期刊名称：LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
 期刊简介(About the journal)
投稿须知(Instructions to Authors)
编辑部信息(Editorial Board)
About the journal
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Limnology and Oceanography (L&O) is published by the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography (ASLO), which traces its roots to the Limnological Society of America (established 1936). Although North American in origin, ASLO is in fact an international society (more than a quarter of the members reside outside of North America). The purposes of ASLO are to promote the interests of limnology, oceanography, and related sciences, to foster the exchange of information across the range of aquatic science, and to further investigations dealing with these subjects. These goals are realized by publishing L&O, holding regular annual meetings, and by sponsoring occasional special symposia about controversial issues in aquatic ecology
Limnology and Oceanography (L&O) has been published annually since 1956. The unifying theme of L&O is the understanding of aquatic ecosystems. Submissions are judged on the originality of their data, interpretations, and ideas, and on the degree to which these can be generalized beyond the particular aquatic ecosystem examined. Most L&O papers have a strong empirical component- laboratory and modeling studies must demonstrate relevance to natural environments; typically this means that they are bolstered by "real-world" data. According to the Science Citation Index, L&O is the most frequently cited journal in the fields of both limnology and oceanography.
Publisher: American Society of Limnology and Oceanography |
Instructions to Authors
General points
The American Society of Limnology and Oceanography (ASLO) publishes six regular issues of Limnology and Oceanography (L&O) (ISSN 0024-3590). In addition, Special Issues that deal with a topic that is both timely and of general interest to the ASLO membership are published occasionally. For further information regarding Special Issues, and the requirements for publishing a Special Issue, click here.
L&O publishes original articles about any aspect of limnology and oceanography. The journal's unifying theme is the understanding of aquatic ecosystems. Submissions are judged on the originality of their data, interpretations, and ideas, and on the degree to which they can be generalized beyond the particular aquatic ecosystem examined. In both your cover letter and the manuscript itself, briefly state why you believe your work to be original and how it will affect interpretation and practice in aquatic sciences. If reviewers cannot identify the basis of originality and impact, space limitations will preclude publication.
L&O papers typically have a strong empirical component. Laboratory and theoretical studies must demonstrate relevance to natural environments; typically they are bolstered by substantial "real-world" data. Papers that focus on methods should be submitted to L&O's sister journal Limnology and Oceanography: Methods. If you are unsure about appropriateness for L&O, please contact the Editor-in-chief (lo-editor@aslo.org) (lo-editor@aslo.org) before submission.
Conditions for publication
ASLO holds copyright of any material published in L&O or on its website. L&O submissions may not contain material published elsewhere; see the L&O Editorial Comments web page for a discussion of what constitutes dual publication.
Submissions will not be considered unless results are amenable to independent verification. If a manuscript contains data from a biological strain isolated from nature, originating from the author's laboratory, and not available from a public collection, the author must honor in a reasonable time all bona fide requests for samples of the culture or deposit specimens in a public culture collection. Similar expectations apply to results obtained using new antibodies originating from the author's laboratory. Authors of submissions reporting research that includes new nucleotide or amino acid sequences must submit the sequence information to a publicly accessible archive (e.g., GenBank or EMBL) and provide the accession numbers in the part of the manuscript that describes the research methods. Manuscripts that use existing sequences from GenBank/EMBL must cite accession numbers and original literature references to them (if they exist). Publication of an article in L&O implicitly binds authors to these conditions.
Authors are responsible for supplying complete bibliographic information¡ªeditors do not perform library research. They do edit for brevity and clarity. The Editorial Office is not liable for editorial or printing errors or errors in the technical content of the manuscript.
Communication with the Editorial Office at all points of the publication process is encouraged. Send correspondence to:
Everett Fee, Editor-in-chief
lo-editor@aslo.org
or
Lucille Doucette, Journals Manager
lo-manager@aslo.org
L&O Editorial Office
343 Lady MacDonald Crescent
Canmore, Alberta T1W 1H5
CANADA
office: (403) 609-2456
fax: (403) 609-2400
Authorship
Every person listed as an author must have: 1) contributed substantially to the study's conception, data acquisition, or analysis; 2) contributed substantially to drafting the manuscript; and 3) approved the final submitted manuscript. All three conditions must be met. Acquisition of funding, the collection of data, or general supervision of the research group, by themselves, do not justify authorship.
Publication Charges
Authors are responsible for paying the following publication charges: $100 for each printed page (or fraction) over 10 (there are about 2-3/4 double-spaced manuscript pages per printed page); $900 for each color figure; $5 for each equation, figure, and table; $10 for each PDF page of Web appendices; and $3 for each line changed by the author in the galley proof. If none of the authors is a member of ASLO at the time of billing, there is a $100 publication fee. These charges may be waived if financial hardship can be proved.
Tips to successful publication in L&O
The most common reasons for manuscript rejection are flawed study design or lack of detail in methods. Rejection is also likely if the writing is unclear, the manuscript is poorly organized, incomplete, or deviates significantly from the L&O style. Authors should also be aware that L&O permits only one major revision of any submission. That is, if the revision of a paper is still not scientifically acceptable the manuscript will be rejected and resubmission will not be allowed. To prevent reviewers from dwelling on issues of style in the first round of review and overlooking substantive issues that subsequently result in the rejection of the revision, authors are advised to submit only fully polished manuscripts. In rare instances, the editor may invite an author to resubmit a paper for consideration as a new manuscript after, e.g., further research has been done. Such a revision is expected to be so profound that the revision will truly be a new manuscript. Under no circumstances will more than one such resubmission be allowed.
How to submit a manuscript
All submissions
Do not submit a revision of a manuscript that was rejected by L&O unless you were specifically invited to do so! Uninvited resubmissions of rejected manuscripts will be turned away without review.
Send all submissions, including revisions, to the L&O Editorial Office, i.e., never send a manuscript directly to an L&O Associate Editor because doing so defeats our tracking system and will delay processing.
Be sure that the cover letter contains the corresponding author's surface and E-mail addresses, and telephone and fax numbers.
Manuscripts must be double-spaced throughout (i.e., including tables, references, and figure legends) and must be printed on only one side of each page (i.e., single sided). Start each section of the manuscript on a new page, and put these in the following order: title page, acknowledgments, abstract (omitted if the submission is a Comment), text, references, tables (each on a separate page), figure legends, and figures (each on a separate page). If your submission is a Note or Comment, do not attempt to mimic the format of these types of papers in the printed journal.
Hard submissions
Include two copies of the cover letter.
For original submissions, include five copies of the manuscript. For revisions, include four copies of the manuscript.
If a customs declaration is required, declare the contents to be "Educational materials, no commercial value" (otherwise the L&O office will have to pay a customs brokerage fee, which will be charged back to the author).
Electronic Submissions
We encourage authors to submit new manuscripts and revisions (but not final submissions) electronically. Attach two files (containing the cover letter and the manuscript, respectively) to an E-mail message addressed to the Editor-in-chief. Acceptable electronic formats are Adobe PDF and MS-Word. The manuscript must be in a single file that contains all text, tables, and figures.
To ensure that reviewers and editors can print your manuscript, all fonts must be embedded in PDF files and PDF files must NOT contain security settings. If you are unsure how to create an acceptable PDF file, submit your manuscript as an MS-Word document and we will make the PDF file.
To complete an electronic submission, you must mail one hard copy of the manuscript and the cover letter to the L&O office.
Original submissions
The cover letter must contain the names and complete addresses (including E-mail) of four people who the authors believe to be qualified reviewers for the paper. Suggested reviewers must be free of any potential conflict of interest. Any of the following situations may constitute a conflict of interest, so persons with these potential conflicts should be omitted from your list:
¡¤ someone with whom you or a co-author have had a significant and acrimonious disagreement with at any time in the past;
¡¤ a co-investigator with either you or a co-author on a current research project;
¡¤ a co-author with your or with one of your co-authors on the current manuscript in an article published within the past 5 years;
¡¤ a close friend of yours or of a co-author's;
¡¤ someone who works at your institution (or that of a co-author); or,
¡¤ someone who has seen and commented on the manuscript prior to its submission to L&O.
To provide balance and avoid overworking particular reviewers, L&O will probably go outside the list of reviewers you provide. Thus you may wish to make other potential conflicts known to us.
Clearly indicate in the cover letter whether the submission is intended as an Article, Note, or Comment (see the Editorial Comments website for a discussion of the difference). Include a statement that the manuscript contains only original data (i.e., no data in it are already published or currently submitted for review to another journal), and a statement that publication charges will be paid if the paper is accepted for publication in L&O. Finally, briefly identify the novel contribution of this work and how it will affect interpretation and practice in aquatic sciences.
If any data in the manuscript were previously published or are used in another manuscript presently under consideration elsewhere, describe the extent of the overlap in the cover letter and include copies of the relevant papers. Similarly, it will speed review if you include copies of related manuscripts that are in press, submitted to another journal, or that reviewers are likely to have difficulty locating. We prefer to receive copies of all such manuscripts electronically (as PDF files).
Revisions
The cover letter must contain detailed responses to the Reviewers' and Editor's comments. Describe how you modified the manuscript in response to each comment or outline your reasoning carefully if you disagree with the comment.
See Electronic submissions (above) for submission requirements.
Final Submissions
Send two complete hard copies of the final manuscript, including figures, and one additional set of original figures.
We also need an electronic copy of the final manuscript that is identical to the hard copy (the hard and electronic versions must match exactly or the manuscript will be delayed at the printer.) If you have not made arrangements with L&O Editorial Office to send the electronic copy by E-mail, you must include it when you send the hard copy. Regardless of how you send it, the electronic copy must be in a single file that includes all parts of the manuscript except the figures, which are scanned from hard copy. We can deal with most PC word processing formats, but prefer Microsoft Word for Windows or Rich text format (RTF); PDF is not acceptable at this stage.
The L&O Style
As you prepare your paper, refer to a recent issue of L&O for examples of the journal's style. The ASLO Journals Manager (lo-manager@aslo.org) will be happy to answer any questions that you cannot resolve in this way or by referring to the detailed L&O style specifications below.
General style
Type the manuscript double-spaced on one side of non-glossy A4 or "letter" (8-1/2x11 inch; 21.6x28 cm) paper. Use 1-inch (2.5-cm) margins on all sides.
Number all pages, starting with 1 on the title page. If the software used to prepare the manuscript can do so, number all lines of text (making it easier for reviewers to comment on the manuscript).
Do not justify the right-hand margin.
Do not break (hyphenate) words over lines.
Indent the first line of each paragraph.
The only allowable footnotes are for author addresses on the title page or when they are unavoidable in tables.
L&O does not publish printed appendices. We do, however, publish electronic appendices; submit material intended for publication on the L&O website as separate, numbered, electronic files and refer to each Appendix in the manuscript as "Web Appendix n" where n is the number of the corresponding electronic file.
Do not number or letter sections of the manuscript.
Thoroughly proofread and spell-check the manuscript with a computer program.
Use a single serifed font (Times New Roman preferred); if special mathematical or Greek symbols not available in that font are needed, use the Symbol font. Note: superscripts, subscripts, italic, boldface, underline, and changes of font size are not considered to be different fonts.
Cite all figures and tables in the text and number them in the order that they appear in the text.
Do not use punctuation (commas or periods) in numbered equations.
Cite literature in the text in chronological, followed by alphabetical, order and formatted like these examples: "Campbell (1983, 1987b)," "(Smith et al. 1984; Karl and Craven 1988; Korobi 1997, 1998)." In the References section, list citations in alphabetical, followed by chronological, order.
Manuscripts must be written in English. Before submission, the manuscript should be proofread by a person fluent in English.
Order the manuscript as: title page, acknowledgments page, abstract page (not required for a Comment), manuscript body, references, tables, figure legends, and figures. All papers should be formatted in this way, i.e., do NOT place author names and acknowledgments at the end of the manuscript, which is how Notes and Comments are formatted in the journal.
Use only SI units (metric and Celsius; for detailed SI specifications, click here). The following are required formats for situations that are commonly formatted incorrectly:
¡¤ Use exponents to indicate multiplication or division in units (slashes are not allowed).
¡¤ Use mol L-1 for molar concentrations ('M' is not acceptable).
¡¤ Use mol quanta for photosynthetically available radiation (PAR) (Einsteins is not acceptable).
¡¤ Use ml for milliliters and µl for microliters, but L for liters.
¡¤ Use ¡Á for multiplication (* is not acceptable).
¡¤ To indicate a power of 10, write, e.g., 5¡Á10-8 (5E-8 is not acceptable).
Do not italicize common Latin terms and abbreviations such as i.e., e.g., in situ, in vivo, and et al.
The Title page:
Capitalize only the first word, proper nouns, and acronyms in the title. I.e., Do not capitalize all words or use all capitals for the entire title.
Do not use abbreviations in the title (e.g., use 'iron', not 'Fe'; and 'southeast', not 'SE').
List the names of all authors in a single continuous character string below the title. Use footnotes to indicate the corresponding author (if different than the first author listed) and author addresses; these addresses should be those where the authors resided at the time that the work presented in the paper was done (use separate footnotes for current addresses, if different). Spell out state or province names in full and include postal codes. Double-space all footnotes on the title page.
For Articles and Notes, provide a condensed running head of no more than 40 characters (including spaces) at the bottom of the page.
The Acknowledgments page:
Type acknowledgments double-spaced on a separate page.
Include brief statements about granting agencies, important aid received from institutions, and any potential conflicts of interest (as detailed in the L&O Ethics statement section 3.4 and 3.4.1).
Thank anyone who made a substantial contribution to the work (e.g., data collection, analysis, or writing or editing assistance) but who did not fulfill the authorship criteria, along with their specific contributions.
You are responsible for ensuring that all persons named in the Acknowledgments section know and agree to being identified there (since it may be interpreted as endorsement of the data or conclusions).
The Abstract:
Write the abstract as a single paragraph of no more than 250 words (15 to 17 lines of text in a 12-point, Times New Roman font, where the line width is 17 cm (=6.5 in). Omit statements about the paper that do not identify actual findings (e.g., The implications of these results are investigated with a dynamic model). (In the jargon of scientific writing, L&O publishes informative and not indicative abstracts.) Summarize rather than advertise both the important findings and their significance. Because the abstract must stand on its own, it cannot include references. Comments have no abstracts.
Text:
Follow all directions given in the General style section above.
Describe statistical methods in enough detail to enable a knowledgeable reader with access to the original data to verify the reported results. Give degrees of freedom for F-tests as subscripts (e.g., F3,4); for other statistics, report degrees of freedom as "df=n" following the test result (e.g., t=3.4, df=20). Use italics for symbols representing a statistic: p for probability level, r2 for the correlation coefficient, and n for the sample size.
Use the same font for the same mathematical symbol regardless of where it appears in the manuscript (text, displayed equations, tables, figures, or figure legends).
Use abbreviations sparingly. Use periods after all abbreviations except for metric measures, compass directions, and time (s, min, h, d, yr; do not abbreviate 'week' or 'month').
Provide the full expansion of all acronyms on first use (even common ones like DNA).
Format dates like "15 June 1999" throughout the text, figures, and tables. If it is necessary to conserve space, abbreviate month names to the first 3 letters of the month name (no period) and the year to the last two digits.
Do not abbreviate state, province, city, or country names.
References:
The ratio of pages of references to pages of text (not counting the title page, abstract, and acknowledgments) must be less than 1:4. (See the editorial commentary Web page for reasons.)
All references cited in the text must appear in the References, and vice versa.
Double check the spelling of author names and years of publication. All author names must be given--even if there are more than eight (the copyeditor will abbreviate the list to 'and others' if appropriate).
Manuscripts in preparation, submitted, unpublished theses, or other inaccessible sources should be referred to in text by referring to the author(s) by last name and initials, e.g., Jones, A. B., followed by 'pers. comm.' or 'unpubl.' -- such materials must NOT appear in the References.
Verify all references against original sources; check especially journal titles, accents, diacritical marks, and spelling in languages other than English.
Make sure that each citation is complete, according to the following examples:
Article:
Fenchel, T. 1986. Protozoan filter feeding. Prog. Protistol. 1: 65-113.
Articles with a Digital Object Identifier (DOI):
Gooseff, M. N., D. M. McKnight, W. B. Lyons, and A. E. Blum. 2002. Weathering reactions and hyporheic exchange controls on stream water chemistry in a glacial meltwater stream in the McMurdo Dry Valleys. Water Resour. Res. 38. [doi: 10.1029/2001WR000834]
If there are page numbers then 38: 15-32. [doi: 10.1029/2001WR000834]
Book:
Stumm, W., and J. Morgan. 1981. Aquatic chemistry, 2nd ed. Wiley.
Chapter:
Codispoti, L. A. 1983. Nitrogen in upwelling systems, p. 513-564. In E. J. Carpenter and G. Capone [eds.], Nitrogen in the marine environment. Academic.
Thesis:
Kimmance, S. A. 2001. The interactive effect of temperature and food concentration on plankton grazing and growth rates. Ph.D. thesis. Univ. of Liverpool.
Use mixed upper and lower case letters for all text in the References section. In particular, do not use all capital letters for author names because doing so makes it impossible to for the copyeditor to properly typeset names like "MacKenzie".
For abbreviations of journal names refer to Chemical Abstracts Service Source Index (CASSI) or Biosis.
Do not include part (issue) numbers after volume numbers unless each part of the volume is paginated separately.
Tables:
Start each table on a new page.
Format tables so that they will fit on the printed page: A 1-column table can be up to 60 characters wide, and a 2-column table up to 130.
Type table legends as double-spaced paragraphs at the top of each table.
Figure Legends:
Figure legends must be formatted as one paragraph per figure.
Explain all panels in each figure (A), (B), ...
Symbols used in the figure (e.g., circles, squares, ...) must be explained on the figure itself (i.e., not in the figure legend). No special symbols are allowed in the figure legend.
Figures:
Figures must be camera-ready (no modifications will be made by the L&O editorial staff or printer). They must be printed at high-resolution (minimum of 600 dpi).
Leave at least 2.5 cm (1 in) of white space around all sides of the figure.
Number all figures serially (L&O does not distinguish color "plates" from black-and-white figures).
Number figures with Arabic numerals in the order of their citation in the text. If panels of a figure are labeled (A, B, ...) use the same case when refering to these panels in the text (A, B, ..., not a, b,...).
If a figure consists of multiple panels, put all panels on one page and repeat axes titles on each panel only if they are different.
Put scale bars on the figure, NOT in the figure legend.
Use the Times New Roman font for all text and numerals on figures. Text should be between 8 and 12 points after reduction to the size that it will appear in the journal. If mathematical or Greek symbols are not available in Times New Roman, use the Symbol font.
Page layout: See page layout diagram.
Check that figures are approximately the size that they would appear if printed in L&O and that lines, symbols, and text are of proper thickness to be successfully reduced. Note: the L&O Column width is 8.9 cm (3.5 in) and full page width is 18.4 cm (7.25 in). The maximum size for a figure is 18.4 x 23.2 cm (7.25 x 9.125 in).
Size all text on the figures so that it will between 8 and 12 points when printed in the journal (i.e., after reduction).
Make figures as simple as possible. For example, avoid grids or boxes around symbol definitions.
Maps must include latitude and longitude, an indication of compass direction, and a line around the border. Ensure that all markings will be legible after reduction.
Put the lead author's name and figure number on the FRONT of each figure or plate, on both originals and review copies. Such labels must be at least 1.27 cm (0.5 in) from the printed area. Do NOT write on the back of the figures because such marks often show through when reproduced.
Photographs must be crisp black-and-white prints and submitted at the intended print size.
If a figure is submitted as mounted artwork, mount it on flexible paper because it will be scanned on a drum scanner; use glue stick to attach just the top edge of each panel to the paper, making sure that the plate is flat (i.e., there are no bumps or bubbles); any unevenness will cause distortion of the final image.
Color figures See detailed instructions.
Editorial Board
American Society of Limnology and Oceanography
Official Web Site: http://www.aslo.org/
ASLO Business Office
5400 Bosque Boulevard, Suite 680
Waco, Texas 76710-4446
Phone: 817-399-9635 or 1-800-929-2756 (within the United States, Canada, and the Caribbean)
Fax: 817-776-3767
Email: business@aslo.org
Masthead
Editor-in-Chief
Everett Fee:lo-editor@aslo.org (1998-present)
University of Calgary, Canada,
Journals Manager
Lucille Doucette :lo-manager@aslo.org(1998-present)
Associate Editors
Josef D. Ackerman
University of Guelph, Canada
Marcel Babin
Laboratoire d'Oc¨¦anographie de Villefranche, Universit¨¦ Pierre et Marie Curie/CNRS, France
Robert R. Bidigare
University of Hawaii
Elizabeth Canuel
The College of William and Mary, Virginia Institute of Marine Science
Ronnie Nøhr Glud
Marine Biological Laboratory, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
Stephen K. Hamilton
Michigan State University
Robert E. Hecky
University of Waterloo, Canada
Dag Olav Hessen
University of Oslo, Department of Biology, Norway
Raymond Hesslein
Freshwater Institute, Canada
Samantha B. Joye
University of Georgia
Wade H. Jeffrey
University of West Florida
Thomas Kiørboe
Danish Institute for Fisheries Research, Denmark
George W. Kling
University of Michigan
Michael P. Lesser
University of New Hampshire
Edward McCauley
University of Calgary, Canada
Jack J. Middelburg
Netherlands Institute of Ecology, The netherlands
Lauren Mullineaux
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
Heidi Nepf
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Margaret A. Palmer
University of Maryland
John Albert Raven
University of Dundee, U.K.
Mary I. Scranton
State University of New York-Stony Brook
Evelyn Sherr
Oregon State University
Michael J. Vanni
Miami University
Peter G. Verity
Skidaway Institute of Oceanography
Norman D. Yan
Dorset Research Centre, Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Canada
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