期刊名称：ANIMAL WELFARE
 期刊简介(About the journal)
投稿须知(Instructions to Authors)
编辑部信息(Editorial Board)
About the journal
Animal Welfare is a scientific and technical journal bringing together the results of responsible scientific research and technical studies related to the welfare of animals kept on farms, in laboratories, in zoos, as companions or living in the wild. The aim is to publish information that has welfare implications for individual animals across the whole range of species.
Animal Welfare contains scrutinised papers that previously would have been dispersed in the specialised literature and also includes welfare-oriented material which otherwise might not have been published. It acts as a focus for the advancement of animal welfare science and technology and helps ensure that the relevant knowledge becomes more readily available where most needed.
Animal Welfare is published for use by all concerned with the management, care and welfare of animals, such as zoologists and veterinarians, animal house curators, zoo keepers, laboratory animal technicians, agriculturalists and stockmen, as well as undergraduates and other students. The journal should also be of value to the legislative and regulatory authorities and other organisations generally responsible for the welfare of animals.
Abstracting
The journal is covered by the Science Citation Index and is abstracted in: Biological Abstracts; CAB Abstracts; Current Contents/Agriculture, Biology and Environmental Sciences; Current Primate References; EMBASE; Focus on: Veterinary Science & Medicine; Humans & Other Species; Research Alert; SciSearch; Toxicology Abstracts; Veterinary Update; it is indexed in Zoological Record.
Instructions to Authors
Animal Welfare is a scientific and technical journal bringing together the results of responsible scientific research and technical studies related to the welfare of animals kept on farms, in laboratories, in zoos, as companions or living in the wild. The aim is to publish information that has welfare implications for individual animals across the whole range of species.
Animal Welfare contains scrutinised papers that previously would have been dispersed in the specialised literature and also includes welfare-oriented material which otherwise might not have been published. It acts as a focus for the advancement of animal welfare science and technology and helps ensure that the relevant knowledge becomes more readily available where most needed.
Animal Welfare is published for use by all concerned with the management, care and welfare of animals, such as zoologists and veterinarians, animal house curators, zoo keepers, laboratory animal technicians, agriculturalists and stockmen, as well as undergraduates and other students. The journal should also be of value to the legislative and regulatory authorities and other organisations generally responsible for the welfare of animals.
Abstracting
The journal is covered by the Science Citation Index and is abstracted in: Biological Abstracts; CAB Abstracts; Current Contents/Agriculture, Biology and Environmental Sciences; Current Primate References; EMBASE; Focus on: Veterinary Science & Medicine; Humans & Other Species; Research Alert; SciSearch; Toxicology Abstracts; Veterinary Update; it is indexed in Zoological Record.
Refereed papers in Animal Welfare include:
Original articles, ie first reports of the authorís own work.
Invited Essays.
Review articles based largely on other scientists?work.
Short communications of less than 2000 words. These may be original, interpretative or review papers; factual accounts of field workers practical experiences in dealing with welfare problems; constructive critiques of other papers, etc.
Technical contributions from animal keepers, students, scientists, technicians etc, reporting practical methods of improving animal welfare.
Letters discussing topical issues.
Policy on studies involving live animals
Animal Welfare will not include papers based on work that involves unnecessary pain, distress, suffering or lasting harm. Manuscripts describing research involving live animals must include appropriate details, in the methods section, of animals used, housing and feeding, experimental design, experimental procedures, ethical considerations, and licences and approvals under which the work was carried out (see Methods).
Other restrictions
Material submitted must not have been published or submitted for publication elsewhere. Papers should not exceed 10 000 words (c20 pages of the journal including tables, diagrams and references).
Submission of manuscripts
Papers should be submitted preferably to the relevant Section Editor, otherwise to the Editor-in-Chief, in quadruplicate. Where possible, a computer disk of any IBM or Apple Macintosh compatible package (state which package has been used on the disk label) should be submitted with the final version of the manuscript. Please use minimal formatting, eg do not indent references.
The author should keep a further copy for proof corrections and revision if accepted. The author will be required to confirm in a covering letter that:
the legal requirement has been met, see Policy on studies involving live animals and Other restrictions above;
written permission has been obtained to reproduce text, illustrations or data or to quote from published works, and that suitable acknowledgements of source have been made;
for multi-author papers, all authors have agreed the final text for publication.
Style
Papers must be written in the English language. Most scrutinised scientific journals allow a style of English that mainly facilitates communication between specialists, often in a very restricted subject. Animal Welfare aims to extend its influence beyond specialists so it is essential that articles should be written in a style that is readily comprehensible to non-scientists such as administrators, lawyers, politicians and specialists in other disciplines.
This does not imply that writing should be less precise or rigorous, but clear simple English should be used and where specialist technical terms are unavoidable they should be paraphrased on first presentation. Authors?co-operation in this matter will be greatly appreciated. The journal reserves the right to edit for style and clarity.
Preparation of manuscripts
Manuscripts should be typewritten, double-spaced with lines numbered on single-sided A4, with generous margins. The pages should be numbered consecutively and securely fixed together. The contents should be organised into an Abstract (followed by keywords), Introduction, Methods section (including statistical analyses), presentation of Results and Discussion/Conclusion (including Animal welfare implications).
Title page
Give the full title and running title of the paper and the name(s) of the author(s). For multi-author papers the full e-mail, telephone, fax and postal addresses of the correspondent should be given, plus the addresses of the other authors. The correspondent must be clearly indicated.
Centre the title in bold capital letters. Name(s) and institutional address(es) of author(s) should be centred under the title in bold upper and lower case, eg
CARE AND MANAGEMENT OF WILD BIRDS
A N Other
University of Wheathampstead
Abstract
To consist of not more than 250 words. It should outline clearly and concisely the main findings without reference to the text and end in a brief statement on the paperís animal welfare implications.
Keywords
Three to six should be noted in alphabetical order below the abstract. These should include ëanimal welfare?and the common name of the main species involved (where appropriate). The keywords will be used for abstracting and indexing the article.
Methods
The description of the methods should be sufficiently detailed to allow replication of the work by other workers. In studies involving animals, provide details of numbers used and of species, strain, age, sex, source and other relevant characters. Full details should be given of experimental design, procedures and testing or observational regimes. Description of the statistical analyses should also be included as a subdivision of the methods section (see recent paper for format). If the animals were kept in captivity, provide relevant details of housing, feeding and management (eg type of housing and environment, diet and feeding regime, group size and composition, and acclimation and routine management procedures).
Where ethical considerations arise (eg if procedures compromise animal welfare or other ethical concerns), these should be addressed in the methods section. Any ethical implications and justifications of the experimental design or procedures should be described; details should be provided of licences or other permissions required for the work (eg from ethical review bodies). Measures undertaken to minimise the adverse welfare impact on animals involved, including choice of sample size, use of pilot tests and predetermined rules for intervention, should be described. The fate of all animals used in the study should be detailed. Steps taken to enhance the welfare of animals involved (eg through environmental enrichment) should also be outlined.
Data should be subjected to appropriate statistical analyses, with the chosen methods clearly described. Relevant references or details of software packages should be cited.
When expressing statistical probabilities, follow the following style: n = 7; ns ?not significant; P < 0.05, P = 0.1, one-tailed P < 0.01 (capital, italic P, single space either side of < or = sign); F5,25 = 2.61; where appropriate, indicate the number of degrees of freedom (as df = 3).
Animal welfare implications
To be set out at the end of the text as a subdivision of the discussion or conclusion.
References
List at the end of the text in alphabetical and chronological order of authors with the minimum of punctuation. Book and journal titles should be quoted in full, with the original spelling and punctuation, and italicised or underlined to indicate italics. For example, American spellings of ëbehavior and ëcolor are to be used if they have been published as such. Supply details of editor(s) and name and location of publisher for books and published conferences/symposia. For unpublished proceedings etc supply exact details of title, venue, date, location and sponsoring organisation.
The references should be listed in the following style:
Meyer-Holzapfel M 1968 Abnormal behavior in zoo animals. In: Fox M W (ed) Abnormal Behavior in Animals pp 24-38. W B Saunders: Philadelphia, USA
Benham P J F 1982 Social organization and leadership in a grazing herd of suckler cows. Applied Animal Ethology 9: 95 (Abstract)
Boudreau P L and Tsuchitani C 1973 Sensory Neurophysiology. Van Nostrand Reinhold: New York, USA
Dantzer R, MormËde P and Henry J P 1983 Physiological assessment of adaptation in farm animals. In: Baxter S H, Baxter M R and McCormack J A D (eds) Farm Animal Housing and Welfare pp 8-19. Martinus Nijhoff: The Hague, The Netherlands
Duncan I J H 1985 How do fearful birds respond? In: Wegner R M (ed) Proceedings of the Second European Symposium on Poultry Welfare pp 96-106. World Poultry Science Association: Celle, Germany
Mitchell M A and Kettlewell P J 1993 Catching and transport of broiler chickens. In: Savory C J and Hughes B O (eds) Fourth European Symposium on Poultry Welfare, 18-21 September, Edinburgh, UK pp 219-229. Universities Federation for Animal Welfare: Hertfordshire, UK
Eaton P 1987 Hygiene in the animal house. In: Poole T B (ed) The UFAW Handbook on the Care and Management of Laboratory Animals, 6th edition pp 144-158. Longman Scientific & Technical: Harlow, UK
Ross C 1988 The intrinsic rate of natural increase and reproductive effort in primates. Journal of Zoology 214: 199-219
Main headings
On a separate line, left-aligned in bold upper and lower case, eg
Animal health
Subheadings
On a separate line left-aligned in bold italics (or underlined to indicate italics), eg
Respiratory disorders
or
Respiratory disorders
Sub-subheadings
Avoid if possible; otherwise should be on a separate line left-aligned in italics.
Abbreviations
Acronyms should be in full the first time they appear, eg World Health Organisation (WHO). Full stops should not be used in contractions, for example ie etc eg, nor within acronyms. Figure or Table should not be abbreviated.
Footnotes
May be used in the text only when essential. Number consecutively and mark using superscripts. Insert each one immediately below the line citing it with a lineís spacing above and below. Footnotes to tables are to be indicated using superscript numbers and placed below the table.
Foreign words and phrases
Should be in italics except for common phrases (eg ëpost mortem, amputated phrases (eg ëpost hoc and abbreviations. However, et al should be in italics.
Locations
Give as latitude and longitude (specifying degrees, minutes and seconds).
Measurements
To comply with the abbreviations in the International System of Units (SI).
Numbers
One to nine should be written in words unless they precede units of measurement. Numbers 10 and above should be written as numerals except at the beginning of a sentence. The 24 hour clock should be used for times of day, eg 1400h and, if relevant, corrected to standard local time. Zero should be inserted before the decimal point for values less than one, eg P = 0.05. A space should separate groups of three digits in whole numbers exceeding four digits (100, 1000, 10 000 etc).
Paragraphs
To be indented except for those immediately after each heading.
References within the text
Cite with minimum punctuation, eg:
.. carried out by Smith and Jones (1985) ...
.. (Smith & Jones 1985)... ie use an ampersand when reference is in parentheses;
.. (Smith 1985; Jones 1986; Smythe 1986), ...ie put two or more references in chronological and then alphabetical order, and separate each authorís references by a semi-colon;
.. (Smith et al 1985)... ie use et al for three or more authors;
.. (Smith 1986a, b; 1988)... ie by an author in the same and in a subsequent year;
.. (Smith in press)... ie has been accepted for publication but is not yet published;
.. (Smith 1980, 1986, 1990; Jones 1981, 1982)... ie group all references to one authorís work together.
For detailing specific points within multi-chapter or lengthy volumes the reference may include the chapter or page numbers, eg (Smith 1987 Ch 7) or (Smith 1987 p 3-4). Citations of personal communications and unpublished data should be avoided if possible. When they have to be used they should include the named source of the personal communication and the date.
Check that spellings of authors?names and publication dates in the text and references are consistent.
Ensure that all references in the text appear in the reference section.
Ensure that all references in the reference section are cited in the text.
Scientific and common names
When first mentioned in the paper, species should be described by the common English name and defined by the full scientific name, eg rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Thereafter either rabbit or O. cuniculus may be used, preferably the former. Names of genera and species or subspecies should be in italics. Nomenclature for outbred laboratory animals should conform to that recommended by the Committee on Nomenclature, Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources, Washington DC, USA.
Spelling
This should be English and ?except for quotations and references ?conform to the first entry in the Concise Oxford English Dictionary.
Trade products
Give the brief address from where the product may be obtained eg ?..Kong Ball?(supplied by the Company of Animals, Chertsey, Surrey)... Denote any
Tables
Each table should be typed on a separate sheet and its place in the text indicated. Tables should be numbered with Arabic numerals. Titles should be brief and placed above the table. Titles between tables should be as consistent as possible. Additional information, such as the key or acknowledgement, should be shown below. Wherever possible, tables should be created using the table feature, which is available in most word processing packages, as opposed to using tabulation stops.
Figures
Please note that figures not following the format described below will need to be returned for revision and therefore the publication of the manuscript may be subject to delay. Please include figures on the submitted disk, if possible.
It is strongly recommended that you study an issue of the journal and consider how the figures that you propose to submit will ëfit in??both onto the page and into the style of the journal. For example, consider whether the figures will leave large amounts of blank space around their margins when inserted onto the page. Wasted space in the journal is discouraged for reasons of economy and page budget.
Figures should not be larger than A4 size, and must be cited in the text at least once.
All lines, letters and numbers must be suitable for reduction particular attention must be paid to this point. The maximum print area for figures (including legends) is 20x14cm. Try reducing the figure to make sure it is still clear. The original should not be more than twice the proposed final size to prevent reduction beyond 50%.
Figures should be as simple as possible; particularly avoid three-dimensional graphics. The x-axis on graphs should be slightly longer than the y-axis. There should be no enclosing lines on graphs or keys.
Standard error bars should be shown where possible. For data points these extend below and above the point with short horizontal lines denoting the ends. For histograms these extend above each block with a short horizontal line denoting the end.
Captions (Figure number plus title)
The figures should be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals and ëFigure?written in full, ie Figure 1. This should be accompanied by a brief title and a caption that is self-explanatory, needing no reference to the text. Provide captions on a separate sheet for original figures.
Similar figures should have the same format and similar titles/captions, so they can be easily compared (this also applies to Tables).
Figures that share captions should be marked (a), (b) etc in the top left-hand corner and if they have the same x-axis and/or y-axis measurement it may be possible to share axis labels.
Labels
All letters and numbers to be in Arial or Helvetica font, or a similar sans-serif font.
All letters in lower-case except the first letter of the first word.
No full stops after labels and no underlining.
Graph axis headings should include both parameter and unit.
SystËme International (SI) units should be used, noted in negative exponent form and in brackets at the end of the heading (as used in the Journal of Zoology; Applied Animal Behaviour Science; Nature), eg ëCorticosterone concentration (ng ml-1)
Font for the axis headings should be no larger than 11 point after reduction and the individual labels and keys no larger than 9 point after reduction.
The x- and y-axis headings should be in bold but not the individual labels for each axis eg 1, 2 etc, nor any labels on the graph itself.
Keys
Keys should be included within the graph in a blank space, preferably at the top right-hand corner (not enclosed in lines).
Only use shadings which are sharp and suitable for reduction, and are easily distinguished from each other. Black, white and large-spaced diagonal hatching are preferred.
Use large and preferably solid symbols (circles, triangles and squares) for data points, as small open symbols may appear solid after reduction.
If using dashed lines to join data points, ensure that they are distinguishable after reduction. Solid lines are the first preference.
Drawings
All drawings to be in Indian ink on good quality white paper or tracing paper. Only use lined/graph paper as a last resort. Hatching rather than stippling should be used on drawings as this reproduces more clearly. A bar scale with relevant units should be shown, or the magnification indicated.
Photographic prints (halftones)
Photographs are welcomed, and should be submitted as black and white, high contrast and good clarity, glossy prints. Enlargement should be avoided, as should indentations caused by paper clips or by writing on the back. A bar scale with relevant units should be shown, or the magnification indicated where relevant.
Photographed diagrams and diagrams produced on laser printers are also acceptable.
Authors wishing to publish coloured prints should contact the editorial office to discuss charges.
Submitting figures
When initially submitting the manuscript or after major revision, a photocopy of each figure with its caption must be submitted with each of the four copies of the manuscript. Also submit a separate list of all figure captions. The suggested place for insertion in the manuscript must be noted in the text. This also applies to all tables.
After minor revision two lettered originals of each figure must be submitted along with the necessary number of photocopies, and a list of the figure captions. However, the original figures should not have captions (the figure headings) but only the authorís name and figure number lightly pencilled on the back. Original figures should be laser printouts and placed in a plastic cover; these will be used directly by the printer.
Please include final version of figures on disk, if possible.
Permissions
Any figures that have been taken directly from other manuscripts must have copyright permission from both the author and the publisher, or only the author if the material is unpublished. This permission must be submitted in writing with the necessary signatures when the manuscript is submitted.
Letters
Readers are invited to submit and respond to observations and opinions on topical animal welfare issues, as well as on material published in the journal. Publication will be subject to editorial discretion and the journal reserves the right to edit for clarity and style.
Proofs
These are supplied in advance of publication and must be returned by the specified date; any delay in returning the proof may result in the paper being held over until a subsequent issue. Only essential corrections should be made. Charges may be levied for authors errors.
Reprints
The corresponding author of a paper will be supplied with a complimentary copy of the relevant journal issue and 25 free reprints. Further copies may be ordered at extra cost at the proof stage.
Copyright
The copyright of each paper published becomes the property of UFAW and written permission must be sought to reproduce any part or whole of the paper. However, UFAW will not put undue limitations on the author to use the material in other works.
Editorial Board
Editor-in-Chief: James K Kirkwood
Universities Federation for Animal Welfare
The Old School, Brewhouse Hill, Wheathampstead, Herts AL4 8AN, UK
Tel: 01582 831818 Fax: 01582 831414
Publications Officer: Elizabeth Roberts: Email:journal@ufaw.org.uk
Section Editors
Companion animals
Professor Dennis C Turner
Institute for Applied Ethology and Animal Psychology (IEAP)
Vorderi Siten 30, PO Box 32,
CH-8816 Hirzel, Switzerland
Laboratory animals
Professor Jann Hau
Division of Comparative Medicine
Uppsala University,
BMC Box 572,
751-23 Uppsala, Sweden
Poultry
Dr Neville Prescott
Silsoe Research Institute
Wrest Park
Silsoe
Bedfordshire MK45 4HS
General animal welfare science
Professor David Fraser
Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Centre for Applied Ethics
University of British Columbia,
2357 Main Mall - Suite 248,
Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada
Farmed mammals and fish
Professor Berry M Spruijt
Ethology and Welfare Group
Department of Animals and Society
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Utrecht University
Yalelaan 17
3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
Zoo and wild animals
Dr Miranda Stevenson
Ashlea, Dean Lane,
Bishops Waltham,
Hampshire SO32 1FX, UK
Ethics and philosophy
Professor Peter Sand¯e
Centre for Bioethics and Risk Assessment
Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University
Groennegaardsvej 8,
DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
Editorial Advisers
Dr Robert Baker - Australia
Dr M F Bouissou - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, France
Professor D Broom - University of Cambridge, UK
Professor M Stamp Dawkins - University of Oxford, UK
Mr Roger Ewbank - Ealing, London, UK
Dr Michael Festing - University of Leicester, UK
Professor Benjamin Hart - University of California, Davis, USA
Mr C Barrie Hart - Berkhamsted, Herts, UK
Professor David Morton - University of Birmingham, UK
Dr James Serpell - University of Pennsylvania, USA
Professor John Webster - University of Bristol, UK
Professor P R Wiepkema - Oosterbeek, The Netherlands
| 
