Footnotes to an author's name or address should be limited to those useful for location of, or communication with, an author. Footnotes giving electronic addresses (e.g., email, fax, or Web) of a corresponding author are encouraged. All information concerning research support should appear in the acknowledgments.
Separate tables (numbered in the order of their first appearance) should be used for all but the simplest tabular material; they must have captions, which should make the tables intelligible without reference to the text. The structure should be clear, with simple column headings giving all units.
The decision on whether results should be published in long tables depends on the precision of the data, i.e., whether they can be read accurately enough from a figure, and on how many readers are likely to use the numbers relative to the space needed in the journal. Material more extensive than is appropriate for the journal article, or of special types (e.g., multimedia, program files) may be deposited in the Electronic Physics Auxiliary Publication Service (EPAPS) of the American Institute of Physics; information regarding EPAPS is available on our Web server. If additional numerical data can be obtained from a data center, from the author, or from another source either as tables or on tape, indicate how and in what format they can be obtained.
Figures should be planned for the column width (8.6 cm or 3 3/8 in.) of the journal. If the detail shown requires it, 1.5 or 2 columns may be used. A note should be left on or with such figures. Final-journal-size originals or prints are preferable to oversized originals. Authors are encouraged to submit all figures electronically, even if the text of the manuscript is not submitted electronically; refer to the online instructions for more details. Figures submitted on paper should be of high quality and suitable for digital scanning, which is done at 600 or 1200 dpi depending on the level of detail; original ink drawings or glossy prints are acceptable. Be advised that the scanner reproduces all imperfections (e.g., correction fluid, tape, smudges, writing on the back of the figure, etc.). All figures must be prepared so that the details can be seen after reproduction. They must have a clear background and unbroken lines with as much black-white contrast as possible. The symbol width and lettering height on the journal page should be at least 2 mm. Avoid small open symbols that tend to fill in, small dots and decimal points, and shading or cross-hatching that is not coarse enough to withstand reproduction. Curves should be smooth; curves and lines should have consistent line widths of sufficient weight [final weight of at least 0.18 mm (0.5 point)]. The resolution of the drawing software and output device should be set as high as possible (preferably 600 dpi or higher).
Figures should be numbered in the order in which they are referred to in the text. They should be identified on the front (outside the image area) by the number, the name of the first author, and the journal. An indication, e.g., "TOP," of the intended orientation of a figure is helpful, especially in ambiguous cases. Each figure must have a caption that makes the figure intelligible without reference to the text; list captions on a separate sheet. Text should be placed in the caption, not on the figure. Groups of figures that share a (single) caption must be labeled "(a), (b)," etc. The figure itself should have properly labeled axes with correctly abbreviated units enclosed in parentheses. Use consistent lettering and style as in the body of the text (correct capitalization, unslashed zeros, proper exponential notation, superscripts and subscripts, decimal points instead of commas, etc.). Use the form R (10?Omega) not R?0?Omega. Use half spacing within compound units, not hyphens or periods. Avoid ambiguous usage of the solidus ("/"), e.g., (mb/MeV sr), not (mb/MeV/sr). When possible, integer numbers should be used on the axis scales of figures, e.g., 1, 2, 3, or 0, 5, 10, not 1.58, 3.16, 4.75. Decimal points must be on the line (not above it); do not use commas instead. Use the same number of digits to the right of the decimal point for all numbers on the axis scales. A number must be both before and behind the decimal point, e.g., 0.2, not .2. For complete instructions see the Physical Review Style and Notation Guide or the AIP Style Manual. Avoid submitting prescreened prints of photographic material or laser-printed renditions of continuous-tone data; reproduction of such figures is seldom satisfactory and there is a risk of moir?patterns appearing in the final product. If PostScript files are not available, supply glossy or matte-finish photographs or laser prints at the highest resolution possible and in the final published size.
Some figures might be more effective in color. The cost of printing illustrations in color, which may be significant, must be borne in full by the respective authors and their institutions. In some cases, it may be feasible to have figures appear in color online but black and white in print, at no charge to the author. To utilize this option, illustrations should be provided in PostScript or Encapsulated PostScript format as part of an electronic manuscript submission. Authors will have the opportunity to review the color figures in the pdf proof of their article. Since the figures will not appear as color in print (unless the author has signed the appropriate color authorization form), authors must begin figure captions with "(Color online)" as an alert to readers of the print journal. Authors also have the responsibility to be sure that the figures are sufficiently clear in both the online color and print black and white versions, and that the captions and text refeences to the figures are appropriate for both versions. Note that the black and white figure in print will be derived from the color PostScript file.
If color is desired in the print version of the journal as well as in the online version, the author must complete the Color Figure Authorization Form available at http://publish.aps.org/infoauth.html or as part of the web submission process, indicating acceptance of the applicable charges. Pricing information may also be found from this site. The form may be completed as part of the submission process. It must be completed before production can begin on an editorially accepted paper that contains color for the print journal.
Authors who submit their manuscripts in hard copy and wish to have their color illustrations appear in color in the print journal should provide 35-mm slides or transparencies, or high-quality glossy prints, which should be close to the final size expected for publication. (Negatives are not acceptable.) Polaroid color prints should be avoided. Artwork must be flexible. If submitting slides, please note that they will be removed from their jackets for the color separator. In some cases, print requirements will prevent figures from being located in the most preferred position. To alert readers of monochrome reproductions of the article that the archive figure is in color, begin the caption with "(Color)" [or "(Color online)" if the figure is to be in color in the online version only]. When submitting electronic figures containing color, please be reminded that they will appear online in color (if the files are properly prepared) and in black and white in print, unless the signed color authorization form is submitted.
To aid the reviewers, provide color copies with each submitted manuscript copy. If a figure is not intended for printing in color, then only a black and white version and copies should be submitted, if making a hard copy submission.
In order to reproduce figures, tables, etc., from another journal, authors must show that they have complied with the requirements of the publisher of the other journal, possibly including written agreement of both publisher and author of the originally published work. (If the original journal is published by APS, only the written agreement of the original author is required to reproduce a few figures or tables.)
刊名字顺( Alphabetical List of Journals):
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