A submitted manuscript is received with the understanding that it is an original contribution not previously published (except as an abstract or preliminary report), that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, and that, if accepted, it will not be published elsewhere in similar form, in any language, without the consent of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Each person listed as an author is expected to have participated in the study to a significant extent. Although the editors and referees make every effort to ensure the validity of published manuscripts, the final responsibility rests with the authors, not with the Journal, its editors or the publisher.
Patient anonymity and informed consent: It is the author’s responsibility to ensure that a patient’s anonymity be carefully protected and to verify that any experimental investigation with human subjects reported in the manuscript was performed with informed consent and following all the guidelines for experimental investigation with human subjects required by the institution(s) with which all the authors are affiliated. Unless written consent is obtained and submitted with the manuscript, eyes should be masked and names should be removed from figures.
Copyright: A copy of the Journal’s “Authorship Responsibility, Financial Disclosure, and Copyright Transfer?form must be signed by all authors and submitted with the manuscript to The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 530 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19106, U.S.A.
Permissions: Authors must submit written permission from the copyright owner (usually the publisher) to use direct quotations, tables, or illustrations that have appeared in copyrighted form elsewhere, along with complete details about the source. Any permissions fees that might be required by the copyright owner are the responsibility of the authors requesting use of the borrowed material, not the responsibility of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Preparation of ManuscriptManuscripts that do not adhere to the following instructions will be returned to the corresponding author for technical revision before undergoing peer review.
General format: Manuscripts should be submitted in English in triplicate (one original and two copies) and printed on standard 8?x 11-inch (21 x 28-cm) paper with at least a 1-inch (2.5 cm) margin on all sides. All copy including legends, footnotes, tables, and references should be double-spaced and printed on one side of the sheet only. Materials prepared on a word processor computer should be printed with a letter-quality printer. On acceptance for publication, a disk containing the final accepted version of the manuscript will be requested. A disk should not be submitted until a manuscript has been accepted for publication.
Title page: The title page should contain (a) complete manuscript title; (b) authors' full names, highest academic degrees, and affiliations; (c) name and address for correspondence, including fax number, telephone number, and e-mail address; (d) address for reprints if different from that of corresponding author; and (e) sources of support that require acknowledgment.
Unstructured abstract and key words: Limit the abstract to 200 words. It must be factual and comprehensive. Limit the use of abbreviations and acronyms, and avoid general statements (eg, “the significance of the results is discussed?. List three to five key words or phrases.
Text: Abbreviations must be defined at first mention in text and in each table and figure. If a brand name is cited, manufacturer and address (city and state/country) should be supplied. All forms of support, including pharmaceutical industry support, must be acknowledged in the Acknowledgment section.
Abbreviations: For a list of standard abbreviations, consult the Council of Biology Editors Style Guide (available from the Council of Science Editors, 9650 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20814) or other standard sources. The full term for which an abbreviation stands should precede its first use unless it is a standard unit of measure.
References: The authors are responsible for the accuracy of the references. References should be typed (double-spaced) at the end of the manuscript. They should be cited in the text in the order of appearance. Unpublished data (papers submitted but not yet accepted for publication, personal communications) should be cited parenthetically in text. If there are more than three authors, references should contain the names of the first three authors and be followed by et al. For abbreviations of journal names, refer to List of Journals Indexed in Index Medicus. This can be accessed at
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/tsd/serials/lji.html. Sample references are given below:
Journal article1. Mollo F, Cravello M, Andreozzi A, et al. Asbestos body burden in decomposed human lungs. Am J Forensic Med Pathol 2000;21:148-50.
Book chapter1. Todd VR. Visual information analysis: frame of reference for visual perception. In: Kramer P, Hinojosa J. eds. Frames of reference for pediatric occupational therapy. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1999:205-256.
Entire book2. Kellman RM, Marentette LJ. Atlas of craniomaxillofacial fixation. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1999.
Software3. Epi Info [computer program]. Version 6. Atlanta: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 1994.
Online journals4. Friedman SA. Preeclampsia: a review of the role of prostaglandins. Obstet Gynecol [serial online]. January 1988;71:22-37. Available from: BRS Information Technologies, McLean, VA. Accessed December 15, 1990.
Database5. CANCERNET-PDQ [database online]. Bethesda, MD: National Cancer Institute; 1996. Updated March 29, 1996.
World Wide Web6. Gostin LO. Drug use and HIV/AIDS [JAMA HIV/AIDS web site]. June 1, 1996. Available at: http://www.ama-assn.org/special/hiv/ethics. Accessed June 26, 1997.
URL (uniform resource locator)8. (J. M. Kramer, K. Kramer [jmkramer@umich.edu], e-mail, March 6, 1996).
Figures: Figures must be cited consecutively in the text and numbered in the order in which they are discussed. The first author's last name, the figure number and figure part (1A, 1B, 1C), and an arrow to indicate the top edge of the figure should be on a label pasted to or written on the back of each figure. All artwork should be submitted in triplicate in camera-ready form; illustrations should be glossy prints or high-quality, laser-printed illustrations. Photocopies are unacceptable. Lettering should be large enough that it will remain legible after figure reduction; typewritten or unprofessional lettering is unacceptable. Figure parts (A, B, C) may be left unlabeled (but clearly marked on back) for professional placement by the Journal's printer.
Figure legends: Legends should be brief and specific, and they should appear after the references. Use of scale markers in the image is suggested for electron micrographs, and the type of stain used should be indicated.
Color figures: Color figures that will enhance the article may be submitted for publication. Author costs will be estimated on an individual basis. Authors will be offered the alternative of black-and-white conversion at no charge if they choose not to pursue color reproduction.
Digital figures: Electronic art should be created/scanned and saved and submitted as either a TIFF (tagged image file format), an EPS (encapsulated postscript) file, or a PPT (Power Point) file. Line art must have a resolution of at least 1200 dpi (dots per inch), and electronic photographs–radiographs, CT scans, and so on–and scanned images must have a resolution of at least 300 dpi. If fonts are used in the artwork, they must be converted to paths or outlines or they must be embedded in the files. Color images must be created/scanned and saved and submitted as CMYK files. All electronic art must be accompanied by high-resolution laser prints of the images. Files can be submitted on a 3?inch high-density disk, a CD-ROM, or an Iomega Zip disk. Please note that artwork generated from office suite programs such Corel Draw and MS Word and artwork downloaded from the Internet (JPEG or GIFF files) cannot be used.
Tables: Like figures, tables should be cited consecutively in the text and numbered in that order. Each should be typed on a separate sheet and must include the table title, appropriate column heads, and explanatory legends (including definitions of any abbreviations used). Tables should not be embedded within the body of the manuscript. They should be self-explanatory and should supplement, rather than duplicate, the material in the text.
Style: In general, style should be patterned after the American Medical Association Manual of Style (9th edition). Stedman's Medical Dictionary (27th edition) and Merriam Webster's Collegiate Dictionary (10th edition) should be used as standard references. Drugs and therapeutic agents should be referred to by their accepted generic or chemical names. The name should not be abbreviated. Code numbers should be used only when a generic name is not yet available. In that case, the chemical name and a figure giving the chemical structure of the drug is required. Copyright or trade names of drugs should be capitalized and placed in parentheses after the name of the drug. Names and locations (city and state in USA; city and country outside USA) of manufacturers of drugs, supplies, or equipment cited in a manuscript are required to comply with trademark law and should be provided in parentheses. Units of measure should be expressed in the metric system, and temperatures should be expressed in degrees Celsius. Conventional units should be written as SI units as appropriate.
Address for manuscript submission: Send the manuscript with a cover letter that includes the corresponding authors e-mail address to The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 530 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19106, U.S.A. Telephone: 215-521-8470. Fax: 215-521-8488. Similarly, address all inquiries regarding manuscripts not yet accepted or published to this office.
After Acceptance Disk submission: Authors must submit an electronic version of the final accepted manuscript along with a printout of the final accepted manuscript. Electronic files should be submitted in a standard word processing format; Microsoft Word (or Corel WordPerfect) is preferred. Although conversions can be made from other word processing formats, the vagaries of the conversion process may introduce errors. Do not submit ASCII text files. Do not use automatic numbering or footnotes for references. The Journal does not assume responsibility for errors in the conversion of customized software, newly released software, and special characters. Authors preparing manuscripts on Macintosh computers should not use the Fast Save option. Each submitted disk must be clearly labeled with the name of the author, item title, Journal title, word processing program and version, and file name used. The disk should contain only one file the final version of the accepted manuscript.
Page proofs and corrections: Corresponding authors will receive electronic page proofs to check the copyedited and typeset article before publication. Portable document format (PDF) files of the typeset pages and support documents (eg, reprint order form) will be sent to the corresponding author by e-mail. Complete instructions will be provided with the e-mail for downloading and printing the files and for faxing the corrected page proofs to the publisher. Those authors without an e-mail address will receive traditional page proofs. Changes that have been made to conform to journal style will stand if they do not alter the authors' meaning. Only the most critical changes to the accuracy of the content will be made. Changes that are stylistic or are a reworking of previously accepted material will be disallowed. The publisher reserves the right to deny any changes that do not affect the accuracy of the content.
It is the author’s responsibility to ensure that there are no errors in the proofs. Changes that have been made to conform to Journal style should be allowed to stand if they do not alter the authors' meaning. Authors may be charged for alterations to the proofs beyond those required to correct errors or to answer queries. Proofs must be checked carefully and corrections faxed within 24 to 48 hours of receipt, as requested in the cover letter accompanying the page proofs.
Reprints: Authors will receive a reprint order form and a price list with the page proofs. Fax reprint requests to The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology, Reprint Department, 215-521-8562. Reprints are normally shipped 6 to 8 weeks after publication of the issue in which the item appears. Contact the Reprint Department, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 530 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19106 with any questions.
Publisher’s contact: Fax corrected page proofs and any other related materials to Proof Manager, The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology, 410-691-6235. Color proofs should be returned to Proof Manager, The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology, Cadmus Professional Communications, 940 Elkridge Landing Road, Linthicum, MD 21090.
Manuscript Checklist (before submission) 
刊名字顺( Alphabetical List of Journals):
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