Please use no more than three levels of displayed headings.
Abbreviations and acronyms
Abbreviations should be defined at first mention and used consistently thereafter.
SI units, numbers
Please always use internationally accepted signs and symbols for units, SI units.
Footnotes
Footnotes on the title page are not given reference symbols. Footnotes to the text are numbered consecutively; those to tables should be indicated by superscript lower-case letters (or asterisks for significance values and other statistical data).
Acknowledgments
Acknowledgments of people, grants, funds, etc. should be placed in a separate section before the reference list. The names of funding organizations should be written in full.
References
The list of References should only include works that are cited in the text and that have been published or accepted for publication. Personal communications and unpublished works should only be mentioned in the text. Do not use footnotes or endnotes as a substitute for a reference list.
Citation in text
Cite references in the text by name and year in parentheses. Some examples:
- Negotiation research spans many disciplines (Thompson 1990)
- This result was later contradicted (Becker and Seligman 1996)
- This effect has been widely studied (Abbott 1991; Barakat et al. 1995; Kelso and Smith 1998; Medvec et al. 1993)
- Negotiation research spans many disciplines (Thompson 1990a, b)
List style (APA)
Reference list entries should be alphabetized by the last names of the first author of each work.
Journal article
Harris, M., Karper, E., Stacks, G., Hoffman, D., DeNiro, R., Cruz, P. et al. (2001). Writing labs and the Hollywood connection. Journal of Film Writing, 44(3), 213-245.
Book (authored)
Calfee, R. C., & Valencia, R. R. (1991). APA guide to preparing manuscripts for journal publication. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Book (edited)
Felner, R. D., Jason, L. A., Moritsugu, J. N., & Farber, S. S. (Eds.) (1983). Preventive psychology: Theory, research and practice. New York: Pergamon Press.
Book chapter
O’Neill, J. M., & Egan, J. (1992). Men’s and women’s gender role journeys: Metaphor for healing, transition, and transformation. In B. R. Wainrib (Ed.), Gender issues across the life cycle (pp. 107-123). New York: Springer.
Paper presented at a conference
Phelan, J. C., Link, B. G., Stueve, A., & Pescosolido, B. A. (1996). Have public conceptions of mental health changed in the past half century? Does it matter? Paper presented at the 124th Annual Meeting of the American Public Health Association, New York.
Dissertation
Trent, J. W. (1975). Experimental acute renal failure. Dissertation, University of California.
Newspaper article
Di Rado, A. (1995, March 15). Trekking through college: Classes explore modern society using the world of Star Trek. Los Angeles Times, p. A3.
Patent
Norman, L. O. (1998). Lightning rods. US Patent 4,379,752, 9 Sept 1998
Article by DOI
Slifka, M.K., Whitton, J.L. (2000) Clinical implications of dysregulated cytokine production. Journal of Molecular Medicine, doi:10.1007/s001090000086
Online document
Doe J (1999) Title of subordinate document. In: The dictionary of substances and their effects. Royal Society of Chemistry. Available via DIALOG. http://www.rsc.org/dose/title of subordinate document. Cited 15 Jan 1999
Tables
- All tables are to be numbered using Arab numerals
- Tables should always be cited in text in consecutive numerical order
- For each table, please supply a table heading. The table title should explain clearly and concisely the components of the table
- Identify any previously published material by giving the original source in the form of a reference at the end of the table heading
- Footnotes to tables should be indicated by superscript lower-case letters (or asterisks for significance values and other statistical data) and included beneath the table body
Figures
- All figures are to be numbered using Arab numerals
- Figure parts should be denoted by lowercase letters
- Figures should always be cited in text in consecutive numerical order
- For each figure, please supply a figure caption
- Make sure to identify all elements found in the figure in the caption
- Identify any previously published material by giving the original source in the form of a reference at the end of the caption
- For more information about preparing your illustrations, please follow the hyperlink to the artwork instructions on the right
ESM
If Electronic supplementary material (EMS) is submitted, it will be published as received from the author in the online version only. ESM may consist of
- information that cannot be printed: animations, video clips, sound recordings
- information that is more convenient in electronic form: sequences, spectral data, etc.
- large original data, e.g. additional tables, illustrations, etc.
- If supplying any ESM, the text must make specific mention of the material as a citation, similar to that of figures and tables (e.g., “..as shown in Animation 3.”).
- For details on formats and other information, please follow the hyperlink to the specific instructions for electronic supplementary material on the right