期刊名称：ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
 期刊简介(About the journal)
投稿须知(Instructions to Authors)
编辑部信息(Editorial Board)
About the journal
Animal Feed Science and Technology is a unique journal publishing scientific papers of international interest that deal with the production, composition and nutritive value of animal feeds.
Papers describing research on feed for ruminants, non-ruminants including poultry, horses, companion animals, and aquatic animals, are welcome.
The journal covers the following areas:
- Nutritive value of feeds (e.g. assessment, improvement)
- Methods of conserving, processing and manufacturing feeds
- Utilization of feeds and the improvement of such
- Environmental effects of feeds (e.g. resultant toxicity of animal products for humans, re-cycling)
- Mathematical models relating directly to animal-plant interactions
- Metabolic and production responses to dietary inputs
- Analytical and experimental methods
Instructions to Authors
Types of contribution
1. Original Research Papers (Regular Papers)
2. Review Articles
3. Short Communications
4. Research Notes
5. Book Reviews
Original Research Papers should report the results of original research. The material should not have been previously published elsewhere, except in a preliminary form.
Review Articles should cover subjects falling within the scope of the journal which are of active current interest.
A Short Communication is a concise but complete description of a limited investigation, which will not be included in a later paper. Short Communications should be as completely documented, both by reference to the literature and description of the experimental procedures employed, as a regular paper. They should not occupy more than six printed pages (about 12 manuscript pages, including figures, tables and references).
Research Notes are intended to be brief and concise reports of important findings that merit rapid publication. They will receive special consideration for publication and therefore should be submitted directly to one of the Editors-in-Chief. Research Notes must describe completed experiments and should not consist of preliminary or progress reports. They should be limited to four printed pages (about eight manuscript pages), including illustrative material (one table or one figure). The usual headings, Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results etc. may be omitted, or combined. The maximum number of references should be ten. Manuscripts should contain an Abstract of not more than 200 words.
Book Reviews will be included in the journal on a range of relevant books which are not more than two years old. Book reviews will be solicited by the Book Review Editor. Unsolicited reviews will not usually be accepted, but suggestions for appropriate books for review may be sent to the Book Review Editor:
G. Flachowsky
Federal Research Centre of Agriculture
Institute of Animal Nutrition
Bundesallee 50
D - 38116 Braunschweig
Germany
Submission of manuscripts
Submission of an article is understood to imply that the article is original and is not being considered for publication elsewhere. Submission also implies that all authors have approved the paper for release and are in agreement with its content. Upon acceptance of the article by the journal, the author(s) will be asked to transfer the copyright of the article to the Publisher. This transfer will ensure the widest possible dissemination of information.
Circumstances relating to animal experimentation must meet the International Guiding Principles for Biomedical Research Involving Animals as issued by the Council for the International Organizations of Medical Sciences. These are obtainable from: Executive Secretary C.I.O.M.S., c/o WHO, Via Appia, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland, or at the following URL: http://www.cioms.ch/frame_1985_texts_of_guidelines.htm. Unnecessary cruelty in animal experimentation is not acceptable to the Editors of Animal Feed Science and Technology.
Papers for consideration should be submitted to:
The Editorial Office of Animal Feed Science and Technology
P.O. Box 181
1000 AD Amsterdam
The Netherlands
Fax: (+31) 20 485 3754
E-mail: AGRI-EO-F@ELSEVIER.NL
Electronic manuscripts
Electronic manuscripts have the advantage that there is no need for the re-keying of text, thereby avoiding the possibility of introducing errors and resulting in reliable and fast delivery of proofs.
For the initial submission of manuscripts for consideration, hardcopies are sufficient. For the processing of accepted papers, electronic versions are preferred. Upon final acceptance, your disk plus two, final and exactly matching printed versions should be submitted together. Double density (DD) or high-density (HD) diskettes (3.5 or 5.25 inch) are acceptable. It is important that the file saved is in the native format of the word processor program used. Label the disk with the name of the computer and word processing package used, your name, and the name of the file on the disk. Further information may be obtained from the Publisher.
Preparation of manuscripts
1. Manuscripts should be written in English. Authors whose native language is not English are strongly advised to have their manuscripts checked by an English-speaking colleague prior to submission. Manuscripts that do not conform to standard English style, usage and grammar will be returned to authors for modification prior to scientific review.
Authors in Japan please note: Upon request, Elsevier Japan will provide authors with a list of people who can check and improve the English of their paper (before submission). Please contact our Tokyo office: Elsevier Japan, 1-9-15, Higashi-Azabu, Minato-ku, Tokyo 106-0044, Japan; Tel.: (+81) 3-5561-5032; Fax: (+81) 3-5561-5045; e-mail: info@elsevier.co.jp.
2. Submit the original and two copies of your manuscript. Enclose the original illustrations and two sets of photocopies (three prints of any photographs).
3. Manuscripts should be typewritten, typed on one side of the paper with numbered lines, with wide margins and double spacing throughout, i.e. also for abstracts, footnotes and references. Every page of the manuscript, including the title page, references, tables, etc., should be numbered. However, in the text no reference should be made to page numbers; if necessary, one may refer to sections. Avoid excessive usage of italics to emphasize part of the text.
4. Manuscripts in general should be organized in the following order: Title (should be clear, descriptive, not too long and mention the animal(s) studied if appropriate.)
Name(s) of author(s)
Complete postal address(es) of affiliations
Full telephone and fax numbers, e-mail address of the corresponding author
Present address(es) of author(s) if applicable
Complete correspondence address (including e-mail address) to which the proofs should be sent
Abstract
Keywords (indexing terms), normally 3-6 items. Please refer to the cumulative indexes (Vol. 100, nos 3-4).
Abbreviations and/or acronyms
Introduction
Material studied, area descriptions, methods, techniques
Results
Discussion
Conclusion
Acknowledgements and any additional information concerning research grants, etc.
References
Tables
Figure captions
5. If reference is made to AOAC, ISO or similar analytical procedure(s), the specific procedure indentification number(s) must be cited. A number of references for neutral and acid detergent fibre (NDF, ADF) assays exist, and an alternative reference to the now out-of-print USDA Agriculture Handbook 379 must be used. There are many options for NDF and ADF assays (e.g. sodium sulfite, alpha amylase, residual ash), which must be specified in the text.
6. In typing the manuscript, titles and subtitles should not be run within the text. They should be typed on a separate line, without indentation. Use lower-case lettertype.
7. SI or SI-derived units should be used throughout (e.g. MJ and not Kcal for energy concentrations). Concentrations should be expressed on a 'per kg' basis (w/w); however, w/v, v/v, mol/mol or M may be accepted depending on the circumstances. In addition, 'units' and 'equivalents' are acceptable. Normality should be avoided, as it may be ambiguous for certain acids. If analytical standards have been used, they should be specified by name (e.g. yeast RNA) and form (e.g. lactose monohydrate). Percents should only be used when describing a relative increase or decrease in a response. Proportions should be maximum 1.0 or  1.0.
Digestibility/metabolisability and degradability should always be expressed as a coefficient (not %), and the content of, for example, the digestible component should be expressed as g/kg: thus, the coefficient of digestibility of dry matter is 0.8, while the content of digestible dry matter is 800g/kg. A distinction between true and apparent digestibility should be made, as well as between, faecal and ileal (e.g. coefficient of total tract apparent digestibility - CTTAD). The terms 'availability' and 'bioavailability' should be avoided.
8. All abbreviations/acronyms used in a manuscript must be explained in full when first used in the Abstract, and again when first used in the body of a manuscript. In addition, a separate list of abbreviations/acronyms used should follow the list of keywords. Authors should try to restrict the used of abbreviations/acronyms to the most commonly used terms.
9. If a special instruction to the copy editor or typesetter is written on the copy it should be encircled. The typesetter will then know that the enclosed matter is not to be set in type. When a typewritten character may have more than one meaning (e.g. the lower case letter l may be confused with the numeral 1), a note should be inserted in a circle in the margin to make the meaning clear to the typesetter. If Greek letters or uncommon symbols are used in the manuscript, they should be written very clearly, and if necessary a note such as "Greek lower-case chi" should be put in the margin and encircled.
10. Elsevier reserves the privilege of returning to the author for revision accepted manuscripts and illustrations which are not in the proper form given in this guide.
11. Manuscripts describing the use of commercial feed products are welcome, but should include the following information: major components, contents of active ingredients (for example enzyme activities). The Editors reserve the right to reject any manuscript employing such products, wherein this information is not disclosed.
Abstracts
The abstract should clear, descriptive and not longer than 400 words. It should contain the following specific information: purpose of study; experimental treatments used; results obtained, preferably with quantitative data; significance of findings; conclusions; implications of results if appropriate.
Tables
1. Authors should take notice of the limitations set by the size and lay-out of the journal. Large tables should be avoided. Reversing columns and rows will often reduce the dimensions of a table.
2. If many data are to be presented, an attempt should be made to divide them over two more tables.
3. Drawn tables, from which prints need to be made, should not be folded.
4. Tables should be numbered according to their sequence in the text. The text should include references to all tables.
5. Each table should be typewritten a separate page of the manuscript. Tables should never be included in the text.
6. Each table must have a brief and self-explanatory title, and should be fully understandable without reference to the text.
7. Column headings should be brief, but sufficiently explanatory. Standard abbreviations of units of measurement should be added between parentheses.
8. Vertical lines should not be used to separate columns. Leave some extra space between the columns instead.
9. Any explanation essential the understanding of the table should be given as a footnote at the bottom of the table.
Illustrations
1. All illustrations (line drawings and photographs) should be submitted separately, unmounted and not folded.
2. Illustrations should numbered according to their sequence in the text. References should be made in the text to each illustration.
3. Each illustration should be identified on the reverse side (or - in the case of line drawings - on the lower front side) by its number and the name of the first author. An indication of the top of the illustrations is required in photographs of profiles, thin sections, and other cases where doubt can arise.
4. Illustrations should be designed with the format of the page of the journal in mind. Illustrations should be of such a size as to allow a reduction of 50%.
5. Lettering should be in Indian ink or by printed labels. Make sure that the size of the lettering is big enough to allow a reduction of 50% without becoming illegible. The lettering should be in English. Use the same kind of lettering throughout and follow the style of the journal.
6. If a scale should be given, use bar scales on all illustrations instead of numerical scales that must be changed with reduction.
7. Each illustration should have a caption. The captions to all illustrations should be typed on a separate sheet of the manuscript.
8. Explanations should be given in the typewritten legend. Drawn text in the illustrations should be kept to a minimum.
9. Photographs are only acceptable if they have good contrast and intensity. Sharp and glossy copies are required. Reproductions of photographs already printed cannot be accepted.
10. Colour illustrations can only be included if the cost of their reproduction is paid for by the author.
11. Advice on the preparation of illustrations can be found at the following URL: http://www.authors.elsevier.com/artwork
Preparation of supplementary data. Elsevier now accepts electronic supplementary material to support and enhance your scientific research. Supplementary files offer the author additional possibilities to publish supporting applications, movies, animation sequences, high-resolution images, background datasets, sound clips and more. Supplementary files supplied will be published online alongside the electronic version of your article in Elsevier web products, including ScienceDirect: http://www.sciencedirect.com. In order to ensure that your submitted material is directly usable, please ensure that data is provided in one of our recommended file formats. Authors should submit the material in electronic format together with the article and supply a concise and descriptive caption for each file. For more detailed instructions please visit the journal's home page and click on the left-hand side link to the Author Gateway.
References
1. All publications cited in the text should be presented in a list of references following the text of the manuscript. The manuscript should be carefully checked to ensure that the spelling of authors' names and dates are exactly the same in the text as in the reference list. The accuracy of the references is the responsibility of the author(s).
2. In the text refer to the author's name (without initial) and year of publication, followed - if necessary - by a short reference to appropriate pages. Examples: "Since Peterson (1988) has shown that..." "This is in agreement with results obtained later (Kramer, 1989, pp. 12-16)".
3. If reference is made in the text to a publication written by more than two authors, the name of the first author should be used followed by "et al.". This indication, however, should never be used in the list of references. In this list names of first author and co-authors should be mentioned.
4. References cited together in the text should be arranged chronologically. The list of references should be arranged alphabetically on authors' names, and chronologically per author. If an author's name in the list is also mentioned with co-authors the following order should be used: publications of the single author, arranged according to publication dates - publications of the same author with one co-author - publications of the author with more than one co-author. Publications by the same author(s) in the same year should be listed as 2001a, 2001b, etc.
5. Use the following system for arranging your references:
a. For periodicals
Fondevila, M., Nogueira-Filho, J.C.M., Barrios-Urdaneta, A., 2002. In vitro microbial fermentation and protein utilisation of tropical forage legumes grown during the dry season. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 95, 1-14.
b. For edited symposia, special issues, etc. published in a periodical
Schofield, P., Mbugua, D.M., Pell, A.N., 2001. Analysis of condensed tannins: a review. In: A.N. Pell, R.I. Mackie, I. Mueller-Harvey, L.R. Ndlovu (Eds), Tannins: Analysis and Biological Effects in Ruminant Feeds. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 91, 21-40.
c. For books
Gaugh, Jr., H.G.,1992. Statistical Analysis of Regional Yield Trials. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
d. For multi-author books
Van Zutphen, L.F.M., Hedrich, H.J., van Lith, H.A., Prins, J.B., 2001. Genetic standardization. In: Van Zutphen, L.F.M., Baumans, V., Beynen, A.C. (Eds), Principles of Laboratory Animal Science. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp.129-147.
6. Abbreviate the titles of periodicals mentioned in the list of references in accordance with BIOSIS Serial Sources, published annually by BIOSIS. The correct abbreviation for this journal is Anim. Feed Sci. Technol.
7. In the case of publications in any language other than English, the original title is to be retained. However, the titles of publications in non-Latin alphabets should be transliterated, and a notation such as "(in Russian)" or "(in Greek, with English abstract)" should be added.
8. Work accepted for publication but not yet published should be referred to as "in press".
9. References concerning unpublished data and "personal communications" should not be cited in the reference list but may be mentioned in the text.
Formulae
1. Formulae should be typewritten, if possible. Leave ample space around the formulae.
2. Subscripts and superscripts should be clear.
3. Greek letters and other non-Latin or handwritten symbols should be explained in the margin where they are first used. Take special care to show clearly the difference between zero (0) and the letter O, and between one (1) and the letter l.
4. Give the meaning of all symbols immediately after the equation in which they are first used.
5. For simple fractions use the solidus (/) instead of a horizontal line.
6. Equations should be numbered serially at the right-hand side in parentheses. In general only equations explicitly referred to in the text need be numbered.
7. The use of fractional powers instead of root signs is recommended. Also powers of e are often more conveniently denoted by exp.
8. In chemical formulae, valence of ions should be given as, e.g. Ca2+, not as Ca++.
9. Isotope numbers should precede the symbols e.g. 18O.
10. The repeated writing of chemical formulae in the text is to be avoided where reasonably possible; instead, the name of the compound should be given in full. Exceptions may be made in the case of a very long name occurring very frequently or in the case of a compound being described as the end product of a gravimetric determination (e.g. phosphate as P2O5).
Footnotes
1. Footnotes should only be used if absolutely essential. In most cases it should be possible to incorporate the information into the normal text.
2. If used, they should be numbered in the text, indicated by superscript numbers, and kept as short as possible.
Nomenclature
1. Authors and editors are, by general agreement, obliged to accept the rules governing biological nomenclature, as laid down in the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature, the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria, and the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.
2. All biotica (crops, plants, insects, birds, mammals, etc.) should be identified by their scientific names when the English term is first used, with the exception of common domestic animals.
3. All biocides and other organic compounds must be identified by their Geneva names when first used in the text. Active ingredients of all formulations should be likewise identified.
4. For chemical nomenclature, the conventions of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry and the official recommendations of the IUPAC-IUB Combined Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature should be followed.
Copyright
1. Authors, when quoting from someone else's work or when considering reproducing an illustration or table from a book or journal article, should make sure that they are not infringing a copyright.
2. Although in general authors may quote from other published works, they should obtain permission from the holder of the copyright if they wish to make substantial extracts or to reproduce tables, plates, or other illustrations. If the copyright-holder is not the author of the quoted or reproduced material, it is recommended that the permission of the author should also be sought.
3. Material in unpublished letters and manuscripts is also protected and must not be published unless permission has been obtained.
4. A suitable acknowledgement of any borrowed material must always be made.
Proofs
One set of proofs will be sent by e-mail to the corresponding author as given on the title page of the manuscript. Only typesetter's errors may be corrected; no changes in, or additions to, the edited manuscript will be allowed.
Elsevier will do everything possible to get your article corrected and published as quickly and accurately as possible. Therefore, it is important to ensure that all of your corrections are sent back to us in one communication. Subsequent corrections will not be possible, so please ensure your first sending is complete.
Author Services
Enquiries concerning manuscripts and proofs: questions arising after acceptance of the manuscript, especially those relating to proofs, should be directed to Elsevier Ireland, Elsevier House, Brookvale Plaza, East Park, Shannon, Co. Clare, Ireland, Tel.: (+353) 61 709600, Fax: (+353) 61 709111/113.
Authors can also keep a track of the progress of their accepted article, and set up e-mail alerts informing them of changes to their manuscript's status, by using the "Track a Paper" feature of Elsevier's Author Gateway. For privacy, information on each article is password-protected. The author should key in the "Our Reference" code (which is in the letter of acknowledgement sent by the Publisher on receipt of the accepted article) and the name of the corresponding author.
Offprints
1. Twenty-five offprints will be supplied free of charge (100 for Review Articles).
2. Additional offprints can be ordered on an offprint order form, which is included with the proofs.
3. UNESCO coupons are acceptable in payment of extra offprints.
Animal Feed Science and Technology has no page charges
Editorial Board
Editors-in-Chief:
P.H. Robinson
Dairy & Nutrition, Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616-8521, USA
P. Udén, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Box 7024, S-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
J. Wiseman, University of Nottingham, Department of Agriculture and Horticulture, Sutton Bonnington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK
Book Review Editor:
G. Flachowsky, Braunschweig, Germany
Editorial Advisory Board:
A. Aumaitre, St. Gilles, France
D. Ben-Ghedalia, Bet Dagan, Israel
J.R. Brethour, Hays, KS, USA
G. Broderick, Wisconsin, USA
L. Campbell, Saskaton, Canada
J.W. Cone, Lelystad, The Netherlands
J. Craigon, Nottingham, UK
D.L. De Brabander, Melle-Gontrode, Belgium
R. Dixon, Rockhampton, Australia
M. Drew, Saskatchewan, Canada
L. Erasmus, Pretoria, South Africa
E. Evans, Ontario, Canada
J.G. Fadel, Davis, CA, USA
G. Getachew, Davis, CA, USA
J.D.F. Greenhalgh, Conwy, UK
H. Khalili, Jokioinen, Finland
K.E.B. Knudsen, Tjele, Denmark
J. Kowalczyk, Jablonna, Poland
U. Krishnamoorthy, Bangalore, India
G.G. Mateos, Madrid, Spain
F. Meschy, Paris, France
A.R. Moss, Stratford upon Avon, U.K.
B.N. Nagorcka, Canberra, Australia
L.R. Ndlovu, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe
Y. Nys, Nouzilly, France
D.L. Palmquist, Wooster, OH, USA
A. Pell, Ithaca, NY, USA
G. Pichard, Santiago, Chile
J. Pluske, Murdoch, WA, USA
C. Rymer, Reading, UK
K.-H. Südekum, Kiel, Germany
R. Shaver, Madison, WI, USA
M. Spanghero, Pagnacco (UD), Italy
B. Svihus, Ås, Norway
S. Tamminga, Wageningen, The Netherlands
L.S. Thiago, Campo Grande, Brazil
M.W.A. Verstegen, Wageningen, The Netherlands
H. Volden, Ås, Norway
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