Radiobiologists, photobiologists, radiation chemists, cell biologists, radiotherapists, oncologists, health physicists, radiation protection personnel.
Professor G. Steel (UK)
M C Joiner (UK), P O'Neill (UK), R E Meyn (USA) and M F Lavin (AUS).
The foundations of Taylor & Francis were laid in pioneering fashion in 1798. Richard Taylor printed and launched the Philosophical Magazine, one of the first scientific journals published by an independent company.
It was the start of a close collaboration with scholarly societies which was cultivated throughout the 1880s. The company became the printer for the Royal Astronomical Society, the Geological Society, the Zoological Society, the Horticultural Society, the Royal Botanical Society, the British Association for the Advancement of Science, the Royal Society and the Linnean Society of London. With the proliferation of periodicals and information generated by learned societies at the turn of the century, Taylor & Francis also became pioneers in the field of abstracting journals, and in 1890 the company became the first printer of Science Abstracts the precursor of today's Physics Abstracts.
Book publishing was a mostly secondary concern for the company until the 1960s, when significant expansion was implemented at all levels from schoolbooks to high level monographs. Since then the focus of book publishing has been predominantly at the undergraduate level and above, with an ever larger number of subject areas brought into the programme. The principles which drove the founders of Taylor and Francis are still paramount today. Academic scholarship must be of the highest quality which will be reflected in appropriate production practices and values. We hope that we remain true to those principles and that being a Taylor and Francis author is still a pleasant, profitable and proud experience.
Editorial Manager (Journals), 4 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, OX14 4RN, UK, Tel: +44 (0) 1235 828600, Fax: +44 (0) 1235 829000
Email: info@tandf.co.uk
Please read these Guidelines with care and attention: failure to follow them may result in your paper being delayed. Note especially the referencing conventions used by International Journal of Radiation Biology and for all manuscripts, non-discriminatory language is mandatory. Sexist or racist terms should not be used.
We strongly encourage you to send us the final, revised version of your article in both hard (paper) and electronic (disk) forms. This Guide sets out the procedures which will assure we can process your article efficiently. It is divided into three sections:
There are some general rules which apply to all three options.
For the main text of your article, most standard PC or Mac word-processing software packages are acceptable, although we prefer Microsoft Word in a PC format.
Word-processed files should be prepared according to the journal style.
Avoid the use of embedded footnotes. For numbered tables, use the table function provided with the word-processing package.
All text should be saved in one file with the complete text (including the title page, abstract, all sections of the body of the paper, references), followed by numbered tables and the figure captions.
Do not send a disk file with the initial submitted version. With the revised version of the paper please send to the Editor:
Authors who wish to prepare their articles using the LaTeX document preparation system are advised to use article.sty (for LaTex 2.09) or article.cls (for LaTex2e).
The use of macros should be kept to an absolute minimum but if any are used they should be gathered together in the file, just before the \begin{document} command You should send the following to the Editor:
Sample disk label: LaTeX
| Journal title |
| A.N. Author |
article.tex
article.sty |
| IBM PC |
| PCLaTeX v2.09 |
3. A guide for authors using graphics software packages
We welcome figures on disk, but care and attention to these guidelines is essential, as importing graphics packages can often be problematic.
Figures must be saved on a separate disk from the text.
Avoid the use of colour and tints for aesthetic reasons. Figures should be produced as near to the finished size as possible.
High quality reproducible hard copy for all line figures (printed out from your electronic files at a minimum of 600 dpi) must be supplied in case the disks are unusable; photographs and transparencies can be accepted as hard copy only. Photocopies will not be accepted.
All figures must be numbered in the order in which they occur (e.g. figure 1, figure 2 etc.). In multi-part figures, each part should be labelled (e.g. figure 1 (a), figure 1 (b) etc.)
The figure captions must be saved as a separate file with the text and numbered correspondingly.
The filename for the graphic should be descriptive of the graphic e.g. Figure1, Figure2a.
Files should be saved as TIFF (tagged image file format), PostScript or EPS (encapsulated PostScript), containing all the necessary font information and the source file of the application (e.g., CorelDraw/Mac, CorelDraw/PC).
Disks should be clearly labelled with the following information:
- Journal title
- Name of author
- File names contained on disk
- Hardware used (PC or Mac)
- Software used (name and version)
Sample disk label: figures
| Journal title |
| A.N. Author |
| Figures 1-10 |
| Macintosh |
| Adobe Illustrator 5.5 |
Copyright permission
Contributors are required to secure permission for the reproduction of any figure, table, or extensive (more than fifty word) extract from the text, from a source which is copyrighted - or owned - by a party other than Taylor & Francis or the contributor.
This applies both to direct reproduction or 'derivative reproduction' - when the contributor has created a new figure or table which derives substantially from a copyrighted source.
The following form of words can be used in seeking permission:
Dear [COPYRIGHT HOLDER]
I/we are preparing for publication an article entitled
[STATE TITLE]
to be published by Taylor & Francis Ltd in International Journal of Radiation Biology.
I/we should be grateful if you would grant us permission to include the following materials:
[STATE FIGURE NUMBER AND ORGINAL SOURCE]
We are requesting non-exclusive rights in this edition and in all forms. It is understood, of course, that full acknowledgement will be given to the source.
Please note that Taylor & Francis are signatories of and respect the spirit of the STM Agreement regarding the free sharing and dissemination of scholarly information.
Your prompt consideration of this request would be greatly appreciated.
Yours faithfully
Code of experimental ethics and practice
Contributors are required to follow the procedures in force in their countries which govern the ethics of work done with human or animal subjects. The Code of Ethics of the World Medical Association (Declaration of Helsinki) represents a minimal requirement.
When experimental animals are used, state the species, strain, number used, and other pertinent descriptive characteristics.
For human participants in a research survey, secure the consent for data and other material - verbatim quotations from interviews, etc. - to be used.
When describing surgical procedures on animals, identify the pre anaesthetic and anaesthetic agents used and state the amount of concentration and the route and frequency of administration for each. The use of paralytic agents, such as curare or succinylcholine, is not an acceptable substitute for anaesthetics. For other invasive procedures on animals, report the analgesic or tranquilizing drugs used; if none were used, provide justification for such exclusion.
When reporting studies on unanaesthetized animals or on humans, indicate that the procedures followed were in accordance with institutional guidelines.
Specific permission for facial photographs of patients is required. A letter of consent must accompany the photographs of patients in which a possibility of identification exists. It is not sufficient to cover the eyes to mask identity.
Structured Abstracts
In common with a number of other leading scientific journals, we now require abstracts of papers to be set out in a structured form using the following headings:
Purpose: indicate the aim of the work in one or two sentences
Materials and methods: briefly describe the experimental system and procedures used
Results: describe the observations
Conclusions: indicate the conclusion of the paper in one or two sentences
For review papers and papers dealing with theoretical topics it may be necessary to adapt these headings, but they should be followed as far as possible.
Length: abstracts should not exceed 200 words
Notes on style
All authors are asked to take account of the diverse audience of International Journal of Radiation Biology. Clearly explain or avoid the use of terms that might be meaningful only to a local or national audience. However, note also that International Journal of Radiation Biology does not aspire to be international in the ways that McDonald's restaurants or Hilton Hotels are international; we much prefer papers that, where appropriate, reflect the particularities of each social and cultural system.
Some specific points of style for the text of articles, research reports, case studies, reports, essay reviews, and reviews follow:
1. We prefer US to 'American', USA to 'United States', and UK to 'United Kingdom'.
2. We accent both British & US spelling.
3. Single 'quotes' are used for quotations rather than double "quotes", unless the 'quote is "within" another quote'.
4. Punctuation should follow the British style, e.g. 'quotes precede punctuation'
5. Punctuation of common abbreviations should follow the following conventions: e.g. i.e. cf. Note that such abbreviations are not followed by a comma or a (double) point/period.
6. Dashes (M-dash) should be clearly indicated in manuscripts by way of either a clear dash ( - ) or a double hyphen (- -).
7. We are sparing in our use of the upper case in headings and references, e.g. only the first word in paper titles and all subheads is in upper case; titles of papers from journals in the references and other places are not in upper case.
8. Apostrophes should be used sparingly. Thus, decades should be referred to as follows: 'The 1980s [not the 1980's] saw ...'. Possessives associated with acronyms (e.g. PA), should be written as follows: 'The APU's findings that ...', but, NB, the plural is APUs.
9. The preferred local (national) usage for ethnic and other minorities should be used in all papers. For the USA, 'African-American', 'Hispanic' and 'Native American' are used, e.g. 'The African American presidential candidate, Jesse Jackson...'; for the UK, 'Afro-Caribbean' (not 'West Indian'), etc.
10. Material to be emphasized (italicized in the printed version) should be underlined in the typescript rather than italicized. Please use such emphasis sparingly.
Mathematics
Special care should be taken with mathematical scripts, especially subscripts and superscripts and differentiation between the letter 'ell' and the figure one, and the letter 'oh 'and the figure zero. If your keyboard does not have the characters you need, it is preferable to use longhand, in which case it is important to differentiate between capital and small letters, K, k and x and other similar groups of letters. Special symbols should be highlighted in the text and explained in the margin. In some cases it is helpful to supply annotated lists of symbols for the guidance of the sub-editor and the typesetter, and/or a 'Nomenclature' section preceding the 'Introduction'.
For simple fractions in the text, the solidus / should be used instead of a horizontal line, care being taken to insert parentheses where necessary to avoid ambiguity, for example, I /(n-1). Exceptions are the proper fractions available as single type on a keyboard. Full formulae or equations should be displayed, that is, written on a separate line. Horizontal lines are preferable to solidi, for example:
61+ 5h +q
3n + 3yz2
But: a/b + c/d + a/d
P = (a2+ b2)(c2 + d2)
The solidus is not generally used for units: ms - 1 not m/s, but note electrons/s, counts/channel, etc.
Displayed equations referred to in the text should be numbered serially (1, 2, etc.) on the right hand side of the page. Short expressions not referred to by any number will usually be incorporated in the text.
Symbols should not be underlined to indicate fonts except for tensors, vectors and matrices, which are indicated with a wavy line in the manuscript (not with a straight arrow or arrow above) and rendered in heavy type in print: upright sans serif r (tensor), sloping serif r (vector) upright serif r (matrix).
Typographical requirements must be clearly indicated at their first occurrence, e.g. Greek, Roman, script, sans serif, bold, italic. Authors will be charged for corrections at proof stage resulting from a failure to do so.
Braces, brackets and parentheses are used in the order {[( )]}, except where mathematical convention dictates otherwise (i.e. square brackets for commutators and anticommutators)
Citations in text
1. 'Ibid.' (and the like) are not used when repeating citations. Simply repeat the original citation verbatim, e.g. (Orwell 1945).
2. Citations should be included in prefatory material to quotes (wherever possible) rather than placing them at the end. Thus, for example, 'Orwell (1945: 23) reduces the principles of animalism to seven commandments, namely, ...' is preferred to 'Orwell reduced the principles of animalism to seven commandments, namely, ... (Orwell 1945: 23)'.
3. Multiple citations within parentheses should be divided by a comma, not a semi-colon, and there should be no use of '&' within such multiple references. References to works published in the same year should be cited as, e.g. (Smith 1991a, b).
4. Multiple citations within a text should be ordered by date, not alphabetically by authors name, e.g. (Smith 1902, Jones and Bower 1934, Brown 1955, 1958a, b, Green 1995).
5. 'et al.' may be used in references within the text when a paper or book has three or more authors, but note that all names should be given in the reference itself.
6. Page spans in references should be given in full, e.g. 'Sedgewick (1935: 102-103; emphasis added) outlines them as follows:'.
Notes on tables and figures
1. Tables and figures should be valuable, relevant, and visually attractive. Tables and figures must be referred to in the text and numbered in order of their appearance. Each table and figure should have a complete, descriptive title; and each table column an appropriate heading. Tables and figures should be referred to in text as follows: figure 1, table 1, i.e. lower case. 'As seen in table [or figure] 1 ...' (not Tab., fig. or Fig).
2. The place at which a table or figure is to be inserted in the printed text should be indicated clearly on a manuscript:
[Insert table 2 about here ]
3. Each table and/or figure must have a title that explains its purpose without reference to the text.
4. All figures and tables must be on separate sheets and not embedded in the text. Original copies of figures should be supplied. All figures should allow for reduction to column width (130 mm) or page width (160mm). Please avoid figures that would require landscape reproduction, i.e., reading from bottom to top of the page. Photographs may be sent as glossy prints or negatives.
Please number each figure on the reverse in pencil.
Do not type the caption to a figure on that figure; the legends to any illustrations must be typed separately following the main text and should be grouped together.
Acknowledgements
Any acknowledgements authors wish to make should be included in a separate headed section at the end of the manuscript.
References
International Journal of Radiation Biology uses the following conventions for references: The reference list should be in alphabetical order and not numbered.
1. Reference to a book:
VON SONNTAG, C., 1987, The Chemical Basis of Radiation Biology (London: Taylor & Francis)
2. Reference to a chapter in a book:
BECCIOLINI, A., 1987, Relative radiosensitivities of the small and large intestine. In Advances in Radiaion Biology, edited by J. P. Lett and K. I. Altman (Orlando, FL: Academic Press), pp. 83-128
3. Reference to an article in a journal:
DE MIGUEL, E., GOMEZ DE SEGURA, I. A., BONET, H., RODRIGUEZ MONTES, J. A. AND MATA, A., 1994, Trophic effects of neurotensin in massive bowel resection in the rat. Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 39, 59-64.
4. Proceedings, technical reports and unpublished literature
KINGSBURY, F. B., 1923, The synthesis and excretion of hippuric acid: the glycine factor. Proceedings of the Society of Experimental Biology and Medicine, 20, 405-408.
OGAWA, T., NAKASHIMA, Y., NAKASATO, A., KUMAZAWA, Y., KAWASE, M., TSUCHIDA, K., and SOTA, K., 1987, Synthesis and antihypertensive effect of the metabolises of 2,6-dimethyl 4-(3- nitrophenyl)-1, 4-dihydropyridine-3, 5-dicarboxylic acid 3-(2-nitroxypropyl) ester 5-(3-ni-troxypropyl) ester (CD-349). Presented at the Japanese-United States Congress of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2-7 December, Honolulu, Hawaii.
COXON, A.P.M., 1986, Homosexual sexual behaviour, Project SIGMA Working Paper No. 9, Social Research Unit, University College Cardiff.
5. Reference to a newspaper or magazine
RICHARDS, H., 1996, Republican lite? The Times Higher Education Supplement, 1 November, 16.
6. Reference to an Internet source
Give the Universal Resource Locator in full: http://acsinfo.acs.org/instruct/instruct.html
7. Reference to a personal communication
BRANNEN, J., 1996, Personal communication.
刊名字顺( Alphabetical List of Journals):
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