Please focus on the research, findings, descriptions, or materials you have to share with the reader. Concentrate on conveying this message in your main text. Supporting material, sometimes in languages other than English, should be included in appendices, which can also contain data files, computer programs, detailed technical documentation, and non-essential tables, maps, or figures.
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1 The Journal and its Content
Demographic Research is a free expedited English-language online journal that publishes refereed
- Research Articles
- Descriptive Findings
- Review Papers
- Reflexions
- Research Materials
- Summaries
on a continuous basis. Journal content is available online at all times. In order to allow readers an easy reprint option (for printing or downloading), we provide all content in .pdf files. Volumes 1-3 also provide .html format for the papers as well.
1.1 Submissions
The journal will not consider for publication papers that have been published elsewhere unless publication has been as a working paper or in a similar form. Presentations which have not been published as part of a printed volume of conference proceedings may be submitted. We welcome submissions in six categories:
The most traditional are Research articles, including research replications which contribute to an improvement of one¡¯s knowledge of demographic behavior, are accepted as submissions with the stipulation that they are submitted exclusively to Demographic Research.
We also encourage submission of Descriptive findings, speculative items, biographic essays, and bibliographic compilations. Descriptive findings are submissions of careful presentations of data without integrated theory. It is important to know what patterns of behavior need explaining before endeavoring to develop a theory or other generalization to cover them.
Review papers synthesize a large literature on a particular subject, often across disciplines. Ideally, it presents this literature in a common framework. It does not include new findings, other than pointing out differences of interpretation, inconsistencies, etc.
Research materials include descriptions of data sources and of available data sets that are ready for analysis, including partly processed, cleaned versions of such data sets produced to facilitate further analysis, perhaps of a comparative nature. This can include repetitive but nontrivial tabulations and pattern descriptions covering a steadily expanding string of countries, regions, or periods, descriptions of useful software systems, bibliographic compilations, and any other contributions that help facilitate the demographic research process without in themselves being articles containing demographic research, descriptive findings, or reflexions.
Reflexions are also accepted as submissions and can be in written format (text) or multimedia format (video or sound-clip). Reflexions are usually brief contributions that critically assess various aspects of the content published in the journal. They may also focus on currently-discussed or "hot topic" demographic research findings, data, theory, tools, methods, or publications which have not been previously discussed in the journal.
Summaries are generally brief descriptions of collections of material, conference proceedings, or projects in progress. A summary should serve to make readers aware of material published in this journal or elsewhere, while describing content and relevance.
Our prime criteria for accepting material as submissions are those of discovery, innovation, usefulness, and quality in equal measure. All submissions, including reflexions and summaries, are subject to peer review. Please indicate the type of submission you are sending - whether a research article, a descriptive finding, a review paper, research materials, reflexion, or a summary.
1.2 No Fees
There are no fees associated with publication of contributions. Authors will not be asked to contribute to costs of processing, formatting, or storing publications.
1.3 Publication Organization and Availability
The journal publishes two volumes each year, each covering a six-month period of January through June or July through December. Completed volumes will remain on the Internet and are also available through a print-on-demand service on an at-cost basis. Readers will be able to have free Internet access to the total content of the journal at all times. All material published is protected by copyright. The copyright for the journal and its contents is held by the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Munich, Germany.
1.3.1 Print-on-demand format
The journal offers print-on-demand versions of journal content as an extra service for depository libraries and institutes. This is done on an at-cost basis and is seen as supplementary publication. For more details, please see "Ordering a bound Print Version". Please note that print versions of each volume will not appear until at least one year after online publication. Even after the print version is available, all readers will continue to have free Internet access to the total content of the journal.
1.4 Speed of Publication
If accepted for publication by our Scientific Review Board, contributions will be published as soon as possible on a rolling basis. Once peer-review has ended and the author has been notified that the material is accepted, the editorial staff will work together with the author to prepare the content for publication. The date of first submission and the date of online publication will be listed online for each paper.
2 Guidelines for Submissions
These guidelines document the requirements which the editorial and technical staff have with regard to the publication of the journal. We ask authors to remember that all contributions must be in English. Spelling and usage should be according to the conventions of either British or American English and should be consistent throughout. Also, poorly written submissions will not be accepted for review. In order to accomplish rapid review and publication, the editorial staff will not edit contributions in any way. Specifically, this means that we cannot:
- edit the incorrect usage of words or punctuation,
- revise poor sentence construction,
- reorganize the structure of contributions, or
- correct spelling mistakes.
2.1 Supported Electronic Formats
The following formats are acceptable:
- Microsoft Word for Windows (all versions),
- Microsoft Word for DOS (all versions),
- WordPerfect for Windows (all versions),
- Word Perfect for DOS (all versions),
- AmiPro,
- ASCII
- Rich Text Format (.rtf), and
- LaTeX.
Contributions, once refereed and accepted, which are sent to us in any of these formats will be published in PDF. PDF stands for "portable document format" which was developed by Adobe and can be read using Adobe Acrobat Reader. PDF is a standard international format for printing and/or downloading, which is the main reason why we use it.
IMPORTANT: Should you send us a contribution in a format not in the bulleted list above, we will still consider your contribution for the journal (whether it will be published or not depends upon the decision of our Scientific Review Board). If the submission is accepted for publication, we will ask that you bear the responsibility for converting it into the form we need.
Send your submission by e-mail to our submissions desk (
). In special circumstances you may also send us your contribution on diskette. If you intend to mail a diskette, please contact the Assistant Managing Editor prior to dispatch, so we know that it will be coming by post. Address the diskette to: The Assistant Managing Editor, Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Konrad-Zuse-Strasse 1, 18057 Rostock, Germany.
2.2 Submission Procedure
When submitting your work, please include an e-mail cover note with the following information:
- Disclosure indicating whether or not this submission has already been published in any other language or in any other publication. Give details.
- Date of this submission
- Title of submission
- Name(s), academic degrees, affiliations, and e-mail addresses of all authors. If the authors have personal homepages on the WWW, include this information here, but only if each author who has a homepage has agreed to the publication of their WWW address.
- Name, address, e-mail, telephone number and fax number of the corresponding author
- Source of funding, if applicable
- Brief abstract (100 words or less) for contributions exceeding 1000 words. (The abstract or summary should also appear in the attachment which contains the text of your submission.)
- Classification of the type of submission this is (research article, descriptive finding, review paper, research material, reflexion, or summary)
- Keywords or keyword phrases. Please list up to ten (10) words or phrases describing the subject content of your contribution.
- Word count of the full submission (do not include your e-mail cover note text)
- Word count, as above, but excluding notes and references
- Brief listing of all attachments, including information about their formats
The first attachment should be the main text or body of your submission. Should you wish to include larger figures, photographs, sound clips, video clips, or large tables which have not been incorporated into the text of the article, please include these as separate attachments and label them accordingly. All submission material - the cover note and all attachments - should be placed in one e-mail message. Should multiple e-mails or zip files be necessary, please state this clearly in your e-mail cover letter.
Give each attachment a descriptive file name, such as "main text" or "photo1" or "video3" or "figure5", which clearly represents its content as well as its location in the submission. If you prefer to group all your images together in one attachment, and all your figures in another, that would also be acceptable as long as the file names are descriptive of their content.
2.3 Page Numbers
Please do not number the pages of your contribution or enter any other automatic headers or footers. Our staff will insert temporary page numbers before the review process. Once a contribution is accepted for publication, new page numbers will be inserted by the staff according to Volume specifications.
2.4 Section Headings and Numbers
For any contribution of more than 1000 words your text should be structured by the use of short textual section headings and subsection headings which are as informative as possible and indicate the paper's logical flow, avoiding abbreviations and punctuation.
This "Information for Authors" document uses headings at three levels. See the first section heading of this document, The Journal and its Content, which has the number 1. That section has four first-level subsections which each have headings. These are numbered 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, and 1.4. You will also see a second-level subsection: 1.3.1.
Since all headings will have numbers to reflect their hierarchical level, authors are invited to use "see-references," such as: (see 1.1). The abstract should not be assigned a section number as it is listed separately from the main text.
2.5 Length of Submission
It is recommended that the main text of contributions not exceed 10,000 words, although there is neither an upper nor a lower limit on length.
2.6 Abstract
A short abstract (100 words or less) is required for any contribution which has a text component of over 1000 words. For contributions of fewer than 1000 words, a very short summary is required. The abstract or summary should appear in two places: in the attachment which contains the text of your submission (without a section number), as well as in the e-mail cover note.
2.7 References and Notes
Starting with publications in Volume 12, we ask authors to provide notes and comments as footnotes within the flow of the text, generally at the bottom of the page. Should your notes contain charts, tables, long equations, or other items that make a footnote impractical, it is also acceptable to include this information in an appendix or as an endnote. Please indicate this with the use of parentheses (Endnote 1).
Cite the references in your text by using parentheses after the text which requires a reference, for example: (Adams 1998) or (Smith and Jones 1986). Multiple references can be listed together as follows: (Smith and Jones 1986, Adams 1998, Maier et al. 1999). Do not use any other style of parentheses. No full length bibliographic references should appear in the main text of the submission. All references should be placed at the end of the submission, listed alphabetically according to the last name of the first author of the work you are citing. For example:
Adam, Sue ...
Beyer, Mike ...
Carsten-Mayer, Henry
In general, bibliographic references should be cited as follows (the examples below show a journal reference, a book reference, a book chapter reference, and a government publication):
Author A, Author B, Author C. (Year of Publication). "Title of Article." Name of Journal, Volume, Issue: Page-Page.
Author A, Author B. (Year of Publication). Title. City: Publisher.
Author A. (Year of Publication). Title of Chapter. In: Author B, Author C, editors. Title of Book. City: Publisher: Page-Page.
Central Statistical Office [Zimbabwe]. (1993). Census 1992. Provincial profiles. Harare.
Please avoid the use underlined text in the bibliographic references. Italicized or boldfaced font can be used. Include all bibliographic elements (such as: all the authors of a work, the full title of a journal article or conference paper, both the volume and issue number for a journal, the year of publication for books or articles, the location of a meeting and the dates it took place, the date of "access" for WWW pages). As a general rule, any bibliographic element which helps readers understand the relevance of the cited work or which helps readers obtain a copy of the work should be included.
Demographic Research will list the first three authors of a cited reference in the text, for instance (Smith, Jones, and Mayer 1999). If a reference has four or more authors, only the first author will be listed, (Smith et al. 1999).
Should you be using a bibliographic software package to create a bibliography or prefer a standard style, then output your bibliographic citations in either the American Sociological Association format (PDF) or the Vancouver format. Either of these is acceptable.
The URL (universal resource locator) address for a WWW site should not be given directly in the text of your contribution. Full URL addresses should appear in your references or footnotes listing. The editorial staff will check all WWW addresses in contributions to ensure that they are active, accurate and not in violation of copyright or other publication law. This will be done before your contribution is published.
2.8 Diagrams
Diagrams should be submitted as .jpeg, .jpg or .gif files either imbedded in the text file or as attachments. If you send attachments, name each file clearly as to which figure it contains, for example: figure1.gif. The attachments should also contain the figure number and caption within the graphic itself for the review process. Please follow this pattern for all the diagrams you submit.
Please remember to use the same x- and y-axes on diagrams that you want your reader to compare and scale your images accordingly. Also, since many people only have access to black and white printers, please consider varying color lines or shadings so that they show up on a gray scale as well. If you use extensive color in your diagrams, please make a note of this in your cover letter so that we can ensure that our reviewers use a color printer when they read your submission. If your submission is accepted for publication, we can add a note suggesting that readers use a color printer or view diagrams online.
2.9 Tables
Use the table creation tools available in your word processor to make your tables. Do not use the "tab key" or the "space bar" approach. Please define any symbols or abbreviations used in a table immediately below the table itself. Include the caption you want to use for the table either in your main text file or in the attachment containing the table, should you decide to send the table as an attachment.
2.10 Mathematical Formulae and Symbols
Most word processors have formula editors. We recommend that authors use these formula editors for their contributions. Typing simple formulae or mathematical expressions, such as expressions containing Greek letters, directly into the contribution using normally-available keyboard characters and sub- and superscripts is also acceptable. In both cases, formulae should be italicized. The formula editors should be used when any special mathematical characters are required, such as the symbols for summation, and integration.
Formulae, such as (1), which for various reasons become separated from the text to which they relate, should be numbered. Also numbering the formulae in your contribution will make it easier to refer back to them. Number formulae and expressions using parentheses around the number. Complex expressions and formulae should be centered in the appropriate text location of the contribution.
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2.11 Photographs, Images, Other Visual Material
The editorial staff encourages authors to make full use of electronic media. For most photographs and images, we suggest .jpeg, .jpg or .gif. We will also accept high quality photographs and other images for scanning, should authors not have scanning technology at their location. Such photographs or images should be mailed by post. Only after we have received these photographs and/or images can we begin the review process.
As a general rule, visual material should not be so large in size that it does not view easily on a standard computer monitor. In terms of pixels this means that an image should not be larger than 750x550 pixels. Please provide captions for images and photographs (and other visual material) as part of your .jpeg, .jpg or .gif file.
2.12 Video and Sound Clips
Acceptable formats for video and sound clips include: mpeg, .mpg, .avi and animated .gif files. Be sure to describe all video and sound clips fully in your text or in your e-mail cover letter. Name the video and sound clip file attachments in such a way that their format and content are clear. We recommend that video and sound clips be relatively small in size, as not all readers have access to high-speed ISDN connections.
2.13 Acknowledgments
Acknowledgments should be placed at the end of the contribution, just before references list. The acknowledgments section is generally the last numbered section of a publication.
2.14 Review Process
The names of the Scientific Review Board members who have agreed to review a specific contribution will not be revealed to the author(s) of the contribution. It is, however, our policy to give our Scientific Review Board members information about the author(s) of all contributions under review. This means that our review process is "half-blind" and that the paper will be sent out for review with the full name, affiliation, and contact information of the author. Authors should submit work in files that contain all such information on the first page.
2.15 Copyright Assignment and Publication Rights
This section explains the basis of our cooperation concerning the publication of your contribution on the Internet at www.demographic-research.org. Before you submit material to Demographic Research, please read the Copyright Notice for readers and users. Before your contribution can be published, we will need to have all authors and co-authors listed our copyright terms and sign the copyright agreement for authors.
Should you have any questions about any of the agreement terms, please contact the Managing Editor.
2.16 Changes to Published Material in Demographic Research
Authors of accepted papers are asked to do a final proofreading of the PDF version of their publications online or via e-mail before the work is released. The office staff will usually send the author an e-mail containing a direct link to the final draft. Once the author has approved release of the material in this form, the office staff will enter the exact date of publication and release the material. No corrections of spelling, punctuation, phrasing, layout, or formatting will be made in the document after publication. It is, however, possible to update references to links which are no longer active or have relocated (such as a working paper which is later published) at any time.
If it is necessary to make other changes or additions to the document after publication, the author must request this in a message to the office staff. The Managing Editor will consider each request on a case-by-case basis.
字顺( Alphabetical List of Journals):
The Editor is Nico Keilman.
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