期刊名称：FOUNDATIONS OF SCIENCE
 期刊简介(About the journal)
投稿须知(Instructions to Authors)
编辑部信息(Editorial Board)
About the journal
Foundations of Science focuses on significant methodological and philosophical topics concerning the structure and the growth of science. It serves as a forum for exchange of views and ideas among working scientists and theorists of science, and promotes interdisciplinary cooperation.
The journal presents foundational issues of science in a way that is free from unnecessary technicalities, yet faithful to the scientific content. Its aim is not simply to identify and highlight foundational issues and problems, but to suggest constructive solutions.
While acknowledging that various sciences have their own approaches and methods, the editors hold that important truths can be discovered about and by the sciences and that these transcend cultural and political contexts. The editors believe that the central foundational questions of contemporary science can be posed and answered without recourse to sociological or historical methods.
Related subjects » Epistemology & Philosophy of Science - Mathematics - Social Sciences
Foundations of Science focuses on methodological and philosophical topics of foundational significance concerning the structure and the growth of science. It serves as a forum for exchange of views and ideas among working scientists and theorists of science and it seeks to promote interdisciplinary cooperation.
Since the various scientific disciplines have become so specialized and inaccessible to workers in different areas of science, one of the goals of the journal is to present the foundational issues of science in a way that is free from unnecessary technicalities yet faithful to the scientific content. The aim of the journal is not simply to identify and highlight foundational issues and problems, but to suggest constructive solutions to the problems.
The editors of the journal admit that various sciences have approaches and methods that are peculiar to those individual sciences. However, they hold the view that important truths can be discovered about and by the sciences and that truths transcend cultural and political contexts. Although properly conducted historical and sociological inquiries can explain some aspects of the scientific enterprise, the editors believe that the central foundational questions of contemporary science can be posed and answered without recourse to sociological or historical methods.
Instructions to Authors
Foundations of Science publishes ‘standard articles’, ‘target articles’, ‘commentaries’ and ‘review articles’.
Standard articles present new ideas, which can be of an advanced or complex nature, and use fully the technical jargon from a specific scientific discipline. However, in order to maintain cross-disciplinary accessibility, they should we written in such a way that the material is also made understandable for a broader audience than just specialists in a narrow niche field. For this reason Foundations of Science does not introduce an a priori page limit for submitted articles, however the extra length of an article should be motivated by interdisciplinary readability. The following guidelines may be of help in this respect. A
possible way to go about is to have papers divided in two complementary parts.
The first part, addressed to a multidisciplinary audience, contains the following material:
1. Situation of the problem within the context of the problem domain. Ample space may be
used for the description of the context.
2. Extensive reference to the classical and accepted views.
3. A clear, critical statement of how the (new) approach or result confirms or questions the existing results.
4. A summary in non-technical language of the results described in the second part of the paper.
Often, the whole can be made understandable by discussing the matter on a meta-level, explaining explicitly what is understood, why and how it is understood, what is not understood, and, if possible why and how it is not understood. This means that papers containing completely new and ‘not-yet-understood’ matter are also welcome. But in that case, the first part should make it clear that the problem's present status is 'not-understood',
and explain why it is nevertheless of scientific importance.
The second part of the paper addressed to a specialized audience contains a detailed, formal exposition of the matter, using the technical tools and jargon of the discipline. This exposition should be as self-contained as possible. This means that technical jargon and techniques may also be included (if they have not yet been included in the first part). A high degree of self-containment can be achieved by including references to good quality expository papers within the field.
Target articles and commentaries are articles meant to take part in a specific dynamics of scientific interaction that Foundations of Science wants to stimulate. Some standard articles published in Foundations of Science will be considered as ‘target articles’ for which commentaries can be written, and these commentaries (eventually plus additional discussions), will be published in later issues of Foundations of Science.
Next to being an already published standard article, a target article can also be upon invitation, and authors can also propose a subject for a potential target paper to the Editorin-
Chief. In case an author wants to propose a subject for a potential target paper, he or she needs to write a short note and send it to the Editor-in-Chief, explaining the subject of the target paper.
A commentary is a short paper, between one and three pages (or eventually shorter or longer, some flexibility in length is possible), which has the following format:
A. Title.
B. Author(s).
C. Affiliation(s).
D. Article text (1-3 pages).
E. References.
The aim of the ‘target article - commentary dynamics’ is to stimulate scientific discussion in an open and dynamic way. Some flexibility is tolerated with respect to the form this
discussion will take. This means that the commentary can also been focused on the general topic introduced by the subject of the target paper. To put it shortly, a good commentary should contain the type of remarks and observations that stimulate discussion of the subject
matter of the target paper.
The standard format (following the commentary) will be that the author(s) of the target article respond very shortly to the different commentaries. However, deviation of this
standard format is possible depending on the custom situation, and hence, once specific reactions with respect to invitations for commentaries have been received, further contact specifies the dynamics (it may for example be also interesting that a commentary writer can react on another commentary writer). Commentaries will be published, together with short reactions, in a later issue of Foundations of Science.
Commentaries, in a format as described above, can also spontaneously be submitted by authors, referring to an article published in Foundations of Science, or referring to an important ongoing subject of debate within the community of scientists engaged in the foundations of the different scientific disciplines or research fields of interdisciplinary nature.
Review articles, covering an important subject in the foundations of a discipline or interdisciplinary domain, should be written in a spirit of cross-disciplinary accessibility.
Such papers may discuss results that have already been published in journals specialized in a specific discipline.
Special Issues
Foundations of Science publishes special issues consisting of papers solicited by the guest editor(s). Scientists who are interested in guest editing a topic issue of Foundations of Science are kindly requested to submit a proposal to the Editor-in-Chief. The proposal should present the main ideas and problems to be discussed in the proposed issue.
Manuscript Submission
Submission of a manuscript implies: that the work described has not been published before; that it is not under consideration for publication anywhere else; that its publication has been approved by all co-authors, if any, as well as by the responsible authorities – tacitly or explicitly – at the institute where the work has been carried out. The publisher will not be held legally responsible should there be any claims for compensation.
Permissions
Authors wishing to include figures, tables, or text passages that have already been published elsewhere are required to obtain permission from the copyright owner(s) for both the print and online format and to include evidence that such permission has been granted when submitting their papers. Any material received without such evidence will be assumed to originate from the authors.
How to Submit
Manuscripts should preferably be submitted in the original file format. Please follow the hyperlink “Submit online” on the right to open an e-mail to the editor and attach the files.
If this is not possible, one printout of the manuscript must be submitted to the editor.
Title Page
The title page should include:
- The name(s) of the author(s)
- A concise and informative title
- The affiliation(s) and address(es) of the author(s)
- The e-mail address, telephone and fax numbers of the corresponding author
Abstract
Please provide an abstract of 150 to 250 words. The abstract should not contain any undefined abbreviations or unspecified references.
Keywords
Please provide 4 to 6 keywords which can be used for indexing purposes.
Text
Text Formatting
Manuscripts should be submitted in LaTeX. Please use Springer’s LaTeX macro package and choose the formatting option “smallcondensed”.
The submission should include the original source (including all style files and figures) and a PDF version of the compiled output.
Word files are also accepted. In this case, please use Springer’s Word template for preparing your manuscript.
Headings
Please use the decimal system of headings with no more than three levels.
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be defined at first mention and used consistently thereafter.
Footnotes
Footnotes can be used to give additional information, which may include the citation of a reference included in the reference list. They should not consist solely of a reference citation, and they should never include the bibliographic details of a reference. They should also not contain any figures or tables.
Footnotes to the text are numbered consecutively; those to tables should be indicated by superscript lower-case letters (or asterisks for significance values and other statistical data). Footnotes to the title or the authors of the article are not given reference symbols.
Always use footnotes instead of endnotes.
Acknowledgments
Acknowledgments of people, grants, funds, etc. should be placed in a separate section before the reference list. The names of funding organizations should be written in full.
References
Citation
Cite references in the text by name and year in parentheses. Some examples:
- Negotiation research spans many disciplines (Thompson 1990).
- This result was later contradicted by Becker and Seligman (1996).
- This effect has been widely studied (Abbott 1991; Barakat et al. 1995; Kelso and Smith 1998; Medvec et al. 1993).
Reference list
The list of references should only include works that are cited in the text and that have been published or accepted for publication. Personal communications and unpublished works should only be mentioned in the text. Do not use footnotes or endnotes as a substitute for a reference list.
Reference list entries should be alphabetized by the last names of the first author of each work.
- Journal article
Harris, M., Karper, E., Stacks, G., Hoffman, D., DeNiro, R., Cruz, P., et al. (2001). Writing labs and the Hollywood connection. Journal of Film Writing, 44(3), 213–245.
- Article by DOI
Slifka, M. K., & Whitton, J. L. (2000) Clinical implications of dysregulated cytokine production. Journal of Molecular Medicine, doi:10.1007/s001090000086
- Book
Calfee, R. C., & Valencia, R. R. (1991). APA guide to preparing manuscripts for journal publication. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
- Book chapter
O’Neil, J. M., & Egan, J. (1992). Men’s and women’s gender role journeys: Metaphor for healing, transition, and transformation. In B. R. Wainrib (Ed.), Gender issues across the life cycle (pp. 107–123). New York: Springer.
- Online document
Abou-Allaban, Y., Dell, M. L., Greenberg, W., Lomax, J., Peteet, J., Torres, M., & Cowell, V. (2006). Religious/spiritual commitments and psychiatric practice. Resource document. American Psychiatric Association. http://www.psych.org/edu/other_res/lib_archives/archives/200604.pdf. Accessed 25 June 2007.
Journal names and book titles should be italicized.
.
For authors using EndNote, Springer provides an output style that supports the formatting of in-text citations and reference list.
Tables
- All tables are to be numbered using Arabic numerals.
- Tables should always be cited in text in consecutive numerical order.
- For each table, please supply a table caption (title) explaining the components of the table.
- Identify any previously published material by giving the original source in the form of a reference at the end of the table caption.
- Footnotes to tables should be indicated by superscript lower-case letters (or asterisks for significance values and other statistical data) and included beneath the table body.
Artwork
For the best quality final product, it is highly recommended that you submit all of your artwork – photographs, line drawings, etc. – in an electronic format. Your art will then be produced to the highest standards with the greatest accuracy to detail. The published work will directly reflect the quality of the artwork provided.
Electronic Figure Submission
- Supply all figures electronically.
- Indicate what graphics program was used to create the artwork.
- For vector graphics, the preferred format is EPS; for halftones, please use TIFF format. MS Office files are also acceptable.
- Vector graphics containing fonts must have the fonts embedded in the files.
- Name your figure files with "Fig" and the figure number, e.g., Fig1.eps.
Line Art
- Definition: Black and white graphic with no shading.
- Do not use faint lines and/or lettering and check that all lines and lettering within the figures are legible at final size.
- All lines should be at least 0.1 mm (0.3 pt) wide.
- Scanned line drawings and line drawings in bitmap format should have a minimum resolution of 1200 dpi.
- Vector graphics containing fonts must have the fonts embedded in the files.
Halftone Art
- Definition: Photographs, drawings, or paintings with fine shading, etc.
- If any magnification is used in the photographs, indicate this by using scale bars within the figures themselves.
- Halftones should have a minimum resolution of 300 dpi.
Combination Art
- Definition: a combination of halftone and line art, e.g., halftones containing line drawing, extensive lettering, color diagrams, etc.
- Combination artwork should have a minimum resolution of 600 dpi.
Color Art
- Color art is free of charge for online publication.
- If black and white will be shown in the print version, make sure that the main information will still be visible. Many colors are not distinguishable from one another when converted to black and white. A simple way to check this is to make a xerographic copy to see if the necessary distinctions between the different colors are still apparent.
- If the figures will be printed in black and white, do not refer to color in the captions.
- Color illustrations should be submitted as RGB (8 bits per channel).
Figure Lettering
- To add lettering, it is best to use Helvetica or Arial (sans serif fonts).
- Keep lettering consistently sized throughout your final-sized artwork, usually about 2–3 mm (8–12 pt).
- Variance of type size within an illustration should be minimal, e.g., do not use 8-pt type on an axis and 20-pt type for the axis label.
- Avoid effects such as shading, outline letters, etc.
- Do not include titles or captions within your illustrations.
Figure Numbering
- All figures are to be numbered using Arabic numerals.
- Figures should always be cited in text in consecutive numerical order.
- Figure parts should be denoted by lowercase letters (a, b, c, etc.).
- If an appendix appears in your article and it contains one or more figures, continue the consecutive numbering of the main text. Do not number the appendix figures, "A1, A2, A3, etc." Figures in online appendices (Electronic Supplementary Material) should, however, be numbered separately.
Figure Captions
- Each figure should have a concise caption describing accurately what the figure depicts. Include the captions in the text file of the manuscript, not in the figure file.
- Figure captions begin with the term Fig. in bold type, followed by the figure number, also in bold type.
- No punctuation is to be included after the number, nor is any punctuation to be placed at the end of the caption.
- Identify all elements found in the figure in the figure caption; and use boxes, circles, etc., as coordinate points in graphs.
- Identify previously published material by giving the original source in the form of a reference citation at the end of the figure caption.
Figure Placement and Size
- When preparing your figures, size figures to fit in the column width.
- For most journals the figures should be 39 mm, 84 mm, 129 mm, or 174 mm wide and not higher than 234 mm.
- For books and book-sized journals, the figures should be 80 mm or 122 mm wide and not higher than 198 mm.
Permissions
If you include figures that have already been published elsewhere, you must obtain permission from the copyright owner(s) for both the print and online format. Please be aware that some publishers do not grant electronic rights for free and that Springer will not be able to refund any costs that may have occurred to receive these permissions. In such cases, material from other sources should be used.
Accessibility
In order to give people of all abilities and disabilities access to the content of your figures, please make sure that
- All figures have descriptive captions (blind users could then use a text-to-speech software or a text-to-Braille hardware)
- Patterns are used instead of or in addition to colors for conveying information (color-blind users would then be able to distinguish the visual elements)
- Any figure lettering has a contrast ratio of at least 4.5:1
Electronic Supplementary Material
Springer accepts electronic multimedia files (animations, movies, audio, etc.) and other supplementary files to be published online along with an article or a book chapter. This feature can add dimension to the author's article, as certain information cannot be printed or is more convenient in electronic form.
Submission
- Supply all supplementary material in standard file formats.
- Please include in each file the following information: article title, journal name, author names; affiliation and e-mail address of the corresponding author.
- To accommodate user downloads, please keep in mind that larger-sized files may require very long download times and that some users may experience other problems during downloading.
Audio, Video, and Animations
- Always use MPEG-1 (.mpg) format.
Text and Presentations
- Submit your material in PDF format; .doc or .ppt files are not suitable for long-term viability.
- A collection of figures may also be combined in a PDF file.
Spreadsheets
- Spreadsheets should be converted to PDF if no interaction with the data is intended.
- If the readers should be encouraged to make their own calculations, spreadsheets should be submitted as .xls files (MS Excel).
Specialized Formats
- Specialized format such as .pdb (chemical), .wrl (VRML), .nb (Mathematica notebook), and .tex can also be supplied.
Collecting Multiple Files
- It is possible to collect multiple files in a .zip or .gz file.
Numbering
- If supplying any supplementary material, the text must make specific mention of the material as a citation, similar to that of figures and tables.
- Refer to the supplementary files as “Online Resource”, e.g., "... as shown in the animation (Online Resource 3)", “... additional data are given in Online Resource 4”.
- Name the files consecutively, e.g. “ESM_3.mpg”, “ESM_4.pdf”.
Captions
- For each supplementary material, please supply a concise caption describing the content of the file.
Processing of supplementary files
- Electronic supplementary material will be published as received from the author without any conversion, editing, or reformatting.
Accessibility
In order to give people of all abilities and disabilities access to the content of your supplementary files, please make sure that
- The manuscript contains a descriptive caption for each supplementary material
- Video files do not contain anything that flashes more than three times per second (so that users prone to seizures caused by such effects are not put at risk)
Vitae/Biography
Please provide a brief vitae/biography consisting of one paragraph, written in the third person, giving details on present position, education, research interests, and some recent publications if relevant.
After acceptance
Upon acceptance of your article you will receive a link to the special Author Query Application at Springer’s web page where you can sign the Copyright Transfer Statement online and indicate whether you wish to order OpenChoice, offprints, or printing of figures in color.
Once the Author Query Application has been completed, your article will be processed and you will receive the proofs.
Open Choice
In addition to the normal publication process (whereby an article is submitted to the journal and access to that article is granted to customers who have purchased a subscription), Springer provides an alternative publishing option: Springer Open Choice. A Springer Open Choice article receives all the benefits of a regular subscription-based article, but in addition is made available publicly through Springer’s online platform SpringerLink. We regret that Springer Open Choice cannot be ordered for published articles.
Copyright transfer
Authors will be asked to transfer copyright of the article to the Publisher (or grant the Publisher exclusive publication and dissemination rights). This will ensure the widest possible protection and dissemination of information under copyright laws.
Open Choice articles do not require transfer of copyright as the copyright remains with the author. In opting for open access, they agree to the Springer Open Choice Licence.
Offprints
Offprints can be ordered by the corresponding author.
Color illustrations
Online publication of color illustrations is free of charge. For color in the print version, authors will be expected to make a contribution towards the extra costs.
Proof reading
The purpose of the proof is to check for typesetting or conversion errors and the completeness and accuracy of the text, tables and figures. Substantial changes in content, e.g., new results, corrected values, title and authorship, are not allowed without the approval of the Editor.
After online publication, further changes can only be made in the form of an Erratum, which will be hyperlinked to the article.
Online First
The article will be published online after receipt of the corrected proofs. This is the official first publication citable with the DOI. After release of the printed version, the paper can also be cited by issue and page numbers.
Editorial Board
Editor-in-Chief:
Diederik Aerts
Free University of Brussels, Belgium
Editorial Advisory Board:Ryszard Wójcicki, Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland; Paul Humphreys, Philosophy Dept., University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA; Nancy Delaney Cartwright, Philosophy Dept., London School of Economics, UK; Maria Luisa Dalla Chiara, Dip. di Filosofia, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Italy; Allan Franklin, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA; Michael Heller, Vatican Observatory, Vatican City State; Andrzej Lewenstam, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland; Fritz Rohrlich, Dept. of Physics, Syracuse University, USA; Patrick Suppes, Dept. of Philosophy, Stanford University, USA; Bastian C. Van Fraassen, Dept. of Philosophy, Princeton University, USA; Jan Zytkow, Computer Science Dept., Wichita State, USAAssistant Editors: Jan Broekaert, Brussels Free University, Belgium; Liane Gabora, Brussels Free University, Belgium
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