期刊名称：MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
 期刊简介(About the journal)
投稿须知(Instructions to Authors)
编辑部信息(Editorial Board)
About the journal
Materials Characterization
Materials Characterization features original articles, state-of-the-art reviews and short communications on theoretical and practical aspects of the structure and behaviour of materials.
The Journal focuses on all characterization techniques, including all forms of microscopy (light, electron, acoustic, etc.,) and analysis (especially microanalysis and surface analytical techniques). Developments in both this wide range of techniques and their application to the quantification of the microstructure of materials are essential facets of the Journal.
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This Journal provides the materials engineer with useful information on all types of materials; from metallic alloys, polymers, ceramics and composites to natural materials. At the same time, the interests of the materials scientist are catered for from the standpoint of the novelty of approach adopted and the underlying theme of explaining the behvaiour of materials. In terms of materials covered, the scope ranges from archaeological materials to the most recent ceramics, polymer composites and space age alloys. |
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Abstracting / Indexing
- ABI/Inform
- Applied Mechanics Reviews
- Chemical Abstracts
- Current Contents
- Engineering Information Abstracts
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- INSPEC
- Metals Abstracts
- Nuclear Science Abstracts
- Referativnyi Metallurgiya
- Science Citation Index
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Instructions to Authors
Submission of papers
The entire submission and review process for Materials Characterization is now handled electronically, which shortens publication times. All papers should be submitted electronically on our submission page:  http://ees.elsevier.com/materialschar.
Prior to submitting your paper, please follow the instructions on manuscript preparation given below. Please note that you must have an e-mail address to use the online submission system. Authors submit their article online by simply registering, logging-in, and submitting.
Detailed instructions on the use of the online submission system are available at http://ees.elsevier.com/materialschar. Please read the "Hints" for information on how to register, and review the "Tutorial for Authors" for a run-through of the submission process. If you need any further help, please do not hesitate to contact our Author Support Department: authorsupport@elsevier.com.
The system automatically converts source files to a single Adobe Acrobat PDF version of the article, which is used in the peer-review process. Please note that even though manuscript source files are converted to PDF at submission for the review process, these source files are needed for further processing after acceptance. All correspondence, including notification of the Editor's decision and requests for revision, takes place by e-mail and via the Author's homepage, removing the need for a hard-copy paper trail.
PLEASE NOTE:
- Figures should not be embedded in the text of the manuscript, but provided separately.
- Figures should be a minimum of 300 dpi at journal size (75mm x 50mm for a one-column figure).
As a guide for acceptable figure files, refer to the table:
| File Type |
Color |
Grayscale |
Line art |
| TIFF compression |
1,080 KB |
390 KB |
10 KB |
| TIFF uncompressed |
1,590 KB |
530 KB |
70 KB |
| Bitmap |
1,580 KB |
530 KB |
70 KB |
| JPEG Quality 12* |
500 KB |
280 KB |
Use grayscale |
| JPEG Quality 6** |
90 KB |
90 KB |
Use grayscale |
File sizes are based on a 3 inch (75mm) x 2 inch (50 mm) image at 300 dots per inch (DPI). The 300 DPI minimum should also be met for larger figures.
*Quality numbers refer to quality choices available in Photoshop. If you do not have Photoshop, KB values in the "Quality 12" row should be used for guidance.
**Graphs and bar-charts (for e.g.) should at least meet the "Quality 6" standard.
Please note, if your figures do not meet quality standards your manuscript will not be sent forth for review.
Please click the following link for more detailed information: Electronic Figure File Types .
Figure manipulation:
Whilst it is accepted that authors sometimes need to manipulate images for clarity, manipulation for purposes of deception or fraud will be seen as scientific ethical abuse and will be dealt with accordingly. For graphical images, this journal is applying the following policy: no specific feature within an image may be enhanced, obscured, moved, removed, or introduced. Adjustments of brightness, contrast, or color balance are acceptable if and as long as they do not obscure or eliminate any information present in the original. Nonlinear adjustments (e.g. changes to gamma settings) must be disclosed in the figure legend.
Types of contributions
Materials Characterization publishes original research articles, reviews (by invitation only), short communications, and letters to the editor. These will be reviewed by selected members of the Editorial staff and/or other experts in materials science.
Research Articles Most papers submitted to the journal are full-length research articles. These are typically reviewed by two reviewers in addition to the Editor assigned to the paper.
Short Communications
The goal for a Short Communication is rapid review and early publication. An Abstract is required, however, the text is not expected to be as detailed as a full-length article.
Letters to the Editor
Constructive criticism and comments on previously published articles is encouraged. They are limited to two published pages. These submissions will be given a technical review.
Corresponding author: Clearly indicate who is willing to handle correspondence at all stages of refereeing and publication, also post-publication. Ensure that telephone and fax numbers (with country and area code) are provided in addition to the e-mail address and the complete postal address. Full postal addresses must be given for all co-authors. In addition to e-mail address, the country of origin should be clearly shown on the Title/Abstract page. Please consult a recent journal paper for style if possible.
Policy on ethics: It is required that all authors adhere to the journal's standards and policies concerning ethics. Please read our Ethics Statement prior to submitting to the journal. Submission of an article implies that the work described has not been published previously (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture or academic thesis), that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication is approved by all authors and that, if accepted, it will not be published elsewhere in the same form, in English or in any other language, without the written consent of the Publisher.
Additional questions or concerns regarding preparation of a manuscript may be addressed to the Editor-in-Chief.
Detailed instructions on manuscript preparation and artwork instructions can be found below. The editor reserves the right to return manuscripts that do not conform to the instructions for manuscript preparation and artwork instruction, as well as papers that do not fit the scope of the journal, prior to refereeing.
Your manuscript will be assigned to one of the journal editors who will communicate directly with you.
Materials Characterization Editor Contact:
Prof. Ian Baker, Editor-in-Chief
Thayer School of Engineering
Dartmouth College
8000 Cummings Hall
Hanover, NH 03755
USA
Tel: +1 603-646-2184
Email: materials.characterization@dartmouth.edu
Ethics in Publishing
For information on Ethics in Publishing and Ethical guidelines for journal publication see http://www.elsevier.com/publishingethics and http://www.elsevier.com/ethicalguidelines.
Conflict of interest
All authors are requested to disclose any actual or potential conflict of interest including any financial, personal or other relationships with other people or organizations within three years of beginning the submitted work that could inappropriately influence, or be perceived to influence, their work. See also http://www.elsevier.com/conflictsofinterest.
Submission declaration and verification
Submission of an article implies that the work described has not been published previously (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture or academic thesis), that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication is approved by all authors and tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities where the work was carried out, and that, if accepted, it will not be published elsewhere in the same form, in English or in any other language, including electronically without the written consent of the copyright-holder. To verify originality, your article may be checked by the originality detection software iThenticate. See also http://www.elsevier.com/editors/plagdetect.
Contributors
Each author is required to declare his or her individual contribution to the article: all authors must have materially participated in the research and/or article preparation, so roles for all authors should be described. The statement that all authors have approved the final article should be true and included in the disclosure.
Copyright
Upon acceptance of an article, authors will be asked to complete a 'Journal Publishing Agreement' (for more information on this and copyright see http://www.elsevier.com/copyright). Acceptance of the agreement will ensure the widest possible dissemination of information. An e-mail will be sent to the corresponding author confirming receipt of the manuscript together with a 'Journal Publishing Agreement' form or a link to the online version of this agreement.
Subscribers may reproduce tables of contents or prepare lists of articles including abstracts for internal circulation within their institutions. Permission of the Publisher is required for resale or distribution outside the institution and for all other derivative works, including compilations and translations (please consult http://www.elsevier.com/permissions). If excerpts from other copyrighted works are included, the author(s) must obtain written permission from the copyright owners and credit the source(s) in the article. Elsevier has preprinted forms for use by authors in these cases: please consult http://www.elsevier.com/permissions.
Retained author rights
As an author you (or your employer or institution) retain certain rights; for details you are referred to: http://www.elsevier.com/authorsrights.
Role of the funding source
You are requested to identify who provided financial support for the conduct of the research and/or preparation of the article and to briefly describe the role of the sponsor(s), if any, in study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; and in the decision to submit the paper for publication. If the funding source(s) had no such involvement then this should be stated. Please see http://www.elsevier.com/funding.
Funding body agreements and policies
Elsevier has established agreements and developed policies to allow authors whose articles appear in journals published by Elsevier, to comply with potential manuscript archiving requirements as specified as conditions of their grant awards. To learn more about existing agreements and policies please visit http://www.elsevier.com/fundingbodies.
Language and language services
Please write your text in good English (American or British usage is accepted, but not a mixture of these). Authors who require information about language editing and copyediting services pre- and post-submission please visit http://www.elsevier.com/languageediting or our customer support site at http://epsupport.elsevier.com for more information.
Submission
Submission to this journal proceeds totally online and you will be guided stepwise through the creation and uploading of your files. The system automatically converts source files to a single PDF file of the article, which is used in the peer-review process. Please note that even though manuscript source files are converted to PDF files at submission for the review process, these source files are needed for further processing after acceptance. All correspondence, including notification of the Editor's decision and requests for revision, takes place by e-mail removing the need for a paper trail.
Referees
Please submit, with the manuscript, the names, addresses and e-mail addresses of 3 potential referees. Note that the editor retains the sole right to decide whether or not the suggested reviewers are used.
Journal Policy
Returns without review
There are several common reasons for return without review
1. Poor English. Authors are advised to have the paper read by someone who is a native English speaker or fluent in English.
2. Lack of citations. It is usually insufficient to cite the Literature in the Introduction and then not to cite the relevant literature when discussing the results.
3. Lack of analysis. Simply presenting results without any analysis is unlikely to be acceptable.
4. Lack of units on graphs. It is not usually appropriate to label the ordinate axis on a graph as A.U. or arbitrary units. Presenting actual experimental values provides a reader with a sense of the noise and quality of the data. Multiple (offset) curves on the same graph can be accommodated by using a scale bar.
5. Poorly presented micrographs. Micrographs that are poorly presented without scale bars or similar are not acceptable.
6. Poor fit. Materials Characterization is a journal focused on microstructural characterization. Papers containing only electrical, optical or some other form of characterization without accompanying microstructural characterization will not be reviewed.
7. Areas not generally supported by the journal. Materials Characterization does not publish papers on: thin film semiconductors; polymers or polymer composites; mechanical, electrical or other property measurements without any accompanying microstructural characterization; or theory or analysis papers without an accompanying microstructural characterization component.
Use of wordprocessing software
It is important that the file be saved in the native format of the wordprocessor used. The text should be in single-column format. Keep the layout of the text as simple as possible. Most formatting codes will be removed and replaced on processing the article. In particular, do not use the wordprocessor's options to justify text or to hyphenate words. However, do use bold face, italics, subscripts, superscripts etc. Do not embed "graphically designed" equations or tables, but prepare these using the wordprocessor's facility. When preparing tables, if you are using a table grid, use only one grid for each individual table and not a grid for each row. If no grid is used, use tabs, not spaces, to align columns. The electronic text should be prepared in a way very similar to that of conventional manuscripts (see also the Guide to Publishing with Elsevier: http://www.elsevier.com/guidepublication). Do not import the figures into the text file but, instead, indicate their approximate locations directly in the electronic text and on the manuscript. See also the section on Electronic illustrations.
To avoid unnecessary errors you are strongly advised to use the "spell-check" and "grammar-check" functions of your wordprocessor.
Article structure
Subdivision - numbered sections
Divide your article into clearly defined and numbered sections. Subsections should be numbered 1.1 (then 1.1.1, 1.1.2, ...), 1.2, etc. (the abstract is not included in section numbering). Use this numbering also for internal cross-referencing: do not just refer to "the text". Any subsection may be given a brief heading. Each heading should appear on its own separate line.
Introduction
State the objectives of the work and provide an adequate background, avoiding a detailed literature survey or a summary of the results.
Material and methods
Provide sufficient detail to allow the work to be reproduced. Methods already published should be indicated by a reference: only relevant modifications should be described.
Theory/calculation
A Theory section should extend, not repeat, the background to the article already dealt with in the Introduction and lay the foundation for further work. In contrast, a Calculation section represents a practical development from a theoretical basis.
Results
Results should be clear and concise.
Discussion
This should explore the significance of the results of the work, not repeat them. A combined Results and Discussion section is often appropriate. Avoid extensive citations and discussion of published literature.
Conclusions
The main conclusions of the study may be presented in a short Conclusions section, which may stand alone or form a subsection of a Discussion or Results and Discussion section.
Appendices
If there is more than one appendix, they should be identified as A, B, etc. Formulae and equations in appendices should be given separate numbering: Eq. (A.1), Eq. (A.2), etc.; in a subsequent appendix, Eq. (B.1) and so on.
Essential title page information
• Title. Concise and informative. Titles are often used in information-retrieval systems. Avoid abbreviations and formulae where possible.
• Author names and affiliations. Where the family name may be ambiguous (e.g., a double name), please indicate this clearly. Present the authors' affiliation addresses (where the actual work was done) below the names. Indicate all affiliations with a lower-case superscript letter immediately after the author's name and in front of the appropriate address. Provide the full postal address of each affiliation, including the country name, and, if available, the e-mail address of each author.
• Corresponding author. Clearly indicate who will handle correspondence at all stages of refereeing and publication, also post-publication. Ensure that telephone and fax numbers (with country and area code) are provided in addition to the e-mail address and the complete postal address.
• Present/permanent address. If an author has moved since the work described in the article was done, or was visiting at the time, a "Present address" (or "Permanent address") may be indicated as a footnote to that author's name. The address at which the author actually did the work must be retained as the main, affiliation address. Superscript Arabic numerals are used for such footnotes.
Graphical abstract
A Graphical abstract is optional and should summarize the contents of the paper in a concise, pictorial form designed to capture the attention of a wide readership online. Authors must provide images that clearly represent the work described in the paper. Graphical abstracts should be submitted as a separate file in the online submission system. Maximum image size: 400 × 600 pixels (h × w, recommended size 200 × 500 pixels). Preferred file types: TIFF, EPS, PDF or MS Office files. See http://www.elsevier.com/graphicalabstracts for examples.
Research highlights
Research highlights are mandatory for this journal. They consist of a short collection of bullet points that convey the core findings of the article and should be submitted in a separate file in the online submission system. Please use 'Research highlights' in the file name and include 3 to 5 bullet points (maximum 85 characters per bullet point including spaces). See http://www.elsevier.com/researchhighlights for examples.
Keywords
Immediately after the abstract, provide a maximum of 6 keywords, using American spelling and avoiding general and plural terms and multiple concepts (avoid, for example, "and", "of"). Be sparing with abbreviations: only abbreviations firmly established in the field may be eligible. These keywords will be used for indexing purposes.
Acknowledgements
Collate acknowledgements in a separate section at the end of the article before the references and do not, therefore, include them on the title page, as a footnote to the title or otherwise. List here those individuals who provided help during the research (e.g., providing language help, writing assistance or proof reading the article, etc.).
Nomenclature and units
Follow internationally accepted rules and conventions: use the international system of units (SI). If other quantities are mentioned, give their equivalent in SI. You are urged to consult IUPAC: Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry: http://www.iupac.org/ for further information.
Math formulae
Present simple formulae in the line of normal text where possible and use the solidus (/) instead of a horizontal line for small fractional terms, e.g., X/Y. In principle, variables are to be presented in italics. Powers of e are often more conveniently denoted by exp. Number consecutively any equations that have to be displayed separately from the text (if referred to explicitly in the text).
e-CRC
General points: Elsevier can only accept MS Word, LaTeX, or postscript/PDF documents as electronic camera-ready copy (e-CRC). Electronic files can be stored on CD or may be transferred to Elsevier via FTP (details available from Customer support: http://epsupport.elsevier.com).
MS Word file: Please ensure that you use normal fonts as much as possible in your documents, such as Times New Roman, Arial, Symbol, Helvetica, or Times (TrueType or Type 1 fonts). Special fonts, such as those used in the Far East (Japanese, Chinese, Korean, etc.) may be cause problems during processing. If you use a lot of special fonts, please convert the document to PDF with Adobe Acrobat (see below, and also Elsevier's Quickguide: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/authorsview.authors/howtosubmitpaper). Please place figures in a logical place within the document (see also the section on Preparation of electronic illustrations at http://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions). To avoid unnecessary errors you are strongly advised to use the "spellchecker" function of your wordprocessor.
LaTeX documents: Please use a LaTeX setup that uses Type 1 fonts instead of the sometimes default bitmap fonts (Type 3, or pk fonts). For instance, using the LaTeX Times package may be enough to enable this adjustment. For information on LaTex see http://www.elsevier.com/latex. Please provide all document-related and temporary files on submission, as well as the resulting postscript or PDF file.
Postscript/PDF files: Please create postscript files, making sure all fonts are embedded. When creating PDF files with Adobe Acrobat, please use version 4.05 or higher, and use the standard "Press Optimized" settings, as provided by Adobe.
Artwork
Electronic artwork
General points
• Make sure you use uniform lettering and sizing of your original artwork.
• Save text in illustrations as "graphics" or enclose the font.
• Only use the following fonts in your illustrations: Arial, Courier, Times, Symbol.
• Number the illustrations according to their sequence in the text.
• Use a logical naming convention for your artwork files.
• Provide captions to illustrations separately.
• Produce images near to the desired size of the printed version.
• Submit each figure as a separate file.
A detailed guide on electronic artwork is available on our website:
http://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions
You are urged to visit this site; some excerpts from the detailed information are given here.
Formats
Regardless of the application used, when your electronic artwork is finalised, please "save as" or convert the images to one of the following formats (note the resolution requirements for line drawings, halftones, and line/halftone combinations given below):
EPS: Vector drawings. Embed the font or save the text as "graphics".
TIFF: color or grayscale photographs (halftones): always use a minimum of 300 dpi.
TIFF: Bitmapped line drawings: use a minimum of 1000 dpi.
TIFF: Combinations bitmapped line/half-tone (color or grayscale): a minimum of 500 dpi is required.
DOC, XLS or PPT: If your electronic artwork is created in any of these Microsoft Office applications please supply "as is".
Please do not:
• Supply embedded graphics in your wordprocessor (spreadsheet, presentation) document;
• Supply files that are optimised for screen use (like GIF, BMP, PICT, WPG); the resolution is too low;
• Supply files that are too low in resolution;
• Submit graphics that are disproportionately large for the content.
Color artwork
Please make sure that artwork files are in an acceptable format (TIFF, EPS or MS Office files) and with the correct resolution. If, together with your accepted article, you submit usable color figures then Elsevier will ensure, at no additional charge, that these figures will appear in color on the Web (e.g., ScienceDirect and other sites) regardless of whether or not these illustrations are reproduced in color in the printed version. For color reproduction in print, you will receive information regarding the costs from Elsevier after receipt of your accepted article. Please indicate your preference for color in print or on the Web only. For further information on the preparation of electronic artwork, please see http://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions.
Please note: Because of technical complications which can arise by converting color figures to "gray scale" (for the printed version should you not opt for color in print) please submit in addition usable black and white versions of all the color illustrations.
Figure captions
Ensure that each illustration has a caption. Supply captions separately, not attached to the figure. A caption should comprise a brief title (not on the figure itself) and a description of the illustration. Keep text in the illustrations themselves to a minimum but explain all symbols and abbreviations used.
Tables
Number tables consecutively in accordance with their appearance in the text. Place footnotes to tables below the table body and indicate them with superscript lowercase letters. Avoid vertical rules. Be sparing in the use of tables and ensure that the data presented in tables do not duplicate results described elsewhere in the article.
References
Citation in text
Please ensure that every reference cited in the text is also present in the reference list (and vice versa). Any references cited in the abstract must be given in full. Unpublished results and personal communications are not recommended in the reference list, but may be mentioned in the text. If these references are included in the reference list they should follow the standard reference style of the journal and should include a substitution of the publication date with either "Unpublished results" or "Personal communication" Citation of a reference as "in press" implies that the item has been accepted for publication.
Web references
As a minimum, the full URL should be given and the date when the reference was last accessed. Any further information, if known (DOI, author names, dates, reference to a source publication, etc.), should also be given. Web references can be listed separately (e.g., after the reference list) under a different heading if desired, or can be included in the reference list.
References in a special issue
Please ensure that the words 'this issue' are added to any references in the list (and any citations in the text) to other articles in the same Special Issue.
Reference management software
This journal has standard templates available in key reference management packages EndNote ( http://www.endnote.com) and Reference Manager ( http://www.refman.com). Using plug-ins to wordprocessing packages, authors only need to select the appropriate journal template when preparing their article and the list of references and citations to these will be formatted according to the journal style which is described below.
Reference style
Text: Indicate references by number(s) in square brackets in line with the text. The actual authors can be referred to, but the reference number(s) must always be given.
Example: "..... as demonstrated [3,6]. Barnaby and Jones [8] obtained a different result ...."
List: Number the references (numbers in square brackets) in the list in the order in which they appear in the text.
Examples:
Reference to a journal publication:
[1] J. van der Geer, J.A.J. Hanraads, R.A. Lupton, The art of writing a scientific article, J. Sci. Commun. 163 (2000) 51–59.
Reference to a book:
[2] W. Strunk Jr., E.B. White, The Elements of Style, third ed., Macmillan, New York, 1979.
Reference to a chapter in an edited book:
[3] G.R. Mettam, L.B. Adams, How to prepare an electronic version of your article, in: B.S. Jones, R.Z. Smith (Eds.), Introduction to the Electronic Age, E-Publishing Inc., New York, 1999, pp. 281–304.
Journal abbreviations source
Journal names should be abbreviated according to
Index Medicus journal abbreviations: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/tsd/serials/lji.html;
List of serial title word abbreviations: http://www.issn.org/2-22661-LTWA-online.php;
CAS (Chemical Abstracts Service): http://www.cas.org/sent.html.
Video data
Elsevier accepts video material and animation sequences to support and enhance your scientific research. Authors who have video or animation files that they wish to submit with their article are strongly encouraged to include these within the body of the article. This can be done in the same way as a figure or table by referring to the video or animation content and noting in the body text where it should be placed. All submitted files should be properly labeled so that they directly relate to the video file's content. In order to ensure that your video or animation material is directly usable, please provide the files in one of our recommended file formats with a maximum size of 10 MB. Video and animation files supplied will be published online in the electronic version of your article in Elsevier Web products, including ScienceDirect: http://www.sciencedirect.com. Please supply 'stills' with your files: you can choose any frame from the video or animation or make a separate image. These will be used instead of standard icons and will personalize the link to your video data. For more detailed instructions please visit our video instruction pages at http://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions. Note: since video and animation cannot be embedded in the print version of the journal, please provide text for both the electronic and the print version for the portions of the article that refer to this content.
Supplementary data
Elsevier accepts electronic supplementary material to support and enhance your scientific research. Supplementary files offer the author additional possibilities to publish supporting applications, high-resolution images, background datasets, sound clips and more. Supplementary files supplied will be published online alongside the electronic version of your article in Elsevier Web products, including ScienceDirect: http://www.sciencedirect.com. In order to ensure that your submitted material is directly usable, please provide the data in one of our recommended file formats. Authors should submit the material in electronic format together with the article and supply a concise and descriptive caption for each file. For more detailed instructions please visit our artwork instruction pages at http://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions.
Submission checklist
It is hoped that this list will be useful during the final checking of an article prior to sending it to the journal's Editor for review. Please consult this Guide for Authors for further details of any item.
Ensure that the following items are present:
One Author designated as corresponding Author:
• E-mail address
• Full postal address
• Telephone and fax numbers
All necessary files have been uploaded
• Keywords
• All figure captions
• All tables (including title, description, footnotes)
Further considerations
• Manuscript has been "spellchecked" and "grammar-checked"
• References are in the correct format for this journal
• All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited in the text, and vice versa
• Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted material from other sources (including the Web)
• Color figures are clearly marked as being intended for color reproduction on the Web (free of charge) and in print or to be reproduced in color on the Web (free of charge) and in black-and-white in print
• If only color on the Web is required, black and white versions of the figures are also supplied for printing purposes
For any further information please visit our customer support site at http://epsupport.elsevier.com.
Use of the Digital Object Identifier
The Digital Object Identifier (DOI) may be used to cite and link to electronic documents. The DOI consists of a unique alpha-numeric character string which is assigned to a document by the publisher upon the initial electronic publication. The assigned DOI never changes. Therefore, it is an ideal medium for citing a document, particularly 'Articles in press' because they have not yet received their full bibliographic information. The correct format for citing a DOI is shown as follows (example taken from a document in the journal Physics Letters B):
doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2003.10.071
When you use the DOI to create URL hyperlinks to documents on the web, they are guaranteed never to change.
Proofs
One set of page proofs (as PDF files) will be sent by e-mail to the corresponding author (if we do not have an e-mail address then paper proofs will be sent by post) or, a link will be provided in the e-mail so that authors can download the files themselves. Elsevier now provides authors with PDF proofs which can be annotated; for this you will need to download Adobe Reader version 7 (or higher) available free from http://www.adobe.com/products/acrobat/readstep2.html. Instructions on how to annotate PDF files will accompany the proofs (also given online). The exact system requirements are given at the Adobe site: http://www.adobe.com/products/acrobat/acrrsystemreqs.html#70win.
If you do not wish to use the PDF annotations function, you may list the corrections (including replies to the Query Form) and return them to Elsevier in an e-mail. Please list your corrections quoting line number. If, for any reason, this is not possible, then mark the corrections and any other comments (including replies to the Query Form) on a printout of your proof and return by fax, or scan the pages and e-mail, or by post. Please use this proof only for checking the typesetting, editing, completeness and correctness of the text, tables and figures. Significant changes to the article as accepted for publication will only be considered at this stage with permission from the Editor. We will do everything possible to get your article published quickly and accurately. Therefore, it is important to ensure that all of your corrections are sent back to us in one communication: please check carefully before replying, as inclusion of any subsequent corrections cannot be guaranteed. Proofreading is solely your responsibility. Note that Elsevier may proceed with the publication of your article if no response is received.
Offprints
The corresponding author, at no cost, will be provided with a PDF file of the article via e-mail. For an extra charge, paper offprints can be ordered via the offprint order form which is sent once the article is accepted for publication. The PDF file is a watermarked version of the published article and includes a cover sheet with the journal cover image and a disclaimer outlining the terms and conditions of use.
For inquiries relating to the submission of articles (including electronic submission where available) please visit this journal's homepage. You can track accepted articles at http://www.elsevier.com/trackarticle and set up e-mail alerts to inform you of when an article's status has changed. Also accessible from here is information on copyright, frequently asked questions and more. Contact details for questions arising after acceptance of an article, especially those relating to proofs, will be provided by the publisher.
Editorial Board
Editor-in-Chief
I. Baker
Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
Associate Editors
D.P. Field
Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
D. Hetzner
Winter Haven, FL, USA
I. Kaus
SINTEF, Trondheim, Norway
P. Munroe
University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
J.D. Robson
The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
Editorial Advisory Board
B.P. Bewlay
GE Global Research, New York, NY, USA
H.K.D.H. Bhadeshia
University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England, UK
K.K. Chawla
University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
N. Chawla
Arizona State University, Tempe, USA
W.J. Clegg
University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England, UK
E.C. Dickey
Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
E.P. George
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
C. Grovenor
University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
B.J. Inkson
University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, UK
D.G. Ivey
University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
D.J. Larson
Imago Scientific Instruments, Madison, WI, USA
D. Lashmore
Nanocomp Technologies, Inc., Concord, NH, USA
I. LeMay
Metallurgical Consulting Services Ltd., Saskatoon, SK, Canada
W. Lineton
Federal Mogul Corporation, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
D. Medlin
South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD, USA
J.R. Michael
Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA
M.K. Miller
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
L.E. Murr
University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
I. Nettleship
University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
D.O. Northwood
University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada
V. Petrova
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
G.M. Pharr
University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
B. Ralph
Ty Carrog, Cardiff, UK
V. Randle
Swansea University, Swansea, UK
I.M. Reaney
University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, UK
A. Richter
Technische Hochschule Wildau, Wildau, Germany
S.P. Ringer
University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
A.D. Rollett
Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
J.E. Spowart
Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, USA
M.E. Stevenson
Engineering Systems Inc., Norcross, GA, USA
D.W. Van Citters
Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
J. Wadsworth
Battelle, Columbus, OH, USA
T.J. White
Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
Q. Zeng
Carpenter Technology Corporation, Reading, USA
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