The Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior (JNEB) is a refereed scientific periodical devoted to original research on factors influencing food behavior and how they can be modified to bring about positive, sustainable dietary change. The Journal is designed to stimulate research and interest in nutrition education and to disseminate information about best practices and policies. Submit manuscripts to: Jane Voichick, PhD, Editor, Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, Department of Nutritional Science, University of Wisconsin, 1415 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706. To reach the editorial office, call (608) 265-4050, fax (608) 262-5860, or e-mail editor@jneb.org. For more information, see www.jneb.org.
By submitting a manuscript, authors certify that they are reporting original work not previously published, in review, or in press and that, if the paper is accepted for publication in the Journal, the copyright will be transferred to the Society for Nutrition Education (SNE). Copyright exceptions are made for US government employees who author articles in that capacity. Papers copyrighted by SNE may not be reprinted in English or any other language without the written consent of the JNEB editor.
TYPES OF MANUSCRIPTS CONSIDERED
RESEARCH ARTICLES are concise reports of original research on any aspect of nutrition education. Papers based on the results of preliminary research are not acceptable.
RESEARCH BRIEFS are articles that satisfy all criteria for a Research Article but (1) report results from a small or nonrepresentative sample, (2) report on secondary or ancillary results from a larger study, or (3) report on a topic that is considered low priority but would be of interest to some readers of JNEB.
REPORTS are articles that (1) describe innovative and evaluated nutrition education programs, (2) describe new, pilot-tested research methods, (3) discuss policy issues relevant to nutrition education, or (4) review emerging topics as they relate to nutrition education. Reports should provide sufficient detail for replicating programs and evaluation methods (if applicable) and specify implications for research and practice in nutrition education.
VIEWPOINTS are articles communicating opinions on current issues and controversies in the field. Opinions expressed in Viewpoint articles are supported by references to existing literature and acknowledge opposing views. For controversial issues, the Editor may invite articles from others holding alternative opinions for simultaneous publication.
GREAT EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS (GEMs) are brief descriptions of innovative and useful nutrition education activities or materials such as demonstrations, teaching techniques, games, and models. Page limitations prohibit descriptions of full-scale curricula and programs in GEMs.
GEMs include a description of the activity, objectives of the activity, the intended audience, implementation procedures, and evidence of usefulness or impact. Photographs or other visual materials may be submitted to enhance the description. Guidelines specific to writing GEMs are available at www.jneb.org or on request from the Journal office. They should be used in conjunction with the general guidance provided here.
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR are timely and succinct expressions of responsible criticism or reaction to material published in recent issues. Letters to the editor may also call attention to topics of general interest to readers. Submission of a letter to the editor constitutes permission for the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior to publish it with or without editing and abridgment. Authors of letters to the editor must acknowledge financial and other conflicts of interest within the letter. Letters related to articles published in JNEB will receive top priority for publishing, and authors of the articles will be given an opportunity to respond in a letter for simultaneous publication.
PREPARATION OF MANUSCRIPTS
GENERAL STYLE
The primary responsibility for preparing the manuscript in a form suitable for publication lies with the authors. Manuscripts are prepared with a 12-point typeface, double-spaced throughout, single-sided on 81/2"" x 11"" paper, with 1"" margins on all sides. Beginning with the Introduction, each manuscript page is numbered in the upper right-hand corner and each line is numbered consecutively. First-level headings are centered on the page, typed in all-capital letters, and followed by two blank lines. Second-level headings begin flush with the left margin, have each word capitalized, and are followed by one blank line. Third-level headings begin flush with the left margin, are written sentence style with a period at the end, and bolded. Text follows immediately on the same line. Page limits are noted below. Page limits exclude the abstract but include all other text, acknowledgments, references, tables, figures, and other illustrations.
Research Article?0 pages
Research Brief?4 pages
Report?4 pages
Viewpoint?2 pages
GEM? pages
Letter to the Editor? pages
The past tense of verbs is used to discuss methods and results. Present tense is used to refer to existing literature or general truths and to state conclusions. Jargon and sexist language are avoided. Justification for analyses by race or ethnicity is presented within the text. For preferred usage of terms related to race and ethnicity, see the American Medical Association Manual of Style, 9th edition.
ORGANIZATION OF CONTENT OF MANUSCRIPT AND ACCOMPANYING MATERIALS
Cover letter. The cover letter
?indicates the type of manuscript being submitted (see the categories described above)
?describes why the manuscript would be of interest to JNEB readers
?identifies reviewers who should not be considered due to potential conflicts of interest
?suggests up to three reviewers who are knowledgeable about the subject and provide their contact information (optional)
?specifies whether there are related or overlapping manuscripts under review or published (include a copy of each)
?identifies the corresponding author
?includes signatures of all authors
Full title page. The title page includes
?the title of the manuscript
?the section of the Journal for which the manuscript is intended
?the names of all authors, their academic degrees (eg, MS), professional credentials (eg, RD), and affiliations
?the name, address, telephone number, fax number, and e-mail address of the corresponding author
?the name and address of the institution at which the work was conducted if it differs from the present affiliation of the first author
Blinded title page. A second title page includes only the title of the paper and the Journal section for which it is intended.
Abstract and key words. Formats and word limits for abstracts are summarized below according to the type of article submitted.
Research Article—structured abstract?00-word limit
Research Brief—structured abstract?00-word limit
Report—unstructured abstract?00-word limit
Viewpoint—unstructured abstract?00-word limit
A structured abstract organizes information with descriptive headings that begin flush with the left margin. Incomplete sentences are acceptable in a structured abstract for the sake of brevity. For an example of a structured abstract, see www.jneb.org. To facilitate selective electronic scanning, structured abstracts include the following subheadings (verbatim), bolded, and presented in the order shown here:
Objective: Specifies the primary purpose or objective(s) of the study and/or a priori hypotheses tested
Design: Describes the basic research design, methods used to collect data, and timing/sequence of intervention and data collection
Setting: Describes the study setting
Participants: States the number of participants or subjects/objects of observation by group and subgroup, describes how they were selected, specifies the response rate for participants, summarizes key demographic characteristics for each study group and subgroup, and describes the extent to which they represent the population from which they were drawn
Intervention(s): Describes the essential features of the intervention(s) including setting, methods, and duration. If no intervention was conducted, omit this subheading from the abstract.
Main Outcome Measure(s): Specifies dependent and independent variables and describes how each variable was measured. In the case of descriptive research, replace this subheading with one that reads “Variables Measured.?/FONT>
Analysis: Summarizes how data were analyzed qualitatively and/or quantitatively; specifies the alpha level used to determine statistical significance of quantitative results
Results: Summarizes primary results reported in the manuscript; includes the number of participants, the level of statistical significance, and the variance for each quantitative result; includes confidence intervals or effect sizes wherever appropriate
Conclusions and Implications: Specifies study conclusions directly supported by results reported in the manuscript and specifies implications for research, practice, and policy making
An unstructured (conventional) abstract is written in paragraph form. It provides a brief overview of all key aspects of the manuscript. Topics covered in a conventional abstract depend on whether the manuscript describes a research study, a program and its evaluation, a new research method, or a review of literature. Regardless of the focus, all abstracts begin with a clearly defined purpose or objective and end with conclusions and implications for research and practice.
All structured and conventional abstracts include, at the bottom of the page, a list of three to five key words for indexing. Key words are selected from the listing of Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) outlined by MEDLINE?(see http://medline.cos.com). If suitable MeSH terms are not available, others may be used. Key words are presented in order from the most to least relevant for indexing.
Text for Research Articles. Research articles include the following major sections:
?Introduction—concisely describes the issue addressed in the manuscript, explains its importance in relation to existing literature, describes the theoretical or conceptual foundation on which the study is based, states the objectives of the article, and specifies hypotheses tested.
?Methods—describes the research design, sampling methods, recruitment strategies, measurement instruments, methods used to test instruments for validity and reliability, results of validity and reliability testing, data collection procedures, and statistical analyses in enough detail for replication. Specifies the alpha level used to determine statistical significance for each test. Provides sound rationale for analyzing data by race or ethnicity. Specifies approval by an institutional ethics committee for research involving human subjects.
?Results—Outlines results clearly and systematically, mentioning or highlighting—but not duplicating—information displayed in tables; specifies the direction and magnitude of each statistically significant difference reported
?Discussion—provides an in-depth interpretation of results reported, compares and discusses results in relation to those from similar studies reported in the literature, outlines limitations of the study, describes how study limitations influence interpretation of results, and offers alternative explanations for the findings.
?Implications for Research and Practice—specifies how researchers, practitioners, and policy makers could apply results to future work.
Text for Research Briefs, Reports, and Viewpoints. Research Briefs, Reports, and Viewpoints include the following major sections described under Text for Research Articles: Introduction, Discussion, and Implications for Research and Practice. Research Briefs, Reports, and Viewpoints should not include sections titled Method or Results. Instead, they should include alternative section headings that distinguish them from Research Articles. Examples include Description of the Intervention, Description of the Evaluation, and Lessons Learned. Reports developing new concepts or reviewing topics may include additional major sections as needed.
Acknowledgments. Acknowledgments identify sources of financial support for the work reported in the manuscript, sources of substantial technical assistance, and sources from which some or all of the data were taken (eg, a thesis, dissertation, presentation, or report). Acknowledgments should not be numbered or referred to in the text. Acknowledgments that reveal the authors?identities or affiliations are omitted from blinded manuscripts by the author(s).
Footnotes. Footnotes are discouraged, except in tables. If deemed necessary, they should appear before the reference list.
References. Each new reference introduced in the text is numbered sequentially. The reference number appears in parentheses immediately following related text. The reference list is numbered to correspond with citations in text. Reference style follows the system described in the American Medical Association Manual of Style: A Guide for Authors and Editors, 9th edition. Index Medicus abbreviations are used for periodical titles. If a standard abbreviation is not available, cite the full title. Some examples follow:
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Falk LW, Bisogni CA, Sobal J. Diet change processes of participants in an intensive heart program. J Nutr Educ. 2000;32:240-250.
BOOK
Glanz K, Lewis FM, Rimer BK, eds. Health Behavior and Health Education: Theory, Research, and Practice. 2nd ed. San Francisco, Calif: Jossey-Bass Publishers; 1997.
BOOK CHAPTER
Baranowski T, Perry CL, Parcel GS. How individuals, environments, and health behavior interact. In: Glanz K, Lewis FM, Rimer BK, eds. Health Behavior and Health Education: Theory, Research, and Practice. 2nd ed. San Francisco, Calif: Jossey-Bass Publishers; 1997:153-178.
Government documents are referenced no matter how well known they may be to readers (eg, Dietary Guidelines for Americans). References for government documents include, in this order: the name(s) of author(s) if specified in the document, title, place of publication, name of the issuing bureau, agency or department, date of publication, publication number (if any), and series number (if any).
Authors are responsible for the accuracy of references. References should be up to date (with the exception of older, seminal sources) and readily available to readers. Avoid secondary sources. Unpublished material and personal communications are cited in text only with the source and date indicated in parentheses immediately following related material. Examples: (J. A. Doe, unpublished data, 2001), (J. A. Doe, oral communication, 2001).
Published, peer-reviewed sources are always preferred but World Wide Web (WWW) resources may be used, especially in cases for which government documents are more readily available via the WWW than in print. To cite a WWW source, provide the following information in this order and format: Name of author/agency. Title of document. Available at: URL. Accessed month and date, year.
Tables. Each table is printed on a separate page, bears a table number and descriptive title formatted sentence style, and includes footnotes as needed. Tables should be complete enough to understand without referring to related text.
Figures. Figures are professionally produced, clear, and complete enough to stand alone without referring to the text. The title for a figure is double-spaced and appears, alone, on a separate page immediately preceding the page on which the figure (without title) is displayed.
Photographs. If photographs are used, a glossy black-and-white print accompanies the original manuscript. High-quality photocopies of the photographs are attached to each copy of the manuscript.
Supplementary material. Six copies of each instrument used in the study are included as supplementary material along with one copy of each overlapping manuscript in review or in press. All copies of supplementary material are blinded and marked “for review only.?
SUBMISSION AND REVIEW OF MANUSCRIPTS
When submitting a manuscript for consideration, an unblinded original and six (four for GEMs) blinded copies are included along with the cover letter and supplementary material described above (if applicable). When a manuscript arrives at the JNEB office, a letter confirming receipt is sent to authors along with a copyright release form. The copyright release form is returned to JNEB bearing original signatures from all authors.
The editor may return a manuscript to the author without review if it does not conform to the guidelines presented here, is outside the scope of the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, or overlaps substantially with prior publications. Manuscripts meeting basic requirements as potential Research Articles, Research Briefs, Reports, and Viewpoints are blinded and distributed to a panel of four reviewers, at least one of which is a member of the Editorial Board. Ad hoc reviewers make up the balance of the panel. Replacement reviewers are assigned as needed. Manuscripts submitted as potential GEMs are distributed to a panel of three ad hoc reviewers.
The review process usually takes 3 to 6 months. Authors receive blinded reviewer comments along with the editor’s letter of disposition. The editor may accept or reject a manuscript or request that it be revised prior to making a final decision. Rejected manuscripts are returned to authors along with the signed copyright release form.
Criteria lists and guidelines used by reviewers to evaluate manuscripts are available at http://www.jneb.org or on request from editor@jneb.org. Prospective authors are encouraged to use the criteria lists and guidelines for in-house review of manuscripts before they are submitted to the Journal.
If a manuscript is accepted for publication, the JNEB office requests an electronic copy on computer diskette from the corresponding author. The diskette is forwarded from JNEB to the publisher for copy editing and typesetting. The Journal may levy charges if reconstruction of illustrations, color separations, or extensive formatting is required for the manuscript to conform to Journal standards. The corresponding author receives from the publisher the typeset pages for final proofreading. An order form for reprints accompanies the mailing. The author returns corrections and reprint order to the publisher. Journal staff also reviews typeset pages and returns corrections to the publisher.
Manuscripts ready to publish enter a queue. The editor draws on this queue for each new issue. Typically, manuscripts are published in the approximate order in which they enter the queue, but that is not guaranteed. The editor may be forced to delay publication of a manuscript due to practical considerations (eg, seeking combinations of typeset articles that fit, exactly, the 64-page framework of a standard issue). The editor may also choose to move a manuscript up in the queue if it is particularly timely or fits the theme of a special issue.
MANUSCRIPT PACKAGE CHECKLIST
____ Cover letter with required original signatures from all authors
____ Full title page and blinded title page
____ Abstract with key words
____ Text
____ Acknowledgments
____ References
____ Tables and figures
____ Manuscripts from the same study (under review, in press, or published)
____ One copy each of instruments used in the study (if applicable)
____ Format: double-spaced throughout, pages and lines numbered
____ One unblinded original and six (four for GEMs) blinded copies of the manuscript
Thank you for considering the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior for potential publication of your work. We look forward to receiving your manuscript.
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