Letters is vast ?publishing high-quality research in any area of the biological sciences. However, we have particular strengths in the biology, evolution and ecology of whole organisms. Articles submitted to Biology Letters benefit from its broad scope and readership, dedicated media promotion and a turnaround time of 6 weeks to first decision. The journal is particularly suited to research that requires high visibility due to its cross-disciplinary nature or novel findings Instructions to Authors Style and policy guide Format requirements Article structure References Tables Figure labels Figure permissions Colour Figures Manuscript Central Spelling Units and abbreviations Electronic supplementary material Comments and replies Policy on animal testing Authorship Access to data policy TopFormat requirements Papers submitted to Biology Letters should be no longer than 2500 words.  This includes cover page, references, acknowledgements and figure/table legends.   The word count is strictly enforced.   We encourage submission of your paper as a text file (eg .doc).  Figures should be uploaded separately with legends included in the main text file.   We allow a maximum of 4 displays, only 2 of which can be figures.   While we do not publish formal reviews, we welcome submissions of formal comparative analyses and formal meta-analyses of topics within the scope of Biology Letters. Both types of syntheses can often be presented succinctly without lessening their impact. Raw data for these formal analyses along with detailed analytical methods should be placed in electronic supplementary material. TopArticle structure An article typically consists of the following:   Title Authors' names and full addresses where the work was carried out, plus email address of corresponding author. (In addition to providing the addresses where the work was carried out, the current addresses, where different, should be given.) Summary (maximum 200 words) Keywords (3-6) Introduction Material and Methods section (in small type) Results section Discussion section Acknowledgements References Place any figure captions or tables at the end of the typescript Short title (for page headings)   Please note that footnotes are not used.   When uploading your article, we will ask for suggested referees and your preferred board member. TopReferences All references to the literature cited should be given in alphabetical order at the end of the article, and each reference should contain some or all of the following elements:   Author surnames with initials (up to 10 before et al is used) Year of publication Title of paper (roman) or book (italic) Journal name (italic), using standard abbreviation Volume number (bold) First and last page numbers DOI   Note that for a book, the edition, the chapter(s) and its/ their page range(s), the editor(s), the place of publication (if it is not obvious) and the name of the publisher should be given, for instance:   Falconer, D. S. 1981 Introduction to quantitative genetics, 2nd edn. London: Longman. Falkenmark, M. 1993 Landscape as life support provider: water-related limitations. In Population-the complex reality (ed. F. Graham-Smith), pp. 103-116. London: The Royal Society. Nilsson, L. A. 1988 The evolution of flowers with deep corolla tubes. Nature 334, 147-149.   References in the text are listed according to the Harvard style (not by number), ie by giving the names of authors and the date of publication, for instance:   This action has been described frequently elsewhere (Brown 1974; Clarke 1974; Clarke & King 1974).   Authors are encouraged to quote digital object identifiers (DOIs) - standardized article reference codes - where known, in addition to providing full citations, for instance:   Worden, B. D. & Papaj, D. R. 2005 Flower choice copying in bumblebees. Biol. Lett. 1, 504-507. (DOI 10.1098/rsbl.2005.0368)   The DOI is a unique electronic tag applied by certain publishers (and online databases, such as CrossRef) to their published papers. DOI hotlinks take a reader directly from the paper they are reading to the abstract of the paper they have selected.  For more information, please see the DOI homepage: www.doi.org TopTables Tables, however small, should be numbered and referred to in the text by their numbers.   Table captions should be brief, with descriptions of experimental detail given directly beneath, in parentheses.   Column headings should, wherever possible, be in lower-case type, and the units of measurement and any numerical factors should be placed at the head of each column.   Units should be contained within parentheses, eg distance (cm). TopFigure labels  Labels should be added to the original drawings before submission using lower-case lettering (Times Roman font) wherever possible.   Labels should be brief, eg (a), (b), and explained in the legend. Labels should be consistent, and close to 9 point at final size.   Mathematical symbols must follow the style of the text - variables should be distinguished from labels through italicization. Descriptions should be placed whenever possible in the captions and not on the figures themselves, although a key to symbols is often better placed within the body of a figure. TopFigure permissions Figures from other sources should be fully acknowledged in the caption, and written permission sought for both print and electronic reproduction before being used. TopColour Figures Colour costs are as follows: ?00 plus VAT (@17.5%) for 1-2 colour figures TopManuscript Central To Editorial Board Editor Professor Brian Charlesworth School of Biological Sciences University of Edinburgh   TopPublishing Editor Fiona Pring TopEditorial Board Dr Kathryn Arnold Division of Environmental and Evolutionary Biology University of Glasgow   Dr Phoebe Barnard Global Change Research Group Kirstenbosch Research Centre   Dr Joy Bergelson Department of Ecology and Evolution University of Chicago   Professor Andrew Biewener Concord Field Station Harvard University   Dr Daniel Blumstein Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California, Los Angeles   Dr Lindell Bromham School of Botany and Zoology Australian National University   Dr Rob Brooks School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences University of New South Wales   Professor Clive Catchpole School of Biological Sciences Royal Holloway, University of London   Professor Tom Cavalier-Smith Department of Zoology University of Oxford   Dr Tracey Chapman School of Biological Sciences University of East Anglia   Dr Phil Clapham Alaska Fisheries Science Center National Marine Mammal Laboratory   Professor Tim Clutton-Brock Department of Zoology University of Cambridge   Dr Tom Daniel Biology Department University of Washington   Professor Hans Ellegren Department of Evolutionary Biology Uppsala University   Professor Richard Fortey Department of Palaeontology The Natural History Museum, London   Dr Vernon French Institute of Cell, Animal and Population Biology University of Edinburgh   Professor Chris Frith Wellcome Department of Cognitive Neurology University College London   Professor Jacques Gauthier Division of Vertebrate Paleontology Yale University   Dr Daniel Haydon Division of Environmental and Evolutionary Biology University of Glasgow   Dr Joan Herbers Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology Ohio State University   Dr Toby Johnson Department of Statistics University of Leeds   Dr Lukas Keller Zoologisches Museum University of Zurich   Professor Thomas Kocher Hubbard Center for Genome Studies University of New Hampshire   Dr Alexey Kondrashov University of Michigan NIH   Professor Richard Lenski Microbiology and Molecular Genetics Michigan State University   Dr Alun Lloyd Department of Mathematics North Carolina State University   Professor Johanna Mappes Department of Biological and Environmental Science University of Jyväskyl?/P>   Dr Chris Margules Sustainable Ecosystems CSIRO   Dr Charles Nunn Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology   Dr Sarah Otto Department of Zoology University of British Columbia   Dr John Pannell Department of Plant Sciences University of Oxford   Dr Mark Rausher Department of Biology Duke University   Professor John Reynolds Department of Biological Sciences Simon Frazer University   Professor Mike Ritchie Department of Environmental and Evolutionary Biology University of St Andrews   Professor Paul Schmid-Hempel Department of Environmental Sciences, Ecology & Evolution ETH Zurich   Professor Richard Shine Department of Biological Sciences University of Sydney   Dr John Stachowicz Section of Evolution & Ecology University of California, Davis   Dr Wilfried Thuiller Traits Vegetaux et dynamique des ecosystemes alpins Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine