期刊名称：EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION
 期刊简介(About the journal)
投稿须知(Instructions to Authors)
编辑部信息(Editorial Board)
About the journal
 Epidemiology and Infection publishes original reports and reviews on all aspects of infection in humans and animals. Particular emphasis is given to the epidemiology, prevention and control of infectious diseases. The field covered is broad and includes the zoonoses, tropical infections, food hygiene, vaccine studies, statistics and the clinical, social and public-health aspects of infectious disease. Papers covering microbiology and immunology which have an epidemiological relevance are part of this broad field. Papers come from medical and veterinary scientists worldwide. It has become the key periodical in which to find the latest reports on recently discovered infections and new technology. For those concerned with policy and planning for the control of infections, the papers on mathematical modelling of epidemics caused by historical, current and emergent infections, will be of particular value.
Instructions to Authors
Epidemiology and Infection
Epidemiology and Infection publishes reports of research and original findings on subjects related to infectious diseases of both humans and animals. The requirements of the journal are in accordance with the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals [British Medical Journal 1991; 302: 338-341 and New England Journal of Medicine 1991; 324: 424-428.]. Attention is drawn to the sections on prior and duplicate publication and ethics.
Submission of manuscripts
Epidemiology and Infection accepts electronic submission of manuscripts, allowing authors to benefit from faster review and earlier, online publication. Authors should submit their manuscripts online to http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/hyg. Currently the system cannot accept files saved in Word 2007 docx format, please save your file as an earlier version (Word 2003 .doc). Please do not upload PDF files of your text, the system will automatically convert most file types directly.
Authors who are unable to submit online should contact the Editorial Office (veronika.aurens@lshtm.ac.uk) for assistance. For the purposes of reviewing, high-resolution graphics for figures are not necessary; authors may submit low-resolution or pdf versions of figures, but should ensure that they are of sufficient quality for viewing on-screen or by laser printing. On acceptance, high-resolution versions should be submitted, along with high-quality hard copies, to the publishing office. Full instructions and Help function are available on the site.
Covering letter: Manuscripts must be accompanied by a covering letter. This must include (a) information on prior or duplicate publication or submission elsewhere of any part of the work; (b) a statement of financial or other relationships that might lead to a conflict of interests; (c) a statement that the manuscript has been read and approved by all authors; and (d) the name and address (including email address) of the corresponding author, who is responsible for communicating with the other authors about revisions and final approval of the proofs.
A short summary of why the paper is thought to be important, and relevant to Epidemiology and Infection, is appreciated by the Editors.
Copyright and permissions: The manuscripts must be accompanied by copies of any permissions to reproduce published material, to use illustrations or report sensitive personal information of identifiable persons, or to name persons for their contributions. These can be sent as hard copies. The electronic version of the paper submitted should state that these are in the post. Authors of articles published in the journal assign copyright to Cambridge University Press (with certain rights reserved) and you will receive a copyright assignment form for signature on acceptance of your paper.
Preparation of manuscript files
Manuscripts must be in English and typed double-spaced. Allow margins of at least 1" (25 mm); do not hyphenate words at the end of lines and do not justify right margins. Include a title page, summary, text, acknowledgements, declaration of interest, references, tables, and legends for illustrations. Number the pages consecutively, beginning with the title page. Type the page number in the upper or lower right-hand corner of each page. Numbers should be spelled out when they occur at the beginning of a sentence; use Arabic numerals elsewhere. Abbreviations should be used sparingly and non-standard abbreviations should be defined at their first occurrence. Metric system (SI) units should be used. Manuscripts that do
not conform to the style of Epidemiology and Infection will be returned without review. Authors of accepted manuscripts will be requested to provide the Figures both as hard copy and electronically.
Title page
The title page should carry (a) the title of the article, which should be concise, but informative; (b) initials and last name of each author; (c) name of department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed; (d) disclaimers, if any; (e) name, mailing address and email address of author responsible for correspondence about the manuscript; (f) name and address of author to whom correspondence and requests for reprints should be addressed or statement that reprints will not be available from the author; (g) a short running head of no more than 40 characters (counting letters and spaces) placed at the foot of the title page and identified.
Authors are to be listed as initials and surname (family name) in the style A. B. SMITH (with full stops after initials). Do not spell out forenames and do not include degrees, status or position. Identify each authors institution by a superscript number (e.g. A.B. SMITH1) and list the institutions underneath and after the final author.
Authorship
All persons designated as authors should qualify for authorship. Each author should have participated sufficiently in the work to take public responsibility for the content. A paper with corporate (collective) authorship must specify the key persons responsible for the article; others contributing to the work should be recognized separately (see 'Acknowledgements'). Editors may require authors to justify the assignment of authorship.
Summary
The second page should carry a summary of no more than 150 words. The summary should state the purposes of the study or investigation, basic procedures (selection of study subjects or experimental animals; observational and analytical methods), main findings (give specific data and their statistical significance, if possible), and the principal conclusions. Emphasize new and important aspects of the study or observations. The Summary should be one continuous paragraph.
Text
Original Papers: The text of articles should normally be divided into sections with the headings Introduction, Methods, Results and Discussion. Papers should be only as long as they need to be, and preferably between 2000 and 4000 words. Please keep the number of references below 40.
Short Reports: The journal also publishes Short Reports in the form of a continuous narrative with the only separate section being the summary. These short reports are not published more rapidly but are intended to be the vehicles for valuable but limited or preliminary observations. The number of words should be below 3000, and we would normally expect not more than one table or figure, and up to 10 references.
Review Articles: The journal welcomes review papers, editorials and leading articles on recent developments, controversial issues and other aspects of infectious disease epidemiology. These are usually commissioned, but unsolicited papers are also welcomed. Preliminary discussion by email or letter with the Editor-in-Chief is advised. All papers in this category, including those commissioned, are peer reviewed.
General: All manuscripts should be submitted in English using English spellings. Manuscripts written by those whose primary language is not English should be edited carefully for language prior to submission. Authors who are not fluent in written English are encouraged to seek assistance in this regard before
submitting their manuscripts. The journal aims to communicate and educate across disciplines, and many of its readers do not have English as their first language, so plain language is always preferred.
Acknowledgements
One or more statements should specify (a) contributions that need acknowledging but do not justify authorship, such as general support by a department chairman; (b) acknowledgements of technical help; (c) acknowledgements of financial and material support, specifying the nature of the support.
Declaration of Interest: A statement must be provided listing all financial support received for the work and, for all authors, any financial involvement (including employment, fees, share ownership) or affiliation with any organization whose financial interests may be affected by material in the manuscript, or which might potentially bias it. This applies to all papers including editorials and letters to the editor.
Persons who have contributed intellectually to the paper but whose contributions do not justify authorship may be named and their function or contribution described ¨C for example, ¡®scientific adviser¡¯, ¡®critical review of study proposal¡¯, ¡®data collection¡¯, ¡®participation in clinical trial¡¯. Such persons must have given their permission to be named. Authors are responsible for obtaining written permission from persons acknowledged by name because readers may infer their endorsement of the data and conclusions. Technical help should be acknowledged in a paragraph separate from those acknowledging other contributions.
IN-HOUSE STYLE: GUIDANCE TO AUTHORS
Spelling: It is the convention of Cambridge University Press to use ¡®-ize¡¯, and not ¡®-ise¡¯, e.g. characterize, immunize. The following spelling is used for words that frequently appear:
programme (but program for computer software), diarrhoea, faeces, aetiology, centre, paediatric, titre, litre, analyse, epidemiological (not epidemiologic), and similarly, microbiological, serological, etc. Upper case in first letter and italics is used only for a microorganism when it is speciated e.g. Campylobacter sp. or Campylobacter jejuni, not when otherwise used, e.g. ¡®¡following culture, campylobacter were isolated ¡¡¡¯
Dates: The format ¡®26 January 1993¡¯ is used, and year durations are not elided, e.g. ¡®1993-1996¡¯ not ¡®1993-6¡¯.
Percentages: Use ¡®per cent¡¯ when following a figure that is spelt (e.g. at start of sentence ¡®Twelve per cent ¡.¡¯) and % when in text following numeral (e.g. 12%).
Numerals: Use numerals for figures over 10, and spell out figures one to ten. Note, however, that all time durations are numerals e.g. 1 h, 3 days, 5 weeks (unless beginning a sentence). Numerals are also used when numbers appear closely together, e.g. ¡®3 of 11, 6 of 9, 14 of 21¡¯, as this convention improves the visual appearance of the text. Thousands and millions are not separated by commas e.g. ¡®1200000¡¯ not ¡¯1,200,000¡¯, but will be separated by half spaces during printing. Avoid beginning a sentence with numbers over ten or decimal/fraction numbers. Spell out any numbers that are used to begin a sentence, e.g. Five¡: Nineteen¡; One hundred and twenty-four¡
References
Number references consecutively in the order in which they are first mentioned in the text. Identify references in text, tables and legends by Arabic numerals in square brackets (not superscript numbers). References cited only in tables or in legends to figures should be numbered in accordance with a sequence established by the first identification in the text of the particular table or illustration.
Use the style of the examples below, which are based on the formats used by the US National Library of Medicine in Index Medicus. The titles of journals should be spelled out in full. Consult List of Journals
Indexed in Index Medicus, published annually as a separate publication by the library and as a list in the January issue of Index Medicus.
Try to avoid using abstracts as references; ¡®unpublished observations¡¯ and ¡®personal communications¡¯ may not be used as references, although references to written, not oral, communications may be inserted (in parentheses) in the text. Include among the references papers accepted but not yet published, or published online only [supply Digital Object Identifier (doi) reference, if known]; designate the journal and add ¡®(in press)¡¯. Information from manuscripts submitted but not yet accepted should be cited in the text as ¡®unpublished observations¡¯.
The references must be verified by the author(s) against the original documents.
Do not insert full stops after author initials, commas after author surnames, or ¡®and¡¯ between last two authors.
Only use upper case first letters for the first word of the title of a paper or when a proper noun, e.g. ¡®Isolation from rabbits trapped in Australia¡¯, not ¡®Isolation from Rabbits Trapped in Australia¡¯ (even if this was the presentation in the journal of source).
Do not include issue number of a journal after volume e.g. ¡®1994; 10: 183-188.¡¯ not ¡®1994; 10 (12): 183-188¡¯.
Do not elide page numbers e.g. ¡®183-188; 11-18¡¯ not ¡®183-8; 11-8¡¯.
Ensure when giving a reference to a book that the town/city/country of the publisher is given in addition to their name.
Examples of correct forms of references are given below.
Journals
(1) Standard journal article ¨C
List all authors when three or fewer; when four or more, list only first author and add et al.
Wrensch M, et al. History of chickenpox and shingles and prevalence of antibodies to varicella-zoster virus and three other herpesviruses among adults with glioma and controls. American Journal of Epidemiology 2005; 161: 929¨C938. Published online: 15 May 2005; doi:10.1093/aje/kwi119.
(2) Corporate author
National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference Statement. Management of hepatitis C: 2002: 10¨C12 June 2002. Hepatology 2002; 36: S3¨CS20.
(3) No author given
Anon. Coffee drinking and cancer of the pancreas [Editorial]. British Medical Journal 1981; 283: 628.
(4) Journal supplement
Mastri AR. Neuropathy of diabetic neurogenic bladder. Annals of Internal Medicine 1980; 92 (2 Pt 2): 316-318.
Frumin AM, Nussbaum J, Esposito M. Functional asplenia: demonstration of splenic activity by bone marrow scan [Abstract]. Blood 1979; 54 (Suppl 1): 26a.
(5) Journal paginated by issue
Seaman WB. The case of the pancreatic pseudocyst. Hospital Practice 1981; 16: 24¨C25.
Books and other monographs
(6) Personal author(s)
Eisen HN. Immunology: an introduction to molecular and cellular principles of the immune response, 5th edn. New York: Harper and Row, 1974, pp. 406.
(7) Editor, compiler, chairman as author
Dausset J, Colombani J (eds). Histocompatibility Testing 1972. Copenhagen: Munksgaard, 1973: pp. 12¨C18.
(8) Chapter in book
Weinstein L, Swartz MN. Pathogenic properties of invading microorganisms. In: Sodeman Jr. WA, Sodeman WA, eds. Pathologic Physiology: mechanisms of disease. Philadelphia: Saunders, 1974, pp. 457¨C472.
(9) Published proceedings paper
Dupont B. Bone marrow transplantation in severe combined immuno-deficiency with an unrelated MLC compatible donor. In: White HJ, Smith R, eds. Proceedings of the Third Annual Meeting of theInternational Society for Experimental Hematology. Houston: International Society for Experimental Hematology, 1974: pp. 44¨C46.
(10) Monograph in a series
Hunninghake GW, et al. The human alveolar macrophage. In: Harris CC, ed.
Cultured Human Cells and Tissues in Biomedical Research. New York: Academic Press, 1980: pp. 54-56. (Stoner GD, ed. Methods and Perspectives in Cell Biology; vol. 1.)
(11) Agency publication
Ranofsky AL. Surgical operations in short-stay hospitals: United States ¨C 1975. Hyattsville, MD, USA: National Center for Health Statistics, 1978; DHEW publication no (PHS) 78-1785. (Vital and health statistics; series 13; no. 34.)
(12) Dissertation or thesis
Cairns RB, Infrared spectroscopic studies of solid oxygen [dissertation]. Berkeley, CA, USA: University of California, 1965, 156 pp.
Other articles
(13) Newspaper article
Shaffer RA. Advances in chemistry are starting to unlock mysteries of the brain: discoveries could help cure alcoholism and insomnia, explain mental illness. How the messengers work. Wall Street Journal 1977; 12 Aug.
(14) Magazine article
Roueche B. Annals of medicine: the Santa Claus culture. The New Yorker 1971; 4 Sep: pp. 66¨C81.
(15) Citation of databases or other sources from the internet
These should be included in the numbered list of References at the end of the article in the following format:
Full name of database [www address(URL)]. Date accessed.
See example below:
1. Swiss Life Sciences (SLS) Database (http://www.swisslifesciences.com/swisslifesciences/db/). Accessed 7 April 2005.
The text should contain a shortened version of the database title (for example, an acronym) and a numerical indicator linking it to the Reference section. See example below:
¡details can be found in the SLS database [1]. More information is¡
Tables
Type each table double spaced on a separate sheet. Do not submit tables as photographs. Number tables consecutively in the order of their first citation in the text and supply a brief title for each. Give each column a short or abbreviated heading. Place explanatory matter in footnotes, not in the heading. Explain in footnotes all non-standard abbreviations that are used in each table. Identify statistical measures of variations such as standard deviation, standard error of the mean. Do not use internal horizontal or vertical rules. Be sure that each table is cited in the text. If you use data from another published or unpublished source obtain permission and acknowledge fully.
Illustrations
Figures should be prepared electronically, or scanned from high-quality originals: freehand or typewritten lettering is unacceptable. Letters, numbers and symbols should be clear and even throughout and of sufficient size so that when reduced for publication each item will still be legible. Titles and detailed explanations belong in the legends for illustrations, not on the illustrations themselves.
Photomicrographs must have internal scale markers. Symbols, arrows or letters used in the photomicrographs should contrast with the background. If composite or multiple electronmicrographs, electrophoresis patterns, etc. are to be included, authors are requested to ensure that all the original photographic plates are of matched densities and contrast. If photographs of persons are used either the subjects must not be identifiable or their pictures must be accompanied by written permission to use the photograph. Figures should be numbered consecutively according to the order in which they have been
first cited in the text. If a figure has been published acknowledge the original source and submit written permission from the copyright holder to reproduce the material. Permission is required irrespective of authorship or publisher, except for documents in the public domain.
All electronic versions of figures should be submitted as TIFF files at 100% of a suitable final size. The color should be 300 dpi CMYK, Halftone and Grey-scale figures should be 300 dpi, and Mono images should be 600 dpi.
Legends for illustrations
Type legends for illustrations double spaced, starting on a separate page, with arabic numerals
corresponding to the illustrations. When symbols, arrows, numbers or letters are used to identify parts of the illustrations, identify and explain each one clearly in the legend. Explain the internal scale and identify method of staining in photomicrographs.
Units of measurement
Measurements of length, height, weight and volume should be reported in metric units (metre, kilogram, litre) or their decimal multiples. The terms kilobases and base pairs (abbreviations kb and bp) should be used when referring to nucleic acid sequences and the molecular mass of proteins and peptides should be given in kilodaltons (kDa). Temperatures should be given in degrees Celsius. Blood pressures should be given in millimetres of mercury (mmHg). All haematological and clinical chemistry measurements should be reported in the metric svstem in terms of the International System of Units (SI). Editors may request that alternative or non-SI units be added by the authors before publication.
Abbreviations and symbols
Use only standard abbreviations. Avoid abbreviations in the title and abstract. The full term for which an abbreviation stands should precede its first use in the text unless it is a standard unit of measurement. Do not use ampersands (&) unless part of a formal name, e.g. Procter & Gamble.
Online supplementary material
Supplementary material is not copy edited or typeset but loaded onto CJO exactly as supplied. Supplementary material must be submitted at the same time as the article and must be clearly marked to distinguish it from the main article text. Authors should ensure that they mention within their article that supplementary material is available on CJO.
(Revised 16/03/09)
Instructions to Authors
instructions for anthors.pdf
Editorial Board
Editorial Board
Senior Editor/Managing Editor
Norman Noah
Professor of Public Health
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
Keppel Street
London WC1E 7HT
Norman.Noah@lshtm.ac.uk
Editor
Dr Timothy Brewer
McGill University
International Health Office
Purvis Hall, Room 42
1020 Pine Av West, Montreal
Quebec H3A 1A2, Canada
Professor Anthony Fooks
Head of the Rabies and Wildlife Zoonoses Group
Veterinary Laboratories Agency - Weybridge
Woodham Lane, New Haw
Addlestone
Surrey KT15 3NB,
Dr Susan Hahn¨¦
RIVM
Centre for Infectious Disease Control
PO Box 1
3720 BA BILTHOVEN
The Netherlands
Dr Craig W Hedberg
Divison of Environmental and Occupational Health
School of Public Health
DelCode 8807, Room 1242 Mayo
420 Delaware Street S.E.
Minneapolis MN55455
USA
Professor C. Raina MacIntyre
National Centre for Immunisation Research
Level 2 Clinical Sciences Building
Childrens¡¯ Hospital at Westmead
Locked Bag 4001
Westmead NSW 2145
Australia
Professor Eduardo Massad
Medical Informatics
School of Medicine
University of Sao Paulo
Ave. Dr Arnaldo 455
Sao Paulo, CEP 01246-903 SP
Brasil
Dr Tyrone Pitt
Deputy Director
Laboratory of HealthCare Associated Infection
Specialist and Reference Microbiology Division
Health Protection Authority
61 Colindale Avenue
LONDON NW9 5HT
Professor Katharina Staerk
Vet Clinical Sciences
Royal Veterinary College
Hawkshead Lane
NORTH MYMMS
Herts AL9 7TA
Dr Tim Wreghitt
Clinical Microbiology & Public Health Laboratory
Box 236
Addenbrooke's Hospital
CAMBRIDGE CB2 2QW
Dr Mark Zuckerman
Dr M Zuckerman
London South Specialist Virology Centre
Health Protection Agency London
Kings College Hospital NHS Trust
Dulwich Hospital site
East Dulwich Grove
London SE22 8QF
United Kingdom
Editorial Board
Dr Preben Aavitsland
Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway
Professor R. M. Anderson
Imperial College , UK
Dr M. Bennett
University of Liverpool, UK
Dr Colin S. Block
Hadassah University Hospital, Israel
Professor Bohumil Drasar
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, UK
Dr Meirion R. Evans
PHLS CDSC, Cardiff, UK
Dr C. Fairley
Alfred Hospital, Prahran, Australia
Dr C. P. Farrington
The Open University, UK
Dr D M Fleming
Birmingham, UK
Dr Ken Forbes
University of Aberdeen, UK
Dr D Heymann
World Health Organisation, Switzerland
Dr S. A. Howell
Guy¡¯s and St Thomas¡¯s Medical and Dental School, London, UK
Dr T. J. Humphrey
University of Bristol, UK
Dr T. J. Marrie
University of Alberta, Canada
Dr Elizabeth Miller
PHLS Communicable Diseases Surveillance Centre, London, UK
Dr Philip Monk
Health Protection Agency, UK
Professor Peter Morgan-Capner
Royal Preston Hospital, UK
Dr Dale Morse
State of New York Department of Health, USA
Dr P. P. Mortimer
Virus Reference Laboratory, London, UK
Dr Zuber D. Mulla
Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, United States
Professor Kristy Murray
University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, USA
Dr Gopinath Balakrish Nair
National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, India
Dr Morris E. Potter
Food and Drug Administration, USA
Dr Shelley Rankin
University of Pennsylvania, USA
Dr R. L. Salmon
University of Wales College of Medicine, UK
Dr J. Keith Struthers
Coventry and Warwickshire Hospital, UK
Dr J. Stuart
Health Protection Agency South West, UK
Dr Robert Tauxe
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA
Dr E. J. Threlfall
Central Public Health Laboratory Service, UK
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