期刊名称：PLOS ONE
 期刊简介(About the journal)
投稿须知(Instructions to Authors)
编辑部信息(Editorial Board)
About the journal
PLoS ONE features reports of original research from all disciplines within science and medicine. By not excluding papers on the basis of subject area, PLoS ONE facilitates the discovery of the connections between papers whether within or between disciplines.
Indexing and Archiving
PLoS ONE is indexed in PubMed, MEDLINE, PubMed Central, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS), EMBASE, AGRICOLA, PsycINFO, Zoological Records, FSTA (Food Science and Technology Abstracts), GeoRef, and RefAware, as well as being searchable via the Web of Knowledge. In addition, PLoS ONE is formally archived via PubMed Central and LOCKSS.
Instructions to Authors
Preparation of Research Manuscripts
PLoS ONE considers manuscripts of any length; we encourage the submission of both substantial full-length bodies of work and shorter manuscripts based on a more limited range of experiments. There are no explicit word, figure, or supporting information restrictions, although we encourage a concise and accessible writing style. Editors may make suggestions for how to achieve this, as well as suggestions for cuts or additions that could be made to the article to strengthen the arguments made. Authors are encouraged to use their own voice and to decide how best to present their ideas, results, and conclusions.
Although we encourage submissions from around the globe, we require that manuscripts be submitted in English. As a step toward overcoming language barriers, we encourage authors fluent in other languages to provide copies of their full articles or abstracts in other languages; these will be made available along with the published paper. Translations should be submitted as supporting information.
Cover Letter
It is important that you include a cover letter with your manuscript. Please explain why this manuscript is suitable for publication in PLoS ONE. How does your paper provide a worthwhile addition to the scientific literature? How does your paper relate to previously published work? Which types of scientists do you believe will be most interested in your study?
Please ensure that your cover letter also includes suggestions for PLoS ONE Academic Editors who would be suitable to consider your submission (view full list of academic editors). Please suggest as many Academic Editors as you like, but note that we cannot guarantee that they will be used.
Electronic Formats
Our publication system supports a limited range of formats for text and graphics. Text files can be submitted in only the following formats: Word, LaTeX, and RTF. Graphics files can only be submitted in the following formats: EPS or TIFF.
If you experience difficulties with the manuscript submission Web site or are concerned about the suitability of your files, please contact the journal (plosone [at] plos.org).
Prior Publication
When submitting their article, all authors are asked to indicate that they have not submitted a related or duplicate manuscript for publication elsewhere. If similar or related work has been submitted elsewhere, then a copy must be included with the article submitted to PLoS. Reviewers will be asked to comment on the overlap between related submissions.
Financial Disclosure
This section should describe sources of funding that have supported the work. Please include relevant grant numbers and the URL of any funder's Web site. Please also include this sentence: "The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript." If this statement is not correct, you must describe the role of any sponsors or funders, and amend the aforementioned sentence as needed.
Author Status
The involvement of any professional medical writer in publication must be declared. We encourage authors to consult the European Medical Writers' Association Guidelines on the role of medical writers. For all PLoS journals, the corresponding author must submit the manuscript, related files, and all required data and information. From the point of submission through to publication, all communication related to that manuscript will be directed to and received from the corresponding author only.
PLoS ONE bases its criteria for authorship on those outlined in the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals, which are summarized below. The contributions of all authors must be described. Contributions that fall short of authorship should be mentioned in the acknowledgements.
"Authorship credit should be based on
substantial contribution to conception and design, or acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of data;
drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content; and
final approval of the version to be published.
Authors should meet conditions 1, 2, and 3.
When a large, multi-center group has conducted the work, the group should identify the individuals who accept direct responsibility for the manuscript (3). These individuals should fully meet the criteria for authorship defined above and editors will ask these individuals to complete journal-specific author and competing interests disclosure forms. When submitting a group author manuscript, the corresponding author should clearly indicate the preferred citation and should clearly identify all individual authors as well as the group name.
Acquisition of funding, collection of data, or general supervision of the research group, alone, does not justify authorship. All persons designated as authors should qualify for authorship, and all those who qualify should be listed. Each author should have participated sufficiently in the work to take public responsibility for appropriate portions of the content."
PLoS journals follow the COPE guidelines covering changes in authorship. Please note that if any changes to the list of authors of a manuscript are necessary after the initial submission of a manuscript to a PLoS journal but before its publication, the corresponding author must first contact the journal staff and provide a clear reason for the change(s). If the change to the authorship list is appropriate and in keeping with the guidelines above, the corresponding author will be asked to provide written confirmation that all other authors listed on the manuscript at that time consent to the change(s). Any individuals who the corresponding author requests to add or remove from the list of authors will be contacted.
Competing Interests
The submitting author is asked at submission to declare, on behalf of all authors, whether there are any financial, personal, or professional interests that could be construed to have influenced the paper. Reviewers are also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a manuscript. Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles. Read more about the policy of PLoS regarding competing interests.
Abbreviations
Please keep abbreviations to a minimum and define them upon first use in the text. Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times in the text.
Figures
For the article to be accepted for publication, the author will need to supply high-resolution versions of the figures. When preparing your figures, please ensure that the files conform to our Guidelines for Figure and Table Preparation. Please do not upload panels for a single figure separately (for example, Figure 1A, Figure 1B-1D, Figure 1E); each figure file should be a single montage of all panels.
Please note that PLoS ONE can only accept figures submitted as either TIFF or EPS files.
PLoS does not accept vector EPS figures generated using LaTeX. We only accept LaTeX generated figures in TIFF format. Export your LaTeX files as PDFs, and then open them in GIMP or Photoshop and save as TIFF. In general, Figures must be generated in a standalone graphics application such as Adobe Illustrator, InkScape, PyMol, MatLab, SAS, etc. Please see our Figure Guidelines for more information.
All figures will be published under a Creative Commons Attribution License, which allows them to be freely used, distributed, and built upon as long as proper attribution is given. Please do not submit any figures that have been previously copyrighted unless you have express written permission from the copyright holder to publish under the CCAL license.
Microsoft Word Files
Microsoft Word article files should be submitted in DOC or RTF format. For technical reasons PLoS cannot accept Word 2007 DOCX files. If you created your manuscript using Word 2007, you must save the document as a Word 2003 file before submission.
Math Equations and Word 2007
If you are using Word 2007 and your manuscript will contain equations, you must follow the instructions below to make sure that your equations will be editable when you save the file as a Word 2003 document. PLoS cannot accept articles containing equations that are not editable in Word 2003.
You can ensure that your equations remain editable in Word 2003 by enabling "Compatibility Mode" before you begin. To do this:
Open a new document.
Save as "Word 97-2003 Document (*.doc)."
Several features of Word 2007 will now be inactive, including the built-in equation editing tool. You can now insert equations in one of two ways:
Go to Insert > Object > Microsoft Equation 3.0 and create the equation.
Use MathType to create the equation. MathType is the recommended method for creating equations.
If, when saving your final document, you see a message saying "Equations will be converted to images". This means that your equations are no longer editable and PLoS will be unable to accept your file.
NOTE: If you have already composed your article in Word 2007 and used its built-in equation editing tool, your equations will become images when the file is saved down to Word 97-2003. You will need to edit your document and insert the equations using one of the two ways specified above.
Organization of the Manuscript
Most articles published in PLoS ONE are organized in one of four fashions:
Title, Authors, Affiliations, Abstract, Introduction, Results, Discussion, Materials and Methods, Acknowledgments, References, Figure Legends, and Tables.
Title, Authors, Affiliations, Abstract, Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, Acknowledgments, References, Figure Legends, and Tables.
Title, Authors, Affiliations, Abstract, Introduction, Analysis, Discussion, Acknowledgments, References, Figure Legends, and Tables.
Title, Authors, Affiliations, Abstract, Introduction, Results, Design and Implementation, Availability and Future Directions, Acknowledgments, References, Figure Legends, and Tables. [NB This template applies most centrally to those manuscripts where new software forms a central part of the submission.]
We advise that abstracts should not exceed 250–300 words. There are no specific length restrictions for the remaining sections of the manuscript; however, we urge authors to present and discuss their findings concisely.
You should include continuous line numbering throughout your manuscript.
Standard Microsoft Word templates are available to help authors prepare their manuscripts. The templates consist of a standard set of headings that make up research articles of various types, with guidance regarding what to include in each section.
Download templates:
Standard Research article
Clinical Research article
Systematic Review / Meta-Analysis article
Clinical Trial article
Research Article Describing New Software
If you would like to submit your manuscript using LaTeX, you must author your article using the PLoS ONE LaTeX template. Articles prepared in LaTeX may be submitted in PDF format for use during the review process. After acceptance, however, .tex files and formatting information will be required as a zipped file. Please consult our LaTeX guidelines for a list of what will be required.
Title (150 characters or fewer)
The title should be specific to the project, yet concise. It should be comprehensible to readers outside your field. Avoid specialist abbreviations, if possible. Titles should be presented in title case, meaning that all words except for prepositions, articles, and conjunctions should be capitalized. Where appropriate authors should ensure the title contains information about the species or model system in which a study has been done (for biological papers) or type of study design (for clinical papers).
Examples:
Impact of Cigarette Smoke Exposure on Innate Immunity: A Caenorhabditis elegans Model
Solar Drinking Water Disinfection (SODIS) to Reduce Childhood Diarrhoea in Rural Bolivia: A Cluster-Randomized, Controlled Trial
During the online submission process, you will also provide a "short title" of 50 characters or fewer.
Authors and Affiliations
Provide the first names or initials (if used), middle names or initials (if used), surnames, and affiliations—department, university or organization, city, state/province (if applicable), and country—for all authors. One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author. It is the corresponding author’s responsibility to ensure that the author list, and the summary of the author contributions to the study are accurate and complete. If the article has been submitted on behalf of a consortium, all author names and affiliations should be listed at the end of the article.
Abstract
The abstract succinctly introduces the paper and should not exceed 300 words. It should mention the techniques used without going into methodological detail and should summarize the most important results. Please do not include any citations in the abstract. Avoid specialist abbreviations if possible.
Registration
Registration details should be included when reporting results of a clinical trial (see "Reporting Clinical Trials" for details). For each location that your trial is registered, please list: name of registry, registry number, and URL of your trial in the registry database.
Introduction
The introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context. As you compose the introduction, think of readers who are not experts in this field. Include a brief review of the key literature. If there are relevant controversies or disagreements in the field, they should be mentioned so that a non-expert reader can delve into these issues further. The introduction should conclude with a brief statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about whether that aim was achieved.
Results
The results section should provide details of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions of the paper. There is no specific word limit for this section. The section may be divided into subsections, each with a concise subheading. Large datasets, including raw data, should be submitted as supporting information files; these are published online alongside the accepted article. We advise that the results section be written in past tense.
Discussion
The discussion should spell out the major conclusions of the work along with some explanation or speculation on the significance of these conclusions. How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions and models in the field? How can future research build on these observations? What are the key experiments that must be done? The discussion should be concise and tightly argued. Conclusions firmly established by the presented data, hypotheses supported by the presented data, and speculations suggested by the presented data should be clearly identified as such. The results and discussion may be combined into one section, if desired.
Materials and Methods
This section should provide enough detail to allow full replication of the study by suitably skilled investigators. Protocols for new methods should be included, but well-established protocols may simply be referenced. We encourage authors to submit, as separate supporting information files, detailed protocols for newer or less well-established methods. These are published online only, but are linked to the article and are fully searchable.
Acknowledgments
People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should be listed in the Acknowledgments, along with their contributions. You must also ensure that anyone named in the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named.
Details of the funding sources that have supported the work should be confined to the funding statement provided in the online submission system. Do not include them in the acknowledgments.
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list. Meetings abstracts, conference talks, or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should not be cited. Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the text only. All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant authors.
Download EndNote output style file for EndNote 8 and above or EndNote 4-7 (right-click the link to download the file to your computer)
Download BibTeX style file (right-click the link to download the file to your computer)
PLoS uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method. References are listed and numbered in the order that they appear in the text. In the text, citations should be indicated by the reference number in brackets. Multiple citations within a single set of brackets should be separated by commas. Where there are three or more sequential citations, they should be given as a range. Example: "... has been shown previously [1,4-6,22]." Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order before ordering the citations.
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they cite, proper formatting of the references is crucial. Please use the following style for the reference list:
Published Papers
1. Sanger F, Nicklen S, Coulson AR (1977) DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 74: 5463-5467.
Please list the first five authors and then add "et al." if there are additional authors. Use of a DOI number to the full-text article is acceptable as an alternative to or in addition to traditional volume and page numbers.
Accepted Papers
Same as above, but "in press" appears instead of the page numbers. Example: Adv Clin Path. In press.
Electronic Journal Articles 1. Loker WM (1996) "Campesinos" and the crisis of modernization in Latin America. Jour Pol Ecol 3. Available: http://www.library.arizona.edu/ej/jpe/volume_3/ascii-lokeriso.txt. Accessed 2006 Aug 11.
Books
1. Bates B (1992) Bargaining for life: A social history of tuberculosis. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. 435 p.
Book Chapters
1. Hansen B (1991) New York City epidemics and history for the public. In: Harden VA, Risse GB, editors. AIDS and the historian. Bethesda: National Institute of Health. pp. 21-28.
Figure Legends
The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure, but the figure should also be discussed in the text. An enlarged version of the figure and its full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online, and it should be possible for a reader to understand the figure without switching back and forth between this window and the relevant parts of the text. Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words. The legend itself should be succinct, while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations. Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods.
Tables
Tables should be included in the text file, at the very end of the manuscript. All tables should have a concise title. Footnotes can be used to explain abbreviations. Citations should be indicated using the same style as outlined above. Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided, if possible. Larger tables can be published as online supporting information. Please ensure that table formatting conforms to our Guidelines for Figure and Table Preparation.
Multimedia Files and Supporting Information
We encourage authors to submit essential supporting files and multimedia files along with their manuscripts. All supporting material will be subject to peer review.
Multimedia files should be smaller than 10 MB in size because of the difficulties that some users will experience in loading or downloading files. See the Figure Guidelines for more detail about our requirements for multimedia files and the file formats we accept.
Figures, tables, multimedia files, and datasets that make up the supporting information should be referred to in the manuscript with a leading capital S (e.g., Figure S4 for the fourth supporting information figure) and should fall into one of the following categories: Figure, Table, Text, Dataset, Audio, or Video. The numbered title and caption for each supporting information file should be included in the main article file, after the titles and captions for the main figures.
Editorial Board
Niyaz Ahmed
University of Hyderabad,
India
Microbiology and Genomics
Rodolfo Aramayo
Texas A&M University
United States
Genetics and Genomics
Bernhard Baune
James Cook University
Australia
Neuroscience and Psychiatry
Ivan Baxter
United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
United States
Plant Biology
Mikhail Blagosklonny
Roswell Park Cancer Institute
United States
Cell Biology and Molecular Biology
Patrick Callaerts
VIB & Katholieke Universiteit Leuven
Belgium
Developmental Biology
Mark Cookson
National Institutes of Health
United States
Neurological Disorders
Nils Cordes
Dresden University of Technology
Germany
Oncology
Robert DeSalle
American Museum of Natural History
United States
Evolutionary Biology
Oliver Eickelberg
Helmholtz Zentrum München/Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich
Germany
Lung Biology and Disease
Hany El-Shemy
Cairo University
Egypt
Biotechnology
Andrew Farke
Raymond M. Alf Museum of Paleontology
United States
Paleontology
Henry Harpending
University of Utah
United States
Human Evolution
Stuart Humphries
University of Hull
United Kingdom
Aquatic and Marine Sciences
Mark Isalan
Center for Genomic Regulation
Spain
Systems and Synthetic Biology
Jan Lauwereyns
Kyushu University
Japan
Psychology
Alejandro Lucia
Universidad Europea de Madrid
Spain
Physiology
Kathrin Maedler
University of Bremen
Germany
Diabetes and Endocrinology
Nick Monk
University of Nottingham
United Kingdom
Mathematics
Landon Myer
University of Cape Town
South Africa
HIV/AIDS
Douglas Nixon
University of California San Francisco
United States
Virology
Joseph Orgel
Illinois Institute of Technology
United States
Biochemistry
Madhukar Pai
McGill University
Canada
Tuberculosis
Sean Rands
University of Bristol
United Kingdom
Ecology
Adam Ratner
Columbia University
United States
Infectious Diseases
Harald Schmidt
Maastricht University
Netherlands
Cardiovascular Disorders and Pharmacology
Arnold Schwartz
University of Cincinnati
United States
Biophysics: Cell and Molecular
Peter Sommer
Institut Pasteur Korea
Korea, Republic of Virology
Olaf Sporns
Indiana University
United States
Computational Biology and Genomics
Jason Stajich
University of California Riverside
United States
Software
Derya Unutmaz
New York University
United States
Immunology
Per Westermark
Uppsala University
Sweden
Pathology
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