期刊名称：CURRENT MEDICAL IMAGING REVIEWS ISSN： 1573-4056 出版频率： Quarterly 出版社： BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD, EXECUTIVE STE Y-2, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES, 1200 BR   出版社网址： http://www.bentham.org 期刊网址： http://benthamscience.com/journal/index.php?journalID=cmir 影响因子： 0.299(2017) 主题范畴： RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING 期刊简介(About the journal)    投稿须知(Instructions to Authors)    编辑部信息(Editorial Board)    About the journal ISSN: 1875-6603 (Online) ISSN: 1573-4056 (Print) Current Medical Imaging Reviews Aims & Scope Current Medical Imaging Reviews publishes frontier review articles, original research articles, drug clinical trial studies and guest edited thematic issues on all the latest advances on medical imaging dedicated to clinical research. All relevant areas are covered by the journal, including advances in the diagnosis, instrumentation and therapeutic applications related to all modern medical imaging techniques. The journal is essential reading for all clinicians and researchers involved in medical imaging and diagnosis. Abstracted & Indexed in: Chemical Abstracts, EMBASE, Scopus, EMNursing, Current Contents/Clinical Medicine, Index to Scientific Reviews, Science Citation Index Expanded, JCR/Science Edition, Genamics JournalSeek, MediaFinder®-Standard Periodical Directory, PubsHub, J-Gate. Bentham Science Publishers-Publication Policies For journals and eBooks, the following publication policies by Bentham Science apply: Download PDF Peer Review Bentham Science Publishers follows the single blind peer-review procedure for submissions of all manuscripts to its journals, except a selected number of patents journals where double blind review is followed. All submitted articles/eBook chapters are subject to an extensive peer review in consultation with members of the Journal Editorial Board and independent external referees usually three reviewers. All manuscripts/chapters are assessed rapidly and the decision based on all the peer reviewers comment, taken by the Journal Editor-in-Chief/ eBook Editor, is then conveyed to author(s). Copyediting and Proofs Articles and eBook chapters must be written in good English in a clear and correct style in order to maintain uniformity throughout the text. Articles/chapters submitted are copyedited before they are published. Reprints High-quality, bound/unbound, print/e-reprints can be purchased for all published articles and book chapters. Editorial Policies Articles/chapters must be submitted by one of the authors of the manuscript, and should not be submitted by anyone on their behalf. The principal/corresponding author will be required to submit a Covering Letter along with the manuscript, on behalf of all the co-authors (if any). The author(s) will confirm that the manuscript (or any part of it) has not been published previously or is not under consideration for publication elsewhere. 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It generates a similarity report, highlighting the percentage overlap between the uploaded article and the published material. Any instance of content overlap is further scrutinized for suspected plagiarism according to the publisher’s Editorial Policies. Bentham Science allows an overall similarity of 20% for a manuscript to be considered for publication. The similarity percentage is further checked keeping the following important points in view: Low Text Similarity: The text of every submitted manuscript is checked using the Content Tracking mode in iThenticate. The Content Tracking mode ensures that manuscripts with an overall low percentage similarity (but which may have a higher similarity from a single source) are not overlooked. The acceptable limit for similarity of text from a single source is 5%. If the similarity level is above 5%, the manuscript is returned to the author for paraphrasing the text and citing the original source of the copied material. 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In such cases the journal will publish an ERRATUM in consultation with Editor-in-Chief and authors of the article, and/or replace or retract the article. Article Withdrawal Articles in Press (articles that have been accepted for publication or published as E-pub Ahead of Schedule but which have not been formally published with volume/issue/page information) that include errors, or are determined to violate the publishing ethics guidelines such as multiple submission, fake claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data or the like, may be “Withdrawn” from the journal. Withdrawal means that the article files are removed and replaced with a PDF stating that the article has been withdrawn from the journal in accordance with BSP Editorial Policies. 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Figure legends/captions should also be provided. A successful electronic submission of a manuscript will be followed by a system-generated acknowledgement to the principal/corresponding author. Any queries therein should be addressed to qurat@benthamscience.org Editorial Policies: The editorial policies of Bentham Science Publishers on publication ethics, peer-review, plagiarism, copyrights/ licenses, errata/corrections and article retraction/ withdrawal can be viewed at Editorial Policy MANUSCRIPTS PUBLISHED: The Journal publishes peer-reviewed mini- and full-length review articles and drug clinical trial studies written in English. Single topic/thematic issues may also be considered for publication. Single Topic Issues: These special issues are peer-reviewed and may contain invited or uninvited review/mini-review articles. A Single Topic Issue Editor will offer a short perspective and co-ordinate the solicitation of manuscripts between 3-5 (for a mini-thematic issue) to 6-10 (for full-length thematic issue) from leading scientists. Authors interested in editing a single topic issue, in the field of in an emerging topic of pediatric, may submit their proposal to the Editor-in-Chief at cmir@benthamscience.org for consideration. Conference Proceedings: For proposals to publish conference proceedings in this journal, please contact us at email proceedings@benthamscience.org for consideration. MANUSCRIPT LENGTH: Mini-Reviews: Mini-reviews should be 3000- 6000 words excluding figures, structures, photographs, schemes, tables etc. Full-Length Reviews: Full-length reviews should be 8000-40000 words excluding figures, structures, photographs, schemes, tables etc. Research Articles: The total number of words for a published research article is from 4000 to 8000 words excluding figures, structures, photographs, schemes, tables, etc. Randomized Drug Clinical Trial Studies: Trial studies should be 1500 to 40000 words excluding figures, structures, photographs, schemes, tables etc. There is no restriction on the number of figures, tables or additional files e.g. video clips, animation and datasets, that can be included with each article online. Authors should include all relevant supporting data with each article (Refer to Supplementary Material section). MANUSCRIPT PREPARATION: The manuscript should be written in English in a clear, direct and active style. All pages must be numbered sequentially, facilitating in the reviewing and editing of the manuscript. For further convenience, our contracted service provider Eureka Science can provide assistance to authors for the preparation of manuscripts. MANUSCRIPT SECTIONS FOR PAPERS: Manuscript may be divided into the following sections: Covering Letter Title Title Page Abstract Graphical Abstract Keywords Text Organization List of Abbreviations (if any) Conflict of Interest Acknowledgements References Appendices Figures/Illustrations (if any) Chemical Structures (if any) Tables (if any) Supportive/Supplementary Material (if any) Covering Letter: It is mandatory that a signed covering letter also be submitted along with the manuscript by the author to whom correspondence is to be addressed, delineating the scope of the submitted article declaring the potential competing interests, acknowledging contributions from authors and funding agencies, and certifying that the paper is prepared according to the 'Instructions for Authors'. All inconsistencies in the text and in the reference section, and any typographical errors must be carefully checked and corrected before the submission of the manuscript. The article should not contains any such material or information that may be unlawful, defamatory, fabricated, plagiarized, or which would, if published, in any way whatsoever, violate the terms and conditions as laid down in the copyright agreement. The authors acknowledge that the publishers have the legal right to take appropriate action against the authors for any such violation of the terms and conditions as laid down in the copy right agreement. Download the Covering letter Title: The title of the article should be precise and brief and must not be more than 120 characters. Authors should avoid the use of non-standard abbreviations. The title must be written in title case except for articles, conjunctions and prepositions. Authors should also provide a short ‘running title’. Title, running title, byline, correspondent footnote and keywords should be written as presented in original manuscripts. Title Page: Title page should include paper title, author(s) full name and affiliation, corresponding author(s) names complete affiliation/address, along with phone, fax and email. Abstract: The abstract should not exceed 250 words for review and 150 words for drug clinical trial studies summarizing the essential features of the article. Graphical Abstract: A graphic must be included with each manuscript for use in the Table of Contents (TOC). This must be submitted separately as an electronic file (preferred file types are EPS, PDF, TIFF, Microsoft Word, PowerPoint and CDX etc.). A graphical abstract, not exceeding 30 words along with the illustration, helps to summarize the contents of the manuscript in a concise pictorial form. It is meant as an aid for the rapid viewing of the journals' contents and to help capture the readers’ attention. The graphical abstract may feature a key structure, reaction, equation, etc. that the manuscript elucidates upon. It will be listed along with the manuscript title, authors’ names and affiliations in the contents page, typeset within an area of 5 cm by 17 cm, but it will not appear in the article PDF file or in print. Graphical Abstracts should be submitted as a separate file (must clearly mention graphical abstract within the file) online via Bentham's Content Management System by selecting the option “supplementary material”. Keywords: Provide 6 to 8 keywords in alphabetical order. Text Organization: The main text should begin on a separate page and should be divided into title page, abstract and the main text. The text may be subdivided further according to the areas to be discussed, which should be followed by the List of Abbreviations, Conflict of Interest, Acknowledgements and Reference sections. For review, the manuscript should be divided into title page, abstract and the main text. The text may be subdivided further according to the areas to be discussed, which should be followed by the Acknowledgements and Reference sections. For Research Articles the manuscript should begin with the title page and abstract followed by the main text, which must be structured into separate sections as Introduction, Material and Methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusion, Trial Registration, Conflict of Interest, Acknowledgements and References. The Review Article should mention any previous important recent and old reviews in the field and contain a comprehensive discussion starting with the general background of the field. It should then go on to discuss the salient features of recent developments. The authors should avoid presenting material which has already been published in a previous review. The authors are advised to present and discuss their observations in brief. The manuscript style must be uniform throughout the text and 10 pt Times New Roman fonts should be used. The full term for an abbreviation should precede its first appearance in the text unless it is a standard unit of measurement. The reference numbers should be given in square brackets in the text. Italics should be used for Binomial names of organisms (Genus and Species), for emphasis and for unfamiliar words or phrases. Non-assimilated words from Latin or other languages should also be italicized e.g. per se, et al. etc. Standard Protocol on Approvals, Registrations, Patient Consents & Animal Protection: All clinical investigations must be conducted according to the Declaration of Helsinki principles. Authors must comply with the guidelines of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (www.icmje.org) with regard to the patient’s consent for research or participation in a study. Patients' names, initials, or hospital numbers must not be mentioned anywhere in the manuscript (including figures). Editors may request that authors provide documentation of the formal review and recommendation from the institutional review board or ethics committee responsible for oversight of the study. In addition to the standard patient consent for participation in research, authors are responsible for obtaining patient consent-to-disclose forms for all recognizable patients in photographs, videos, or other information that may be published in the Journal, in derivative works, or on the journal’s web site and providing the manuscript to the recognizable patient for review before submission. The consent-to-disclose form should indicate specific use (publication in the medical literature in print and online, with the understanding that patients and the public will have access) of the patient's information and any images in figures or videos, and must contain the patient's signature or that of a legal guardian along with a statement that the patient or legal guardian has been offered the opportunity to review the identifying materials and the accompanying manuscript. For research involving animals, the authors should indicate whether the procedures followed were in accordance with the standards set forth in the eighth edition of Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (grants.nih.gov/grants/olaw/guide-for-the-care-and-use-of-laboratory-animals_prepub.pdf); published by the National Academy of Sciences, The National Academies Press, Washington, D.C.). A specific declaration of such approval and consent-to-disclose form must be made in the cover letter and in a stand-alone paragraph at the end of the Methods section especially in the case of human studies where inclusion of a statement regarding obtaining the written informed consent from each subject or subject's guardian is a must. The original should be retained by the guarantor or corresponding author. Editors may request to provide the original forms by fax or email. Randomized Drug Clinical Trial Studies: Randomized drug clinical trial studies are biomedical or health-related interventional and/or observational research studies conducted in phases in human beings who are randomly allocated to receive or not receive a preventive, therapeutic, or diagnostic intervention that follows a pre-defined protocol. The study is intended to determine the safety and efficacy of approaches to disease prevention, diagnosis and treatment. Authors of randomized controlled trials are encouraged to submit trial protocols along with their manuscripts. All clinical trials must be registered (before recruitment of the first participant) at an appropriate online public trial registry that must be independent of for-profit interest (e.g.,www.clinicaltrials.gov). If you wish the editor(s) to consider an unregistered trial, please explain briefly why the trial has not been registered. All randomized clinical trials should include a flow diagram and authors should provide a completed randomized trial checklist (see CONSORT Flow Diagram and Checklist; www.consort-statement.org) and a trial protocol. Studies of diagnostic accuracy must be reported according to STARD guidelines; (www.stard-statement.org) Observational studies (cohort, case-control, or cross-sectional designs) must be reported according to the STROBE statement, and should be submitted with their protocols; (www.strobe-statement.org). Genetic association studies must be reported according to STREGA guidelines; (www.medicine.uottawa.ca) Systematic reviews and meta-analyses must be reported according to PRISMA guidelines; (www.prisma-statement.org) To find the reporting guidelines see (www.equator-network.org) Important points to remember while submitting clinical trials: Each manuscript should clearly state an objective or hypothesis; the design and methods (including the study setting and dates, patients or participants with inclusion and exclusion criteria, or data sources, and how these were selected for the study); the essential features of any interventions; the main outcome measures; the main results of the study; a comment section placing the results in context with the published literature and addressing study limitations; and the conclusions. Data included in research reports must be original. Trial registry name, registration identification number, and the URL for the registry should be included at the end of the abstract and also in the space provided on the online manuscript submission form. If your research article reports the results of a controlled health care intervention, list the trial registry, along with the unique identifying number (Please note that there should be no space between the letters and numbers of your trial registration number). Studies designed for other purposes, such as to study pharmacokinetics or major toxicity (e.g., phase 1 trials), are exempted. All reports of randomized trials should include a section entitled “Randomization and Masking”, within the Methods section. The manuscript must include a statement identifying the institutional and/or licensing committee that has approved the experiments, including any relevant details. The SI system of units and the recommended international non-proprietary name (rINN) for drug names must be used. Kindly ensure that the dose, route, and frequency of administration of any drug you mention are correct. Please ensure that the clinical trials sponsored by pharmaceutical companies follow the guidelines on good publication practice: (www.gpp-guidelines.org) The editors reserve the right to reject manuscripts that do not comply with the above-mentioned requirements. The author will be held responsible for false statements or failure to fulfill the above-mentioned requirements. Greek Symbols and Special Characters: Greek symbols and special characters often undergo formatting changes and get corrupted or lost during preparation of manuscript for publication. To ensure that all special characters used are embedded in the text, these special characters should be inserted as a symbol but should not be a result of any format styling (Symbol font face) otherwise they will be lost during conversion to PDF/XML. Authors are encouraged to consult reporting guidelines. These guidelines provide a set of recommendations comprising a list of items relevant to their specific research design. Chemical equations, chemical names, mathematical usage, unit of measurements, chemical and physical quantity & units must conform to SI and Chemical Abstracts or IUPAC. All kinds of measurements should be reported only in International System of Units (SI). List of Abbreviations: If abbreviations are used in the text either they should be defined in the text where first used, or a list of abbreviations can be provided. Conflict of Interest: Financial contributions to the work being reported must be clearly acknowledged, as should any potential conflict of interest under the heading ‘Conflict of Interest’. Authors must list the source(s) of funding for the study, for each author, and for the manuscript preparation. Acknowledgements: All individuals listed as authors must have contributed substantially to the design, performance, analysis, or reporting of the work and are required to indicate their specific contribution. Anyone (individual/company/institution) who has substantially contributed to the study for important intellectual content, or who was involved in the article’s drafting the manuscript or revising must also be acknowledged. Guest or honorary authorship based solely on position (e.g. research supervisor, departmental head) is discouraged. The specific requirements for authorship have been defined by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (www.icmje.org). Examples of authors' contributions are: 'designed research/study', 'performed research/study', 'contributed important reagents', 'collected data', 'analyzed data', 'wrote paper' etc. This information must be included in the submitted manuscript as a separate paragraph under the heading ‘Acknowledgements’. The corresponding author is responsible for obtaining permission from all co-authors for the submission of any version of the manuscript and for any changes in the authorship. References: References must be listed in the Vancouver Style only. References should be numbered sequentially [in square brackets] in the text and listed in the same numerical order in the reference section. All references must be complete and accurate. Online citations should include the date of access. Journal titles should conform to the present Index Medicus abbreviations. It is necessary to list all authors if the total number of authors is 6 or less and for more than 6 authors use 3 authors and then et al. See below few examples of references listed in the correct Vancouver Style. Typical Paper Reference: [1]  Cortright DN, Szallasi A. TRP channels and pain. Curr Pharm Des 2009; 15(15): 1736-49. [2]  Frankel AE, Zuckero SL, Mankin AA, et al. Anti-CD3 recombinant diphtheria immunotoxin therapy of cutaneous T cell lymphoma. Curr Drug Targets 2009; 10(2): 104-9. Typical Chapter Reference: [3]  Stevenson WG, Friedman PL. In: Hennekens CH, Ed. Clinical trials in cardiovascular disease. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co. 1999; pp. 217-30. Book Reference: [4]  Carlson BM. Human embryology and developmental biology. 3rd ed. St. Louis: Mosby 2004. Edited Book: [5]  Brown AM, Stubbs DW, Eds. Medical physiology. New York: Wiley 1983. Conference Paper and Proceedings: [6]  Bengtsson S, Solheim BG. Enforcement of data protection, privacy and security in medical informatics. In: Lun KC, Degoulet P, Piemme TE, Rienhoff O, Eds. MEDINFO 92. Proceedings of the 7th World Congress on Medical Informatics; 1992 Sep 6-10; Geneva, Switzerland. Amsterdam: North-Holland 1992; pp. 1561-5. [7]  Kimura J, Shibasaki H, Eds. Recent advances in clinical neurophysiology. Proceedings of the 10th International Congress of EMG and Clinical Neurophysiology; 1995 Oct 15-19; Kyoto, Japan. Amsterdam: Elsevier 1996. Journal Article on the Internet: [8]  Aylin P, Bottle A, Jarman B, Elliott, P. Paediatric cardiac surgical mortality in England after Bristol: descriptive analysis of hospital episode statistics 1991-2002. BMJ [serial on the Internet]. 2004 Oct 9; [cited 2004 October 15]; 329: [about 10 screens]. Available from: (http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/cgi/content/full/329/7470/825) Book/Monograph on the Internet: [9]  Donaldson MS, Ed. Measuring the quality of health care [monograph on the internet]. Washington: National Academy Press 1999 [cited 2004 Oct 8]. Available from: http://legacy.netlibrary.com Web site/Homepage: [10]  HeartCentreOnline [homepage on the Internet]. Boca Raton, FL: HeartCentreOnline, Inc.; c2000-2004 [updated 2004 May 23; cited 2004 Oct 15]. Available from: www.icmje.org Journal with Part/Supplement: If a journal carries continuous pagination throughout the volume, then the issue number can be omitted. Issue with Supplement: [11]  Glauser TA. Integrating clinical trial data into clinical practice. Neurology 2002; 58(12 Suppl 7): S6-12. Volume with Part: [12]  Abend SM, Kulish N. The psychoanalytic method from an epistemological viewpoint. Int J Psychoanal 2002; 83(Pt 2): 491-5. Issue with Part: [13]  Ahrar K, Madoff DC, Gupta S, Wallace MJ, Price RE, Wright KC. Development of a large animal model for lung tumors. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2002; 13(9 Pt 1): 923-8. Patent: [14]  Pagedas AC, inventor; Ancel Surgical R&D Inc., assignee. Flexible endoscopic grasping and cutting device and positioning tool assembly. United States patent US 20020103498. 2002 Aug. E-citations: [15]  Citations for articles/material published exclusively online or in open access (free-to-view), must contain the exact Web addresses (URLs) at the end of the reference(s), except those posted on an author’s Web site unless editorially essential, e.g. ‘Reference: Available from: URL’. Some important points to remember: All references must be complete and accurate. It is necessary to list all authors if the total number of authors is 6 or less and for more than 6 authors use 3 authors and then et al. (the term “et al.” should be in italics). Online citations should include the date of access. Journal abbreviations should follow the Index Medicus/MEDLINE. Take special care of the punctuation convention as described in the above-mentioned examples. Superscript in the in-text citations and reference section should be avoided. Abstracts, unpublished data and personal communications (which can only be included if prior permission has been obtained) should not be given in the reference section but they may be mentioned in the text and details provided as footnotes. The authors are encouraged to use a recent version of EndNote (version 5 and above) or Reference Manager (version 10) when formatting their reference list, as this allows references to be automatically extracted. Appendices In case there is a need to present lengthy, but essential methodological details, use appendices, which can be a part of the article. An appendix must not exceed three pages (Times New Roman, 12 point font, 900 max. words per page). The information should be provided in a condensed form, ruling out the need of full sentences. A single appendix should be titled APPENDIX, while more than one can be titled APPENDIX A, APPENDIX B, and so on. Figures/Illustrations: All authors must strictly follow the guidelines below for preparing illustrations for publication in Current Medical Imaging Reviews. If the figures are found to be sub-standard, then the manuscripts will be rejected/ and the authors offered the option of figure improvement professionally by Eureka Science The costs for such improvement will be charged to the authors. The authors should provide the illustrations as separate files, as well as embedded in the text file, numbered consecutively in the order of their appearance. Each figure should include a single illustration. Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space surrounding the illustration. If a figure consists of separate parts, it is important that a single composite illustration file be submitted, containing all parts of the figure. Photographs should be provided with a scale bar if appropriate, as well as high-resolution component files. Scaling/Resolution: For Line Art image type, which is generally an image based on lines and text and does not contain tonal or shaded areas, the preferred file format is TIFF or EPS, with colour mode being Monochrome 1-bit or RGB, in a resolution of 900-1200 dpi For Halftone image type, which is generally a continuous tone photograph and contains no text, the preferred file format is TIFF, with color mode being RGB or Grayscale, in a resolution of 300 dpi. For Combination image type, which is generally an image containing halftone in addition to text or line art elements, the preferred file format is TIFF, with color mode being RGB or Grayscale, in a resolution of 500-900 dpi. Formats: For illustrations, the following file formats are acceptable: Illustrator EPS (preferred format for diagrams) PDF (also especially suitable for diagrams) PNG (preferred format for photos or images) Microsoft Word (version 5 and above; figures must be a single page) PowerPoint (figures must be a single page) TIFF JPEG (conversion should be done using the original file) BMP CDX (ChemDraw) TGF (ISISDraw) Bentham Science does not process figures submitted in GIF format. If the large size of TIFF or EPS figures acts as an obstacle to online submission, authors may find that conversion to JPEG format before submission results in significantly reduced file size and upload time, while retaining acceptable quality. JPEG is a 'lossy' format. However, in order to maintain acceptable image quality, it is recommended that JPEG files are saved at high or maximum quality. Files should not be compressed with tools such as Zipit or Stuffit prior to submission as these tools will in any case produce negligible file-size savings for JPEGs and TIFFs, which are already compressed. Please do not: Supply embedded graphics in your word processor (spreadsheet, presentation) document. Supply files that are optimized for screen use (like GIF, BMP, PICT, WPG); the resolution is too low. Supply files that are too low in resolution. Submit graphics that are disproportionately large for the content. Image Conversion Tools: There are many software packages, many of them freeware or shareware, capable of converting to and from different graphics formats, including PNG. Good general tools for image conversion include GraphicConverter on the Macintosh, PaintShop Pro, for Windows, and ImageMagick, which is available on Macintosh, Windows and UNIX platforms. Note that bitmap images (e.g. screenshots) should not be converted to EPS, since this will result in a much larger file size than the equivalent JPEG, TIFF, PNG or BMP, with no increase in quality. EPS should only be used for images produced by vector-drawing applications such as Adobe Illustrator or CorelDraw. Most vector-drawing applications can be saved in, or exported as, EPS format. In case the images have been originally prepared in an Office application, such as Word or PowerPoint, then the original Office files should be directly uploaded to the site, instead of being converted to JPEG or another format that may be of low quality. Color Figures/Illustrations: Color figures publication in the journal: The cost for each individual page of color figures is US$ 950. Chemical Structures: Chemical structures MUST be prepared in ChemDraw/CDX and provided as separate file. Structure Drawing Preferences: [As according to the ACS style sheet] Drawing Settings: Chain angle 120° Bond spacing 18% of width Fixed length 14.4 pt (0.500cm, 0.2in) Bold width 2.0 pt (0.071cm, 0.0278in) Line width 0.6 pt (0.021cm, 0.0084in) Margin width 1.6 pt (0.096cm) Hash spacing 2.5 pt (0.088cm, 0.0347in) Text settings: Font Times New Roman Size 8 pt Under the Preference Choose: Units points Tolerances 3 pixels Under Page Setup Use: Paper US letter Scale 100% Tables: Data Tables should be submitted in Microsoft Word table format. Each table should include a title/caption being explanatory in itself with respect to the details discussed in the table. Detailed legends may then follow. Table number in bold font i.e. Table 1, should follow a title. The title should be in small case with the first letter in caps. A full stop should be placed at the end of the title. Tables should be embedded in the text exactly according to their appropriate placement in the submitted manuscript. Columns and rows of data should be made visibly distinct by ensuring that the borders of each cell are displayed as black lines. Tables should be numbered in Arabic numerals sequentially in order of their citation in the body of the text. If a reference is cited in both the table and text, please insert a lettered footnote in the table to refer to the numbered reference in the text. Tabular data provided as additional files can be submitted as an Excel spreadsheet. Supportive/Supplementary Material: We do encourage to append supportive material, for example a PowerPoint file containing a talk about the study, a PowerPoint file containing additional screenshots, a Word, RTF, or PDF document showing the original instrument(s) used, a video, or the original data (SAS/SPSS files, Excel files, Access Db files etc.) provided it is inevitable or endorsed by the journal's Editor. Supportive/Supplementary material intended for publication must be numbered and referred to in the manuscript but should not be a part of the submitted paper. In-text citations as well as a section with the heading "Supportive/Supplementary Material" before the "References" section should be provided. Here, list all Supportive/Supplementary Material and include a brief caption line for each file describing its contents. Any additional files will be linked to the final published article in the form supplied by the author, but will not be displayed within the paper. They will be made available in exactly the same form as originally provided only on our website. Please also make sure that each additional file is a single table, figure or movie (please do not upload linked worksheets or PDF files larger than one sheet). Supportive/Supplementary material must be provided in a single zipped file not larger than 4 MB. Authors must clearly indicate if these files are not for publication but meant for the reviewers'/editors' perusal only. PERMISSION FOR REPRODUCTION: Published/Reproduced material should not be included unless you have obtained written permission from the copyright holder, which should be forwarded to the Editorial Office in case of acceptance of your article for publication. For obtaining permission for reproducing any material published in an article by Bentham Science Publishers, please fill in the request FORM send to cmir@benthamscience.org for consideration. AUTHORS AND INSTITUTIONAL AFFILIATIONS: The author will be required to provide their full names, the institutional affiliations and the location, with an asterisk in front of the name of the principal/corresponding author. The corresponding author(s) should be designated and their complete address, business telephone and fax numbers and e-mail address must be stated to receive correspondence and galley proofs. PAGE CHARGES: No page charges will be levied to authors for the publication of their article. LANGUAGE AND EDITING: Manuscripts submitted containing many English typographical errors will not be published. Manuscripts which are accepted for publication on condition that the written English submitted is corrected, will be sent a quote by Eureka Science, a professional language editing company. Authors from non-English language countries who have poor English language written skills, are advised to contact the language editing company prior to submitting their manuscript to the journal. Please contact Eureka Science for a language editing quote at e-mail: info@eureka-science.com stating the total number of words of the article to be edited. 언어 및 편집: 영문 오타가 많은 원고는 출판되지 않을 것입니다. 영문 오타를 없애겠다는 조건으로 받은 원고는 영어 편집 전문회사인 유럽 공동 기술개발 기구로부터 가격 견적서가 보내 질 것입니다. 영어 작문에 어려움이 있는 비영어권 국가의 저자들은 원고를 학술지에 제출하기 전에 영어 편집회사와 접촉할 것을 권합니다. 영어 편집 견적서를 받기 위해서 교정될 원고의 단어수를 적은 메일을 유럽 공동 기술개발 기구 메일인 info@eureka-science.com 로 보내시기 바랍니다. 语言和编辑: 含有很多英文印刷错误的提交稿将不予发表。接受发表的稿件其英文写作应是正确的；专业的语言编辑公司（尤里卡科学），可对稿件的英文润色提供报价。建议非英语国家、且英文写作欠佳的作者在投稿前先与语言编辑公司联系。请与尤里卡科学联系 info@eureka-science.com. EDITION ET LANGUE: Les manuscrits soumis avec plusieurs erreurs typographiques en Anglais ne seront pas publiés en l’état. Les manuscrits sont acceptés pour publication à la condition que l'anglais utilisé soit corrigé après la soumission et seront envoyés pour examen à Eureka Science, une société d'édition de langue professionnelle. Les auteurs en provenance de pays où la langue est différente de l'anglais et qui ont de médiocres compétences en anglais écrit, sont priés de contacter la société d'édition de langue avant de soumettre leur manuscrit à la revue. Merci de contacter Eureka Science à info@eureka-science.com pour un devis en indiquant le nombre total de mot de l’article à éditer. PROOF CORRECTIONS: Authors will receive page proofs of their accepted paper before publications. To avoid delays in publication, proofs should be checked immediately for typographical errors and returned within 48 hours. Major changes are not acceptable at the proof stage. If unable to send corrections within 48 hours due to some reason, the author(s) must at least send an acknowledgement on receiving the galley proofs or the article will be published exactly as received and the publishers will not be responsible for any error occurring in the published manuscript in this regard. The corresponding author will be solely responsible for ensuring that the revised version of the manuscript incorporating all the submitted corrections receives the approval of all the co-authors of the manuscript. REPRINTS: Each first-named (corresponding) author will receive electronically five free e-prints. Printed reprints and e-prints may be ordered from the Publisher prior to publication of the article. First named authors may also order a personal online subscription of the journal at 50% off the normal subscription rate by contacting the subscription department at e-mail: subscriptions@benthamscience.org. OPEN ACCESS PLUS: Accepted articles can be published online for free open access for all to view, and be deposited by the Publishers in PubMed Central. Open access publishing provides the maximum dissemination of the article to the largest audience. Authors must pay for this service. All corresponding authors will be asked to indicate whether or not they wish to pay to have their paper made freely available on publication. If authors do not select the Open Access option, then their article will be published with standard subscription-based access at no charge. Bentham Science offers authors the choice of open access publication of their articles at a fee of US$ 1,390 per published article which allows indefinite free-to-view online publication with Bentham Science. Authors who select the Quick Track publication option (see below) and also wish to have their article as Open Access Plus will avail a 50% discount off the open access publication fee. All Editors, Board members and preferred authors who have contributed more than two articles in Bentham Science Publications are entitled for 40% discount on open access plus fees. For more information please contact us at e-mail: openaccess@benthamscience.org REVIEWING AND PROMPTNESS OF PUBLICATION: All manuscripts submitted for publication will be immediately subjected to peer-reviewing, usually in consultation with the members of the Editorial Advisory Board and a number of external referees. Authors may, however, provide in their Covering Letter the contact details (including e-mail addresses) of four potential peer reviewers for their paper. Any peer reviewers suggested should not have recently published with any of the authors of the submitted manuscript and should not be members of the same research institution. All peer-reviewing will be conducted via the Internet to facilitate rapid reviewing of the submitted manuscripts. Every possible effort will be made to assess the manuscripts quickly with the decision being conveyed to the authors in due course. QUICK TRACK Publication: For this journal an optional fast publication fee-based service called QUICK TRACK is available to authors for their submitted manuscripts. QUICK TRACK allows online publication within 2 weeks of receipt of the final approved galley proofs from the authors. Similarly the manuscript can be published in the next forthcoming PRINT issue of the journal. The total publication time, from date of first receipt of manuscript to its online publication is 12 weeks, subject to its acceptance by the referees and modification (if any) by the authors within one week. Corresponding authors who opt for QUICK TRACKS will receive 25 free e-reprint tokens for their manuscripts. Authors who have availed QUICK TRACK services in a BSP journal will be entitled for an exclusive 30% discount if they again wish to avail the same services in any Bentham journal. For more information please contact the Editorial Office by e-mail at cmir@benthamscience.org COPYRIGHT: Authors who publish in Bentham Science print & online journals will transfer copyright to their work to Bentham Science Publishers. Submission of a manuscript to the respective journals implies that all authors have read and agreed to the content of the Covering Letter or the Terms and Conditions. It is a condition of publication that manuscripts submitted to this journal have not been published and will not be simultaneously submitted or published elsewhere. Plagiarism is strictly forbidden, and by submitting the article for publication the authors agree that the publishers have the legal right to take appropriate action against the authors, if plagiarism or fabricated information is discovered. By submitting a manuscript the authors agree that the copyright of their article is transferred to the publishers if and when the article is accepted for publication. Once submitted to the journal, the author will not withdraw their manuscript at any stage prior to publication. PLAGIARISM PREVENTION: Bentham Science Publishers uses the iThenticate software to detect instances of overlapping and similar text in submitted manuscripts. iThenticate software checks content against a database of periodicals, the Internet, and a comprehensive article database. It generates a similarity report, highlighting the percentage overlap between the uploaded article and the published material. Any instance of content overlap is further scrutinized for suspected plagiarism according to the publisher’s Editorial Policies. Bentham Science allows an overall similarity of 20% for a manuscript to be considered for publication. The similarity percentage is further checked keeping the following important points in view: Low Text Similarity: The text of every submitted manuscript is checked using the Content Tracking mode in iThenticate. The Content Tracking mode ensures that manuscripts with an overall low percentage similarity (but which may have a higher similarity from a single source) are not overlooked. The acceptable limit for similarity of text from a single source is 5%. If the similarity level is above 5%, the manuscript is returned to the author for paraphrasing the text and citing the original source of the copied material. It is important to mention that the text taken from different sources with an overall low similarity percentage will be considered as a plagiarized content if the majority of the article is a combination of copied material. High Text Similarity: There may be some manuscripts with an overall low similarity percentage, but a higher percentage from a single source. A manuscript may have less than 20% overall similarity but there may be 15 % similar text taken from a single article. The similarity index in such cases is higher than the approved limit for a single source. Authors are the advised to thoroughly rephrase the similar text and properly cite the original source to avoid plagiarism and copyright violation. Types of Plagiarsim: We all know that scholarly manuscripts are written after thorough review of previously published articles. It is therefore not easy to draw a clear boundary between legitimate representation and plagiarism. However, the following important features can assist in identifying different kinds of plagiarized content. These are: Reproduction of others words, sentences, ideas or findings as one’s own without proper acknowledgement. Text recycling, also known as self-plagiarism. It is an author’s use of a previous publication in another paper without proper citation and acknowledgement of the original source. Paraphrasing poorly: Copying complete paragraphs and modifying a few words without changing the structure of original sentences or changing the sentence structure but not the words. Verbatim copying of text without putting quotation marks and not acknowledging the work of the original author. Properly citing a work but poorly paraphrasing the original text is considered as unintentional plagiarism. Similarly, manuscripts with language somewhere between paraphrasing and quoting are not acceptable. Authors should either paraphrase properly or quote and in both cases, cite the original source. Higher similarity in the abstract, introduction, materials and methods, and discussion and conclusion sections indicates that the manuscript may contain plagiarized text. Authors can easily explain these parts of the manuscript in many ways. However, technical terms and sometimes standard procedures cannot be rephrased; therefore Editors must review these sections carefully before making a decision. Plagiarism in Published Manuscripts: Published manuscripts which are found to contain plagiarized text are retracted from the journal website after careful investigation and approval by the Editor-in-Chief of the journal. A ‘Retraction Note’ as well as a link to the original article is published on the electronic version of the plagiarized manuscript. E-PUB AHEAD OF SCHEDULE: Bentham Science Publishers are pleased to offer electronic publication of accepted papers prior to scheduled publication. These peer-reviewed papers can be cited using the date of access and the unique DOI number. Any final changes in manuscripts will be made at the time of print publication and will be reflected in the final electronic version of the issue. Articles ahead of schedule may be ordered by pay-per-view at the relevant links by each article stated via the E-Pub Ahead of Schedule Disclaimer: Articles appearing in E-Pub Ahead-of-Schedule sections have been peer-reviewed and accepted for publication in this journal and posted online before scheduled publication. Articles appearing here may contain statements, opinions, and information that have errors in facts, figures, or interpretation. Accordingly, Bentham Science Publishers, the editors and authors and their respective employees are not responsible or liable for the use of any such inaccurate or misleading data, opinion or information contained of articles in the E-Pub Ahead-of-Schedule. Editorial Board Editor-in-Chief: E. Edmund Kim Professor of Diagnostic Radiology University of California Irvine, CA USA Regional Editor(s): Region: US Aurelio Matamoros (University of Texas MD, Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA) Region: Asia-Japan Ukihide Tateishi ( Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan) Region: Asia-China Shaoli Song (University School of Medicine , Shanghai, China) Region: Asia-Korea Keon-Wook Kang (Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea) Region: Asia-Others Wen-Chien Huang (Department of Thoracic Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taiwan) Region: Europe Saad. Zakko (Dubai Hospital UAE, Scotland, UK) Carrio. Ignasi (Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain) Associate Editor(s): David. J. Yang (University of Texas MD, Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA) Section Editor(s): Section: Radiology Tomio Inoue (Department of Radiology, Yokohama, Japan) Section: Imaging Physics Hong Zhang (Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China) Section: Radiopharmacology/molecular imaging Fanlin Kong (Department of Experimental Diagnostic Imaging, Houston, TX, USA) Section: Neurology Ming-Chi Shih (Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sãão Paulo, Brazil) Section: Nuclear Medicine Kai-Yuan Tzen (Department of Nuclear Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan) Section: Radiochemistry Yin-Han Zhang (Department of Experimental Diagnostic Imaging, Houston, TX) Section: Radiotherpeutic Lie-Hang Shen (Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council , Taiwan) Section: Radiopharmaceutical Formulation Mei-Hsiu Liao (Radiopharmaceuticals Production and Marketing Center, Taiwan) Section: Oncology Hiroaki Kurihara (National Cancer Center Hospital, Japan) Editorial Board Members: H.M. Abdel Dayem (St. Vincent's Hosp. &Med. Center, New York, NY, USA) A. Alaivi (Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA) C. Battaglia (University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy) J.J. Bax (Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands) F. Benard (Ctr. Hosp. Univ. de Sherbrooke, Fleurimont, QC, Canada) L. Bidaut (Univ. Texas MD. Anderson Canc. Ctr, Houston, Texas, USA) H.J. Biersack (Univ. Hosp. Bonn, Bonn, Germany) M.W. Brechbiel (National institute of health, Bethesda, MD, USA) W. Brenner (University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany) J.K. Chung (Seoul Natl. Univ. College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea) G. Cloutier (University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada) H.L. Cohen (Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA) A. Cuocolo (University Federico II, Napoli, Italy) J. Damilakis (University of Crete, Crete, Greece) S.J. Day (John Wayne Canc. Inst, Santa Monica, CA, USA) C. Divgi (Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA) T. Dohi (University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan) D. Fan (University Texas MD. Anderson Canc. Ctr, Texas, TX, USA) M. Fatemi (Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA) J. Frahm (Max-Planck-Institut fur Biophysikalische Chemie, Gottingen, Germany) S.S. Gambhir (The James H Clark Center, Stanford, USA) D.M. Goldenberg (Garden State Cancer Center, Belleville, NJ, USA) S.R. Goldstein (New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA) J.C. Gore (Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA) W. Han (University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA) B. Hesse (University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark) A.E. Iskandrian (University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA) T. Kiserud (University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway) J. Knuuti (Turku University Central Hospital, Turku, Finland) G. Köhler (University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria) F Kong (Univ. Texas M. D. Anderson Canc. Ctr, Houston, TX, USA) K. Kubota (International Medical Center of Japan, Tokyo, Japan) A. Laghi (Univ. Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy) A.A. Lammertsma (VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands) H. Lee (Keimyung Univ. Sch. Med, Taegu, South Korea) B. Maraviglia (Univ. Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy) S.K. Mukherji (University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA) R.V. Mulkern (Childrens Hospital, Harvard Med. Sch, Boston, MA, USA) J. Oh (University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA) R. Ordidge (Univ. Coll. London, London, UK) F Podo (Istituto Superiore di Sanita', Rome, Italy) B.E. Rogers (Washington Univ. in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA) P. Rossi (Univ. Roma La Sapienza, Roma, Italy) D.J. Sahn (Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA) H.R. Schelbert (David Geffen Sch. Med. at Univ. of Calif, Los Angeles, CA, USA) O. Schober (Univ. Klinikum Munster, Munster, Germany) T.D. Scholz (University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA) A. Shahzad (University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria) G. Szekely (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland) M. Tian (Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA) D.W. Townsend (University of Tennessee Medical Center, Knoxville, TN, USA) R.A. Valdes Olmos (The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands) M.W. Vannier (University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA) M.A. Viergever (University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands) G. Wang (Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA) S. Yamamoto (Kobe City College of Technology, Kobe, Japan) S. Zakko (Scotland, FK2 8 QL, UK)