期刊名称:SIMULATION IN HEALTHCARE-JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR SIMULATION IN HEALTHCARE

ISSN:1559-2332
出版频率:Bi-monthly
出版社:LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, USA, PA, 19103
  出版社网址:http://www.lww.com/webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/topCategories_11851_-1_12551
期刊网址:http://journals.lww.com/simulationinhealthcare/pages/default.aspx
影响因子:1.929
主题范畴:HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES
变更情况:

期刊简介(About the journal)    投稿须知(Instructions to Authors)    编辑部信息(Editorial Board)   



About the journal

Editor-in-Chief: David M. Gaba, MD
ISSN: 1559-2332
Online ISSN: 1559-713X
Frequency: 6 issues / year
Ranking: 42 out of 82 in Health Care Sciences & Services
Impact Factor: 1.635

Simulation in Healthcare: The Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare is a multidisciplinary publication encompassing all areas of applications and research in healthcare simulation technology. The journal is relevant to a broad range of clinical and biomedical specialties, and publishes original basic, clinical, and translational research on these topics and more:

  • Safety and quality-oriented training programs
  • Development of educational and competency assessment standards
  • Reports of experience in the use of simulation technology
  • Virtual reality
  • Epidemiologic modeling
  • Molecular, pharmacologic, and disease modeling

Publication & Editorial Staff Contacts


 

Publisher
Druanne Martin
druanne.martin@wolterskluwer.com

Translation, Rights & Licensing
Silvia Serra
translationrights@wolterskluwer.com

LWW Business Offices 
2 Commerce Square
2001 Market Street
Philadelphia, PA 19103

Phone: 215-521-8300
www.lww.com

Editor-in-Chief
David M. Gaba, MD
Stanford University School of Medicine and
VA Palo Alto Health Care System
Palo Alto, CA

Managing Editor
Karl W. Durst

journal@ssih.org
 

Society for Simulation in Healthcare
214 North Hale Street
Wheaton, IL 60187


Instructions to Authors

Information for Authors

Simulation in Healthcare accepts manuscript submissions through a submission service on another website.

Simulation in Healthcare has specific instructions and guidelines for submitting articles. Those instructions and guidelines are readily available on the submission service site. Please read and review them carefully. Articles that are not submitted in accordance with our instructions and guidelines are more likely to be rejected.

Manuscript Submission


Clicking on the submission service links on this page will open our manuscript submission service website in a new browser window.

Simulation in Healthcare
Online Submission and Review System
Instructions for Authors (this page)
Copyright Transfer and Financial Disclosure Form (PDF)
Reprint Ordering
Permissions Requests
Reprints

Before submitting a manuscript to Simulation in Healthcare, please read these Instructions carefully. Each author on a manuscript submission is required to understand the material below.

Manuscripts must be submitted electronically via the Journal's online submission system (http://www.editorialmanager.com/sih/). For problems with submissions or questions concerning these Instructions, contact the Editorial Office.

Table of Contents

  1. GENERAL EDITORIAL, LEGAL AND ETHICAL ISSUES
    1. Authorship
    2. Duplicate, Prior or Divided Publication
    3. Human Studies
    4. Animal Studies
    5. Conflicts of Interest and Sponsorship
      1. The Work Under Consideration for Publication
      2. Relevant Financial Activities Outside the Submitted Work
      3. Other Relationships
    6. Compliance with NIH and Other Research Funding Agency Accessibility Requirements
    7. Study Design Issues
      1. Clinical Trials and Surveys
        1. Clinical Trials
        2. Surveys
  2. TYPES OF PAPERS
    1. Empirical Investigations
    2. Technical Reports
    3. Concepts and Commentaries
    4. Case Reports and Simulation Scenarios
    5. Economic or Health Policy Articles
    6. Review Articles
    7. Special Articles
    8. Correspondence
    9. Meeting Reports
    10. Other Items
  3. MANUSCRIPT PREPARATION
    1. General Arrangement, All Submissions
    2. Cover Letter
    3. Title Page
    4. Abstract (new page)
    5. Manuscript Body
    6. References (new page)
    7. Tables
    8. Figures
    9. Figure Legends
    10. Supplemental Digital Content (SDC)
    11. Appendices
    12. Manuscripts “In Press”
    13. Spelling and Terminology
    14. Additional Information
      1. Units of Measurement
      2. Abbreviations
      3. Drug Names and Equipment
      4. Statistics
      5. Patient Identification
      6. Permissions
  4. SUBMISSION OF ELECTRONIC DOCUMENTS
    1. File Formats, Text
    2. File Formats, Fonts
    3. File Formats, Graphics/Images
    4. File Sizes
  5. PRE-PUBLICATION MEDIA ATTENTION
  1. GENERAL EDITORIAL, LEGAL AND ETHICAL ISSUES
    1. Authorship
      Each manuscript must have a "Corresponding Author." However, all authors must have participated in the design, execution, and/or analysis of the work presented, and attest to the accuracy and validity of the contents. All persons or organizations involved in the work must be listed as authors or acknowledged. Manuscripts are received with the understanding that they have been written by the authors; ghostwritten papers are unacceptable.
    2. Duplicate, Prior or Divided Publication
      Submitted manuscripts must not have been published elsewhere, in whole or in part, on paper or electronically. This includes personal, departmental, educational or other Web sites. This does not apply to abstracts of scientific meetings, or to lecture handouts. Simulation in Healthcare discourages authors from dividing the results of a single study into multiple papers. Do not submit several small manuscripts; a single comprehensive paper is preferable. If the authors believe that subdivision is appropriate, or if multiple articles may result from the same study, contact the Editor-in-Chief. The Editor-in-Chief must be notified if another manuscript derived from the same experiment has been published previously, or has been submitted to another journal.
    3. Human Studies
      Human experimentation must conform to ethical standards. For any data gathering effort on human subjects (including learners or teachers in educational activities), when an ethical review committee (known commonly in the United States as an Institutional Review Board -- IRB) exists with sufficient knowledge and jurisdiction to judge the ethical stratus of a research project it should be consulted. Any study must have the approval of the ethical review committee or equivalent body, or adhere to appropriate local, regional, and national standards and procedures. While some research approaches in simulation may qualify for “exempt” status and/or may not require written informed consent by subjects, in general (certainly in the United States) the ethical review committee must review the protocol and approve the exempt status; the investigator cannot make this decision. In some regions the policy may be different, but it will be the authors’ responsibility to document that they have complied with all local, regional, and national standards, laws, and regulations. 

      A statement concerning ethical review committee (or equivalent body) approval and consent procedures MUST appear in the Methods section of the manuscript. If there is no suitable ethical committee to submit the research proposal to, the corresponding author must document that this is the case and include that in the manuscript submission. The manuscript should then provide information as to the ethical care taken in the research project. In such a case researchers should describe in the manuscript, at a minimum, the informed consent procedure (if any), the means to ensure completely voluntary participation in the research, procedures for the briefing of the participants, maximum avoidance of deception unless the experiment is followed by disclosure of the truth, utmost prevention of any physical or psychological harm to the participant, and steps taken to ensure confidentiality of data, and anonymity for participants in the manuscript.

      Authors may be questioned about the details of human subjects protocols, approvals, procedures, consent forms or the consent process. On occasion, the Editor-in-Chief may request from the author a copy of the approved application to an ethical review committee (or equivalent body). Note that lack of appropriate approvals, lack of appropriate consent, or inadequate documentation will be grounds for rejection. Note that approval by an ethical review committee (or equivalent body), or conformance to local, regional, and national standards does not guarantee acceptability by the Journal whose standards may be higher than those of the ethical review committee; the final decision will be made by the Editor-in-Chief.

    4. Animal Studies
      Experimental work on animals must conform to the guidelines laid out in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, which is available from the National Academy of Science; a text-only version is available at http://www.nap.edu/readingroom/books/labrats/. Adherence to all relevant regulations and/or approval of the appropriate institutional Animal Care Committee or governmental licensure of the investigator and/or laboratory must be obtained. A statement concerning such approval must be included at the beginning of the Methods section. Authors may be questioned regarding the use of anesthetics, muscle relaxants, and postoperative analgesics. On occasion, the Editor-in-Chief may request a copy of the approved Animal Care Committee application from the author. Major issues are a) the postoperative use of analgesics following surgical procedures, and b) the use of neuromuscular blocking drugs, particularly in minimally sedated animals. Local committee approval does not guarantee acceptability; the final decision will be made by the Editor-in-Chief.
    5. Conflicts of Interest and Sponsorship
      The Editors of Simulation in Healthcare are concerned about any real or perceived conflicts of interest. Authors must complete a detailed online form (http://edmgr.ovid.com/sih/accounts/copyrightTransfer.pdf) asking about relationships pertaining to both the work under consideration and activities outside the submitted work. Instructions on completing this form are in the following section.

      In addition to completing and electronically signing the Copyright Transfer and Financial Disclosure Online Form, authors should include in the manuscript – after the Discussion but before the References -- a separate paragraph (titled Financial Disclosure Summary) which clearly summarizes the financial disclosure/conflict of interest(s) that are filed on the Disclosure form in a manner that can be understood by readers of the Journal. The Editorial Office will copyedit the statement for compliance with Journal standards. This paragraph will accompany the paper (typically as a footnote) should it be published. The paragraph should convey enough information as to the nature and magnitude of any potentially conflicting interests to allow the reader to make a judgment as to whether such relationship could have had any impact on the conduct or results of the work described.

      INSTRUCTIONS FOR COMPLETING THE FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE SECTION OF THE COPYRIGHT TRANSFER AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE FORM:
      The Work Under Consideration for Publication

      This section asks for information about the work that you have submitted for publication. The time frame for this reporting is that of the work itself, from the initial conception and planning to the present. The requested information is about resources that you received, either directly or indirectly (via your institution), to enable you to complete the work. Checking "No" means that you did the work without receiving any financial support from any third party -- that is, the work was supported by funds from the same institution that pays your salary and that institution did not receive third-party funds with which to pay you. If you or your institution received funds from a third party to support the work, such as a government granting agency, charitable foundation or commercial sponsor, check "Yes". Then complete the appropriate boxes to indicate the type of support and whether the payment went to you, or to your institution, or both.

      Relevant Financial Activities Outside the Submitted Work
      This section asks about your financial relationships with entities in the bio-medical and simulation arena that could be perceived to influence, or that give the appearance of potentially influencing, what you wrote in the submitted work. You should disclose interactions with ANY entity that could be considered broadly relevant to the work. For example, if your article is about testing a mannequin-based simulator in emergency medicine, you should report ALL associations with entities pursuing simulation strategies in general, not just in the area of mannequin-based simulation or emergency medicine. If there is any question, it is usually better to disclose a relationship than not to do so.

      Report all sources of revenue paid (or promised to be paid) directly to you or your institution on your behalf over the 36 months prior to submission of the work. This should include all monies from sources with relevance to the submitted work, not just monies from the entity that sponsored the research. Please note that your interactions with the work's sponsor that are outside the submitted work should also be listed here. For grants you have received for work outside the submitted work, you should disclose support ONLY from entities that could be perceived to be affected financially by the published work, such as drug or device companies, simulation centers, or foundations primarily supported by entities that could be perceived to have a financial stake in the outcome. Public funding sources, such as government agencies, charitable foundations or academic institutions need not be disclosed. For example, if a government agency sponsored a study in which you have been involved and a simulator or supplies for that device were provided to you by a company, you need only list the company.

      Other Relationships
      Use this section to report other relationships or activities that readers could perceive to have influenced, or that give the appearance of potentially influencing, what you wrote in the submitted work. These are not limited to financial relationships or activities.

    6. Compliance with NIH and Other Research Funding Agency Accessibility Requirements
      A number of research funding agencies now require or request authors to submit the post-print (the article after peer review and acceptance but not the final published article) to a repository that is accessible online by all without charge. As a service to Simulation in Healthcare's authors, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins will identify to the National Library of Medicine (NLM) articles that require deposit and will transmit the post-print of an article based on research funded in whole or in part by the National Institutes of Health, Wellcome Trust, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, or other funding agencies to PubMed Central. The Copyright Transfer Agreement provides the mechanism.
    7. Study Design Issues:
      Clinical Trials and Surveys
      1. Clinical Trials: Authors of clinical trials involving the treatment of patients (regardless of size) should consult the guidelines published by the CONSORT group [Moher D, et al for the CONSORT Group: The CONSORT statement: Revised recommendations for improving the quality of reports of parallel-group randomized trials. JAMA 2001; 285:1987-91 at http://www.consort-statement.org]
      2. Surveys: Simulation in Healthcare welcomes papers based on well-done surveys. However, the quality of the survey methodology is often a factor in the Editor-in-Chief's decision. Interested authors should review the material contained in the following article: Burmeister LF. Principles of Successful Sample Surveys, Anesthesiology 2003; 99: 1251-1252.
  2. TYPES OF PAPERS
    Several types of papers are published. If in doubt regarding the suitability of a submission, please contact the Editorial Office.
    1. Empirical Investigations. Empirical Investigations present results of original empirical research. Articles range in length from 1,500 to 4,000 words. Abbreviated Titles, Summary Statements, and Abstracts are required (see the section on Manuscript Preparation below).
    2. Technical Reports. Technical reports present technical information regarding simulation techniques or technologies, to assist others in the simulation community to replicate novel advances in the field. These brief articles range from 1,000 to 3,000 words. Abbreviated Titles, and Abstracts are required (see the section on Manuscript Preparation below).
    3. Concepts and Commentaries. These are brief reviews and commentary (2,000 to 3,000 words) focused on specific topics of relevance to the simulation community. Do NOT submit Abstracts. Abbreviated Titles and Summary Statements are required (see the section on Manuscript Preparation below).
    4. Case Reports and Simulation Scenarios. Case Reports and Simulation Scenarios draw attention to important clinical situations, new treatments or complications, and how they can be represented or replicated in simulations. They range in length from 500 to 1,500 words. Do not submit Abbreviated Titles, Summary Statements, and Abstracts (see the section on Manuscript Preparation below). Simulation case scenarios may follow any format that fully describes the case and its simulation implementation. Authors are encouraged (but not required) to use the template format promulgated by the Duke University Simulation Center, available at http://simcenter.duhs.duke.edu/support.html. Some elements of the template may appear in the printed case report, while others are best suited for a Web Addendum.
    5. Economic or Health Policy Articles. These articles deal with the economics, organizational, or health policy aspects of simulation. All range in length from 1,500 to 4,000 words. Abbreviated Titles, Summary Statements, and Abstracts are required (see the section on Manuscript Preparation below).
    6. Review Articles. Review Articles are comprehensive papers that synthesize older ideas and suggest new ones. They may be address knowledge in one or more of several areas, including but not limited to: the use of simulation for education, training, performance assessment and research; pedagogy of immersive and simulation-based learning; human factors and cognitive science related to simulation; basic science of simulation techniques and technologies. They may range in length from 2,000 to 8,000 words. Instead of a structured abstract, provide a 150 word, one or two paragraph summary of the key points of the article, along with Abbreviated Title and a short Summary Statement (see the section on Manuscript Preparation below).
    7. Special Articles. Articles that do not readily fall into the above categories may be published as Special Articles (e.g., history, demography, contemporary issues, etc.). Do NOT submit Abstracts, but Abbreviated Titles and Summary Statements are required (see the section on Manuscript Preparation below).
    8. Correspondence. Letters-to-the-Editor should be brief (250 to 1,000 words). A few references, a small table, or a pertinent illustration may be used. They require a Cover Letter and an original title on a Title Page. Do NOT submit Abbreviated Titles, Summary Statements, and Abstracts. Letters may offer criticism of published material. They must be objective and constructive. Such letters must be received in the Editorial Office no later than three months after the appearance of the original article that is the subject of the commentary. Letters also may discuss matters of general interest to the simulation healthcare community, without specific linkage to recently published articles.
    9. Meeting Reports. Meeting Reports are scholarly outlines of the program and content of a scientific meeting. They may be organized temporally (day by day) or thematically (topic by topic). Authors interested in submitting meeting reports should first contact the Editor to confirm that the meeting is of general interest to the readership. Meeting reports do NOT have Abstracts and should not exceed 1500 words.
    10. Other Items. Simulation in Healthcare also publishes 1) Editorials, 2) Book Reviews, 3) Web Site Reviews, and 4) Classic Papers Revisited. These are typically solicited. Please contact the Editorial Office for further information.
  3. MANUSCRIPT PREPARATION
    Manuscripts must be double-spaced. Fonts should be 10 point or larger. Margins should be at least 2.5 cm (1 in) all around. If a manuscript is formatted for A4 paper, leave at least a 5 cm (2 in) margin at the bottom of the page. Number pages consecutively beginning with the Title Page.

    1. General Arrangement, All Submissions
      ALL submissions should be arranged in the following order.
      1. Cover Letter
      2. Manuscript, as a single file, consisting of Title Page, Abstract (not required for all article types - see Types of Papers section above), Body Text, References, Figure Legends (if needed)
      3. Tables (each Table should be a separate file)
      4. Figures (each Figure should be a separate file)
      5. Supplementary Digital Content (each SDC should be a separate file)
      6. Appendices (each Appendix should be a separate file)
      7. Manuscripts "In Press" Information on the preparation of electronic documents and Figures can be found at the end of this Guide.
    2. Cover Letter
      The corresponding author must provide a Cover Letter indicating that all authors acknowledge their familiarity with these Instructions and agree to the contents of the submitted paper. The Cover Letter must also include:
      1. Conflict of Interest/Financial Disclosure information in a concise statement that reflects the information contained in the Copyright Transfer and Financial Disclosure Form.
      2. A statement of acknowledgments
      3. A statement of funding sources
      4. Identification of any specific materials recommended for Supplementary Digital Content (SDC)
    3. Title Page
      ALL submissions require a Title Page with the following information:
      1. Article Title
      2. First name, middle initial, and last name of each author, with their highest academic degree (M.D., Ph.D., etc.), academic rank (Professor, Associate Professor, etc.) and institutional affiliations.
      3. Name, mailing address, phone and fax numbers, and e-mail address of the corresponding author.
      4. The department and institution to which the work should be attributed.
    4. Abstract (new page)
      When required (see Types of Papers section), provide an Abstract of no more than 250 words. It should contain four labeled paragraphs: Introduction, Methods, Results, and Conclusions. Special Articles, Review Articles, and Concepts & Commentaries require a 150 word, one or two paragraph Summary Statement of the key points of the article (not structured). Case Reports & Simulation Scenarios need no Abstracts or Summary Statements.
    5. Manuscript Body
      The body of the manuscript, submitted in one document – Figures and Tables should be submitted as separate files - should typically be divided into four parts (except for Case Reports & Simulation Scenarios and Correspondence) plus references and figure legends:
      1. Introduction (labeled): This should rarely exceed one page in length.
      2. Methods (labeled): A subsection entitled “Statistical Analysis” should appear at the end pf the Methods section when appropriate (for comments regarding Statistics see below).
      3. Results (labeled).
      4. Discussion (labeled).
    6. References (new page)
      Number references (as superscripts) in the sequence they appear in the text. Use abbreviated titles of the medical journals as they appear in Index Medicus (see http://www.nlm.nih.gov/tsd/serials/lji.html). Include only references accessible to all readers. Do not include articles published without peer review, or material appearing in programs of meetings or in organizational publications. Abstracts are acceptable as references only if published within the previous 3 years. Manuscripts in preparation or submitted for publication are never acceptable as references. If you cite accepted manuscripts "In Press" as references, please provide one electronic copy (e.g., Word, PDF) when you submit the new manuscript and mark them as "In Press, Reference # ___."

      Use the following reference formats:

      1. Journal: Carli F, Mayo N, Klubien K, Schricker T, Trudel J, Belliveau P: Epidural analgesia enhances functional exercise capacity and health-related quality of life after colonic surgery: Results of a randomized trial. Anesthesiology 2002; 97:540-9
      2. Book: Barash PG, Cullen BF, Stoelting RK: Clinical Anesthesia, 3rd edition. Philadelphia, Lippincott-Raven Publishers, 1997, pp 23-4.
      3. Chapter: Blitt C: Monitoring the anesthetized patient, Clinical Anesthesia, 3rd edition. Edited by Barash PG, Cullen BF, Stoelting RK. Philadelphia, Lippincott-Raven Publishers, 1997, pp 563-85.
      4. Website: Author (if one exists). International Society for Infectious Diseases. ProMED-mail Web site. http://www.promedmail.org. Accessed April 29, 2004.
    7. Tables
      Number tables consecutively in order of appearance (Table 1, etc.). Each Table should be submitted as a separate Table file. Each table must have a title and a caption. Tables should be submitted as Word documents. Do not submit tables as image files or spreadsheets.
    8. Figures
      Figures should be prepared according to the professional standards of this Journal. Each Figure should be submitted as a separate Figure file, clearly labeled with the figure number (e.g., Figure1.tif, Figure2.eps, etc.). Number the figures consecutively in order of appearance (Figure 1, etc.). If a single figure contains more than one panel, each panel must be identified alphabetically (e.g., Figure 1A, Figure 1B, etc.) and should read left to right in presentation. The figures must be cited in the text in the same, consecutive numeric order. Note: Due to production requirements, differently formatted figures may be required for accepted articles. Color figures are welcome during the review phase. However, while color figures can be published, the increased cost of printing must be borne by the authors. If you do not wish for your color figures to be published in color, please let the Editorial Office know and we’ll convert them to black and white.

      *Detailed directions regarding acceptable file formats can be found below in the SUBMISSION OF ELECTRONIC DOCUMENTS section*

    9. Figure Legends
      Supply a legend for each figure; all legends should be grouped on a single page or series of pages separate from the figures under the heading Figure Legends. Figure legends should be submitted within the Manuscript file following the references.
    10. Supplemental Digital Content (SDC)
      Authors may submit supplemental digital content (SDC) to enhance their article's text and to be considered for online-only posting. SDC may include the following types of content: text documents, graphs, tables, figures, audio, and video.

      SDC must be called out consecutively in the text. SDC call-outs should include the type of material submitted (Audio, Figure, Table, Video, etc.), should be clearly labeled as "Supplemental Digital Content," should include a sequential number, and should provide a brief description of the supplemental content. For example:

      We performed many tests on the degrees of flexibility in the elbow (see Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1, which demonstrates elbow flexibility) and found our results inconclusive.

      Each SDC file must be composed to stand alone. For example, tables and figures must include titles, legends, and/or footnotes, following journal style, so the viewer can fully understand the supplemental content on its own. Production will not make any edits to the supplemental files; they will be presented as submitted.

      A listing of SDC must be submitted at the end of the manuscript file following the Figure Legends (or references if there are no figures). Include the SDC number, file type of the SDC, and a description of the SDC. This text will be removed by our production staff and not published. For example:

      Supplemental Digital Content 1. wmv, video of elbow flexibility

      Authors should mask patients’ eyes and remove patients’ names from SDC unless they obtain written consent from the patients and submit written consent with the manuscript. Copyright for video or audio SDC will be required upon acceptance. All acceptable file types are permissible up to 10 MB’s. For audio or video files greater than 10 MB’s, authors should first query the Journal office for approval. For a list of acceptable file types and size limits, please review LWW's requirements for submitting SDC: http://links.lww.com/A142

    11. Appendices
      Number each appendix and place after the Tables and Figures. Appendices should continue the same page number sequence as the body of the article. Each appendix must be cited within the text, in consecutive order. If there are more than one appendices, start each on a new page.
    12. Manuscripts “In Press”
      Please submit an electronic copy (Word, PDF) of any "In Press" manuscript that is cited in the reference list, labeled as "In Press, Reference # ___."
    13. Spelling and Terminology
      Per the Journal's policy [see editorial "What's in a Name"] the preferred spelling for a simulation device known as a 'mannequin' is 'mannequin' (and NOT 'manikin').  However, if authors prefer to use 'manikin' they may request this.

      Authors should NOT use the term "human patient simulation", "human patient simulator", or the abbreviation "HPS" except in 2 circumstances:
      I) They are referring to the specific trademarked simulation device marketed by METI as the "human patient simulator (HPS)" or II) They are making a distinction between simulation in veterinary medicine vs. simulation in human medicine.  Except for these circumstances it is assumed that all patient simulation is about human patients, and the terms "patient simulation" or "patient simulator" should be used rather than "human patient simulation" or "human patient simulator".  This usage will prevent confusion as to unwarranted reference to a specific commercial product.

    14. Additional Information
      1. Units of Measurement: Use metric units. The units for pressures are mmHg or cmH2O. Diagonal slashes are acceptable for simple units, e.g., mg/kg; when more than two items are present, negative exponents should be used, i.e., ml * kg-1 * min-1 instead of ml/kg/min.
      2. Abbreviations: Define all abbreviations except those approved by the International System of Units for length, mass, time, temperature, amount of substance, etc. Do not create new abbreviations for drugs, procedures, experimental groups, etc.
      3. Drug Names and Equipment: Use generic names. If a brand name must be used, insert it in parentheses after the generic name. Provide manufacturer's name, city, state, and country. Be careful about the use of trademarked terms (e.g., ThrombelastographyTM, TEGTM, etc.).
      4. Statistics: Detailed statistical methodology must be reported. Describe randomization procedures and the specific tests used to examine each part of the results; do not simply list a series of tests. Care should be taken with respect to a) parametric vs. nonparametric data, b) corrections for multiple comparisons, and c) rounding errors (summary statistics should not contain more significant digits than the original data). Median range (or percentiles) is preferred for nonparametric data.
      5. Patient Identification: Do not use patients' names, initials, or hospital numbers. An individual (other than an author) must not be recognizable in photographs unless written consent of the subject has been obtained and is provided at the time of submission.
      6. Permissions: Written permission must be obtained from the original publisher (or author if the author owns the copyright) if any figure or table from a previously-published document is used. Contact the Editorial Office for further information.
  4. SUBMISSION OF ELECTRONIC DOCUMENTS
    All manuscripts must be submitted on-line using the Journal’s Editorial Manager (EM) System website at https://sih.edmgr.com. Please read the following material carefully.

    First-time users: Please click the Register button from the menu above and enter the requested information. On successful registration, you will be sent an e-mail indicating your user name and password. Print a copy of this information for future reference. Note: If you have received an e-mail from us with an assigned user ID and password, or if you are a repeat user, do not register again. Just log in. Once you have an assigned ID and password, you do not have to re-register, even if your status changes (that is, author, reviewer, or editor).

    Authors: Please click the log-in button from the menu at the top of the page and log in to the system as an Author. Submit your manuscript according to the author instructions. You will be able to track the progress of your manuscript through the system. If you experience any problems, please contact Karl W. Durst, Managing Editor, at journal@ssih.org.

    1. File Formats, Text
      Textual material (Body text, Figure Legends, etc.) can be submitted in any of the following formats:
      • Microsoft Word for Windows or Macintosh, any version (.doc)
      • WordPerfect for Windows, any version (.wpf)
      • Other word processing programs can be used, but save documents in ASCII text (.txt), RichTextFormat (.rtf), or Word (.doc)
      Use standard file extensions, e.g., .doc, .rtf, .txt.
    2. File Formats, Fonts
      When files are received, they will be converted into PDF format. Problems can arise if the parent document contains fonts that cannot be converted. This is a particular problem with Asian fonts. To avoid difficulties, we ask that authors prepare their documents using one or more of the fonts listed below. These fonts should be used in the Body Text of the paper, as well as for all Tables and Figures. Acceptable fonts include:

      Arial
      Palatino
      Bookman
      Times
      Courier
      Times New Roman
      Georgia
      Verdana
      Helvetica

      Special characters should be created with:

      Symbol
      Wingdings
      Webdings
      Zapf Dingbats

    3. File Formats, Graphics/Images
      Graphics/Images (half-tones, color pictures, scientific graphics) MUST be submitted in one of the following formats:
      • TIFF (.tif)
      • Encapsulated Postscript (.eps)
      • PowerPoint (.ppt)

      Please note that artwork generated from office suite programs such as Corel Draw and MS Word and artwork downloaded from the Internet (JPEG or GIF files) CANNOT be used.

      Line art must have a resolution of at least 1200 DPI (Dots Per Inch), and electronic photographs—radiographs, CT scans, etc—and scanned images must have a resolution of at least 300 DPI. If fonts are used in the artwork, they must be converted to paths or outlines or they must be embedded in the files. Color images must be created/scanned and saved and submitted as CMYK files, not RGB. For help with saving color figures as CMYK files please follow the instructions at http://edmgr.ovid.com/lww-final/accounts/5StepsforArt.pdf.

      *If you can’t save your color figures in CMYK and you don’t want to publish them color, you can convert your RGB files to grayscale by following these instructions:

      Using Adobe Photoshop (raster):
      Image->Mode->Grayscale
      Using Adobe Illustrator (vector):
      1. File->Document Color Mode->CMYK Color
      2. Select All, Edit->Edit Colors->Convert to Grayscale

      *If you are having problems getting your TIFF or EPS figure files to pass the EM quality control test, try saving them as PPT files. This usually helps.

    4. File Sizes
      Manuscripts will be distributed to reviewers via the Web. However, reviewers who use telephone modems may experience unacceptable download delays if the files are too large. A number of simple tricks can be used to avoid unnecessarily large files. Do not scan pages of text. Do not scan printed Figures unless no original digital document exists. If a scanned figure is unavoidable, please use Adobe PhotoShop or a similar program to edit the file and reduce the file size (not necessarily the image size) as much as possible before submission. For example, crop the picture to exclude surrounding "white space." Do not carelessly use color. Black and white line drawings or gray-scale figures should not be saved as color documents; this will increase file sizes without increasing the information content of the file. Do not use color unless absolutely needed to convey information. Do not use compression software (Zip, Stuffit) to reduce a final file size.
  5. PRE-PUBLICATION MEDIA ATTENTION
    Journal articles are embargoed until published. Do not issue press releases or hold press conferences about articles to be published. Instruct journalists and media representatives that articles are embargoed until the publication mailing date. Articles that are described extensively by the media prior to publication may be pulled from the Journal of Record and the author(s) may be sanctioned by the Journal (e.g. not be allowed to submit manuscripts for one year or more).

Editorial Board
Editor-in-Chief
David M. Gaba, MD
Stanford University School of Medicine
Palo Alto, CA

Associate Editors
 

Jeffrey Cooper, PhD
Harvard Medical School
Boston, MA

Michael A. DeVita, MD
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
Pittsburgh, PA

Peter Dieckman, PhD
Danish Institute for Medical Simulation
Herlev Hospital
Herlev, Denmark

Rose Hatala, MD, MSc
University of British Columbia
Vancouver, BC, Canada

S. Barry Issenberg, MD
University of Miami Miller School of Medicine
Miami, FL

 

Judy Lynn LeFlore, PhD, RN, NNP-BC,
CPNP-PC & AC, ANEF
University of Texas at Arlington
College of Nursing
Arlington, TX

Andreas H Meier, MD, Med, FACS, FAAP
SUNY Upstate Medical University
Syracuse, NY 

Mark W. Scerbo, PhD
Old Dominion University
Norfolk, VA

Dimitrios Stefanidis, MD, PhD
Carolinas Medical Center
Charlotte, NC


Editorial Board
 

Pamela B. Andreatta, PhD, MFA, MA
University of Michigan Medical School
Ann Arbor, MI

Thomas J. Benedetti, MD, MHA
University of Washington
Seattle, WA

David J. Birnbach, MD, MPH
University of Miami School of Medicine
Miami, FL

John (Jack) Boulet, PhD
Educational Commission for Foreign Medical Graduates
Philadelphia, PA 

Juan C. Cendan, MD, FACS
University of Central Florida College of Medicine
Orlando, FL

Rosemarie Fernandez, MD
University of Washington School of Medicine
Seattle, WA

Matthew T. Gettman, MD
Mayo Clinic College of Medicine
Rochester, MN

Jeffrey Groom, PhD, CRNA
Florida International University College of Nursing and Health Sciences
Miami, FL

Louis Halamek, MD
Stanford University
Packard Children's Hospital
Palo Alto, CA

Cullen B. Hegarty, MD
University of Minnesota
Rosemont, MN

Dean R. Hess, PhD, RRT
Harvard Medical School
Boston, MA

Steven K. Howard, MD
VA Palo Alto Health Care System
Palo Alto, CA

Grace C. Huang, MD
Harvard Medical School
Boston, MA

Samsun (Sem) Lampotang, PhD
University of Florida
Gainesville, FL

David S. Lind, MD
Medical College of Georgia
Augusta, GA

Tanja Manser, PhD
University of Fribourg
Fribourg, Switzerland

William C. McGaghie, PhD
Northwestern University
Feinberg School of Medicine
Chicago, IL

Elaine C. Meyer, PhD, RN
Harvard Medical School &
Children's Hospital Boston
Boston, MA

Joseph Murphy, MD
Mayo Clinic College of Medicine
Rochester, MN

Vinay M. Nadkarni, MD, MS
The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine
Philadelphia, PA 

Debra Nestel, PhD
Monash University School of Rural Health & HealthPEER
Victoria, Australia

John J. Norcini, PhD
Foundation for Advancement of International Medical Education & Research
Philadelphia, PA

Mark P. Ottensmeyer, PhD
Massachusetts General Hospital
Harvard Medical School
Cambridge, MA 

Christine S. Park, MD
Northwestern University
Feinberg School of Medicine
Chicago, IL

Paul E. Phrampus, MD
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
Pittsburgh, PA  

Renee R. Pyburn, RN, MS, CHSE
Sidra Medical & Research Centre
Doha, Qatar

Daniel Raemer, PhD
Harvard Medical School
Boston, MA

Marcus C. Rall, MD
University of Tuebingen Medical School
Tuebigen, Germany

Tomohiro Sawa, MD, PhD
Teikyo University School of Medicine
Tokyo, Japan

Lori B. Schumacher, PhD
Medical College of Georgia
School of Nursing
Augusta, GA 

F. Jacob Seagull, PhD
University of Michigan Medical School
Ann Arbor, MI 

Marlies P. Schijven, MD, PhD, MHSc
Academic Medical Center Amsterdam
Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Nick Sevdalis, BSc, MSc, PhD
Imperial College London
London, United Kingdom

Lisa Sinz, MD
Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center
Penn State College of Medicine
Hershey, PA

Willem L. Van Meurs, PhD
Instituto de Engenharia Biomedica
University of Porto
Porto, Portugal

Matthew Weinger, MS, MD
Vanderbilt University
Nashville, TN

Rachel Yudkowsky, MD, MHPE
University of Illinois College of Medicine
Chicago, IL

Editor-in-Chief
David M. Gaba, MD
Stanford University School of Medicine
Palo Alto, CA

Associate Editors
 

Jeffrey Cooper, PhD
Harvard Medical School
Boston, MA

Michael A. DeVita, MD
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
Pittsburgh, PA

Peter Dieckman, PhD
Danish Institute for Medical Simulation
Herlev Hospital
Herlev, Denmark

Rose Hatala, MD, MSc
University of British Columbia
Vancouver, BC, Canada

S. Barry Issenberg, MD
University of Miami Miller School of Medicine
Miami, FL

 

Judy Lynn LeFlore, PhD, RN, NNP-BC,
CPNP-PC & AC, ANEF
University of Texas at Arlington
College of Nursing
Arlington, TX

Andreas H Meier, MD, Med, FACS, FAAP
SUNY Upstate Medical University
Syracuse, NY 

Mark W. Scerbo, PhD
Old Dominion University
Norfolk, VA

Dimitrios Stefanidis, MD, PhD
Carolinas Medical Center
Charlotte, NC


Editorial Board
 

Pamela B. Andreatta, PhD, MFA, MA
University of Michigan Medical School
Ann Arbor, MI

Thomas J. Benedetti, MD, MHA
University of Washington
Seattle, WA

David J. Birnbach, MD, MPH
University of Miami School of Medicine
Miami, FL

John (Jack) Boulet, PhD
Educational Commission for Foreign Medical Graduates
Philadelphia, PA 

Juan C. Cendan, MD, FACS
University of Central Florida College of Medicine
Orlando, FL

Rosemarie Fernandez, MD
University of Washington School of Medicine
Seattle, WA

Matthew T. Gettman, MD
Mayo Clinic College of Medicine
Rochester, MN

Jeffrey Groom, PhD, CRNA
Florida International University College of Nursing and Health Sciences
Miami, FL

Louis Halamek, MD
Stanford University
Packard Children's Hospital
Palo Alto, CA

Cullen B. Hegarty, MD
University of Minnesota
Rosemont, MN

Dean R. Hess, PhD, RRT
Harvard Medical School
Boston, MA

Steven K. Howard, MD
VA Palo Alto Health Care System
Palo Alto, CA

Grace C. Huang, MD
Harvard Medical School
Boston, MA

Samsun (Sem) Lampotang, PhD
University of Florida
Gainesville, FL

David S. Lind, MD
Medical College of Georgia
Augusta, GA

Tanja Manser, PhD
University of Fribourg
Fribourg, Switzerland

William C. McGaghie, PhD
Northwestern University
Feinberg School of Medicine
Chicago, IL

Elaine C. Meyer, PhD, RN
Harvard Medical School &
Children's Hospital Boston
Boston, MA

Joseph Murphy, MD
Mayo Clinic College of Medicine
Rochester, MN

Vinay M. Nadkarni, MD, MS
The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine
Philadelphia, PA 

Debra Nestel, PhD
Monash University School of Rural Health & HealthPEER
Victoria, Australia

John J. Norcini, PhD
Foundation for Advancement of International Medical Education & Research
Philadelphia, PA

Mark P. Ottensmeyer, PhD
Massachusetts General Hospital
Harvard Medical School
Cambridge, MA 

Christine S. Park, MD
Northwestern University
Feinberg School of Medicine
Chicago, IL

Paul E. Phrampus, MD
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
Pittsburgh, PA  

Renee R. Pyburn, RN, MS, CHSE
Sidra Medical & Research Centre
Doha, Qatar

Daniel Raemer, PhD
Harvard Medical School
Boston, MA

Marcus C. Rall, MD
University of Tuebingen Medical School
Tuebigen, Germany

Tomohiro Sawa, MD, PhD
Teikyo University School of Medicine
Tokyo, Japan

Lori B. Schumacher, PhD
Medical College of Georgia
School of Nursing
Augusta, GA 

F. Jacob Seagull, PhD
University of Michigan Medical School
Ann Arbor, MI 

Marlies P. Schijven, MD, PhD, MHSc
Academic Medical Center Amsterdam
Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Nick Sevdalis, BSc, MSc, PhD
Imperial College London
London, United Kingdom

Lisa Sinz, MD
Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center
Penn State College of Medicine
Hershey, PA

Willem L. Van Meurs, PhD
Instituto de Engenharia Biomedica
University of Porto
Porto, Portugal

Matthew Weinger, MS, MD
Vanderbilt University
Nashville, TN

Rachel Yudkowsky, MD, MHPE
University of Illinois College of Medicine
Chicago, IL

Editorial Board

Editor-in-Chief
David M. Gaba, MD
Stanford University School of Medicine
Palo Alto, CA

Associate Editors
 

Jeffrey Cooper, PhD
Harvard Medical School
Boston, MA

Michael A. DeVita, MD
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
Pittsburgh, PA

Peter Dieckman, PhD
Danish Institute for Medical Simulation
Herlev Hospital
Herlev, Denmark

Rose Hatala, MD, MSc
University of British Columbia
Vancouver, BC, Canada

S. Barry Issenberg, MD
University of Miami Miller School of Medicine
Miami, FL

 

Judy Lynn LeFlore, PhD, RN, NNP-BC,
CPNP-PC & AC, ANEF
University of Texas at Arlington
College of Nursing
Arlington, TX

Andreas H Meier, MD, Med, FACS, FAAP
SUNY Upstate Medical University
Syracuse, NY 

Mark W. Scerbo, PhD
Old Dominion University
Norfolk, VA

Dimitrios Stefanidis, MD, PhD
Carolinas Medical Center
Charlotte, NC


Editorial Board
 

Pamela B. Andreatta, PhD, MFA, MA
University of Michigan Medical School
Ann Arbor, MI

Thomas J. Benedetti, MD, MHA
University of Washington
Seattle, WA

David J. Birnbach, MD, MPH
University of Miami School of Medicine
Miami, FL

John (Jack) Boulet, PhD
Educational Commission for Foreign Medical Graduates
Philadelphia, PA 

Juan C. Cendan, MD, FACS
University of Central Florida College of Medicine
Orlando, FL

Rosemarie Fernandez, MD
University of Washington School of Medicine
Seattle, WA

Matthew T. Gettman, MD
Mayo Clinic College of Medicine
Rochester, MN

Jeffrey Groom, PhD, CRNA
Florida International University College of Nursing and Health Sciences
Miami, FL

Louis Halamek, MD
Stanford University
Packard Children's Hospital
Palo Alto, CA

Cullen B. Hegarty, MD
University of Minnesota
Rosemont, MN

Dean R. Hess, PhD, RRT
Harvard Medical School
Boston, MA

Steven K. Howard, MD
VA Palo Alto Health Care System
Palo Alto, CA

Grace C. Huang, MD
Harvard Medical School
Boston, MA

Samsun (Sem) Lampotang, PhD
University of Florida
Gainesville, FL

David S. Lind, MD
Medical College of Georgia
Augusta, GA

Tanja Manser, PhD
University of Fribourg
Fribourg, Switzerland

William C. McGaghie, PhD
Northwestern University
Feinberg School of Medicine
Chicago, IL

Elaine C. Meyer, PhD, RN
Harvard Medical School &
Children's Hospital Boston
Boston, MA

Joseph Murphy, MD
Mayo Clinic College of Medicine
Rochester, MN

Vinay M. Nadkarni, MD, MS
The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine
Philadelphia, PA 

Debra Nestel, PhD
Monash University School of Rural Health & HealthPEER
Victoria, Australia

John J. Norcini, PhD
Foundation for Advancement of International Medical Education & Research
Philadelphia, PA

Mark P. Ottensmeyer, PhD
Massachusetts General Hospital
Harvard Medical School
Cambridge, MA 

Christine S. Park, MD
Northwestern University
Feinberg School of Medicine
Chicago, IL

Paul E. Phrampus, MD
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
Pittsburgh, PA  

Renee R. Pyburn, RN, MS, CHSE
Sidra Medical & Research Centre
Doha, Qatar

Daniel Raemer, PhD
Harvard Medical School
Boston, MA

Marcus C. Rall, MD
University of Tuebingen Medical School
Tuebigen, Germany

Tomohiro Sawa, MD, PhD
Teikyo University School of Medicine
Tokyo, Japan

Lori B. Schumacher, PhD
Medical College of Georgia
School of Nursing
Augusta, GA 

F. Jacob Seagull, PhD
University of Michigan Medical School
Ann Arbor, MI 

Marlies P. Schijven, MD, PhD, MHSc
Academic Medical Center Amsterdam
Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Nick Sevdalis, BSc, MSc, PhD
Imperial College London
London, United Kingdom

Lisa Sinz, MD
Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center
Penn State College of Medicine
Hershey, PA

Willem L. Van Meurs, PhD
Instituto de Engenharia Biomedica
University of Porto
Porto, Portugal

Matthew Weinger, MS, MD
Vanderbilt University
Nashville, TN

Rachel Yudkowsky, MD, MHPE
University of Illinois College of Medicine
Chicago, IL


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