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期刊名称：HYPERTENSION

ISSN：0194-911X
版本：SCI-CDE
出版频率：Monthly
出版社：LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, USA, PA, 19103
  出版社网址：http://www.lww.com/
期刊网址：http://hyper.ahajournals.org/
影响因子：10.19
主题范畴：PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE

期刊简介(About the journal)    投稿须知(Instructions to Authors)    编辑部信息(Editorial Board)   


About the journal

 

 

Hypertension publishes scientific investigation of the highest quality in the broad field of blood pressure regulation and pathophysiology, clinical treatment, and prevention of hypertension. The editors encourage submission of original articles that deal with basic, clinical, and population studies of hypertension and related fields such as nephrology, endocrinology, neuroscience, vascular biology, physiology, pharmacology, cellular and molecular biology, and genetics.


Instructions to Authors

Hypertension publishes scientific investigation of the highest quality in the broad field of blood pressure regulation and pathophysiology, clinical treatment, and prevention of hypertension. The editors encourage submission of original articles that deal with basic, clinical, and population studies of hypertension and related fields such as nephrology, endocrinology, neuroscience, vascular biology, physiology, pharmacology, cellular and molecular biology, and genetics.

Submitted manuscripts must not contain material previously published, except as an abstract, and must not be under consideration for publication elsewhere, in whole or in part. Manuscripts should conform to "Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals" (N Engl J Med. 1991; 324:424-428). Manuscripts are examined by the editors and are usually sent to expert reviewers. Decisions will generally be communicated within 3 weeks after receipt of the manuscript. Acceptance is based on originality, scientific excellence, and topical balance of the journal.

Address new and revised manuscripts and correspondence to the editorial office:

John E. Hall, PhD
Hypertension Editor-in-Chief
University of Mississippi Medical Center
2500 N. State St.
Jackson, MS 39216-4505
Phone: 601-815-1667
Fax: 601-815-1675 or 601-984-1833
Email: hypertension@umc.edu
Online Submission: http://submit-hyper.ahajournals.org

Editorial Conflict-of-Interest Policy. Original manuscripts authored or coauthored by the Editor in Chief and/or any of the Associate Editors are handled by either a Consulting Editor or an Associate Editor at a different institution, who makes all decisions about the manuscript, (including choice of referees and ultimate acceptance or rejection). The entire process is handled confidentially. All manuscripts submitted from the Editor's home institutions are also handled entirely by either a Consulting Editor or an Associate Editor at a different institution. The Editor in Chief and/or Associate Editors may additionally, from time to time, refer a manuscript to a Consulting Editor to avoid a perceived or real conflict of interest. AHA Scientific Publishing Ethical Conduct Policy

Article Types

Original Scientific Communications. These are regular (original manuscripts) scientific contributions. Manuscripts should not exceed 6000 words including title page, abstract, references, legends, tables, and figures. (Please note that a single bar graph is approximately 150 words, and table with 3 columns and 10 rows is approximately 100 words.) In exceptional circumstances, the editors may consider manuscripts longer than 6000 words when design complexity or research requires a greater length. For preparation, see "General Instructions."

Brief Reviews. Brief Reviews are generally invited by the Editors and are definitive summaries of areas that are important to research in hypertension and related areas. Reviews should briefly, but comprehensively, review the literature on a specified topic. The topic should be timely and sufficiently focused to allow a comprehensive review without exceeding 6000 words, including title page, abstract, references, legends, and tables, and figures. (Please note that a single bar graph is approximately 150 words, and table with 3 columns and 10 rows is approximately 100 words.) In special circumstances, reviews may exceed these page limits and specific guidelines will be provided at the time that the review is invited. The author should discuss controversies that have been resolved or that remain, the future of the field both technically and conceptually, and define major unresolved questions. All Brief Reviews, whether invited or not, will undergo peer review.

Hypertension Grand Rounds. These articles are invited reviews that take a case-based approach, including topics related to diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of hypertension. The case presentation will be followed by a discussion of scientific and practical clinical issues related to the case. Where applicable, a discussion of future research necessary for resolving unanswered questions will be included. The topic should be timely and sufficiently focused to allow a comprehensive review without exceeding 6000 words, including title page, case presentation, references, legends, tables, and figures . (Please note that a single bar graph is approximately 150 words, and table with 3 columns and 10 rows is approximately 100 words.) In special circumstances, reviews may exceed these page limits and specific guidelines will be provided at the time that the review is invited. Hypertension Grand Rounds, whether invited or not, will undergo peer review.

Hypertension Highlights. These articles are intended to highlight, provide further perspective, and enhance the overall significance of recent studies published in Hypertension that contribute to our understanding of hypertension and related areas. Hypertension Highlights should be approximately 3000 words and review progress that has occurred during the past 2-3 years in a focused area of hypertension research. Figures that effectively illustrate and summarize key points are encouraged. References should generally be restricted to those published in Hypertension during the last 2-3 years.

Editorial Commentaries. These articles are invited brief commentaries on articles that appear in Hypertension or on topics of particular importance to the readers of the journal. They should be approximately 1500 words, describe controversial issues, and review questions that remain to be addressed. Use of a figure to illustrate key points is encouraged. References are limited to 10 and generally should be restricted to recent years. Editorial Commentaries are generally invited by the editors, but whether invited or not, they will undergo peer review.

Tutorials. These are similar to Brief Reviews but are presented at a level commensurate with their use as a teaching tool. Schematic diagrams and figures are encouraged wherever possible to illustrate important scientific or technical points. Elements of Editorial Commentaries can also be integrated into the tutorial at the author's discretion. The topic should be timely and sufficiently focused to allow a comprehensive review without exceeding 6000 words, including title page, abstract, references, legends, and tables, and figures. (Please note that a single bar graph is approximately 150 words, and table with 3 columns and 10 rows is approximately 100 words.) In special circumstances, Tutorials may exceed these page limits and specific guidelines will be provided at the time that the review is invited. The author should discuss controversies that have been resolved or that remain, the future of the field both technically and conceptually, and define major unresolved questions. Tutorials, whether invited or not, will undergo peer review.

Letters to the Editor. Letters to the Editor express views about articles published in Hypertension. Letters should be no longer than 500 words and should relate to an article published in Hypertension, within the preceding three months. References are limited to 5. Authors of the article cited in the letter will be invited to reply, as appropriate, and the reply must be signed by all authors of the original publication.

Preliminary or circumscribed novel findings of unusual interest may also be submitted as a Letter to the Editor and should be no longer than 1000 words. Authors must double-space text and references, provide a brief title, and obtain signatures from all authors on a copyright transfer agreement for all Letters to the Editor. Letters and replies are reviewed by the Editors and may be edited, and they will appear online only.

Manuscript Submissions

Online Submissions: A formal online submission module to Hypertension is available. To submit your original or revised manuscript, please go to http://submit-hyper.ahajournals.org and follow the detailed instructions located on our submission website. If you have any questions about the online submission process, please feel free to contact the Editorial Office at hypertension@umc.edu . If you do not receive confirmation of submission within three days, please contact the Editorial Office. The following items should be uploaded at the time of submission:

  1. A cover letter that includes a statement of submission: "All authors have read and approved the submission of the manuscript; the manuscript has not been published and is not being considered for publication elsewhere, in whole or in part, in any language, except as an abstract." The cover letter may include the names of six to eight potential reviewers, with address, email address, and fax number, who are experts in the area of research and who do not have a conflict of interest. It is especially helpful to suggest three to four members of the Editorial Board.

  2. Authorship Responsibility and Copyright Transfer Agreement

  3. Acknowledgment release signatures, if applicable

  4. One copy of any potentially overlapping work that is in preparation, has been previously submitted or published, or is in-press, if applicable

  5. One copy of any article currently in-press, which is cited in the References, if applicable

  6. One copy of any abstracts published or submitted for publication, if applicable

  7. All sources of support must be cited

  8. All potential conflicts of interest related to the manuscript must be stated Conflict of Interest Disclosure Questionnaire

If you are unable to upload the items above, please fax them to the Hypertension Editorial Office within 48 hours after completion of online manuscript submission.

Instructions for Assembling Submissions

  • Manuscripts must be typed, double-spaced using a 12-point font, including references, figure legends, and tables.

  • Leave 1-inch margins on all sides. Do not use proportional spacing or justified margins.

  • Number every page except the title page, including figures, tables, and references. Cite each figure and table in text in numerical order.

  • Assemble manuscripts in this order:
    1. Title page
    2. Abstract
    3. Text, including Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, and Perspectives
    4. Acknowledgments
    5. Source(s) of Funding
    6. Conflict(s) of Interest/Disclosure(s)
    7. References
    8. Figure Legends
    9. Tables
    10. Figures

  • Cite each reference in text in numerical order and list in the References section. In-text reference numbers may be repeated but not omitted.

  • Use SI units of measure in all manuscripts. For example, molar (M) should be changed to mol/L; mg/dL to mmol/L; and cm to mm. Units of measure previously reported as percentages (ie, hematocrit) are expressed as a decimal fraction. Measurements currently not converted to SI units in biomedical applications are blood and oxygen pressures, enzyme activity, H+ concentration, temperature, and volume. The SI unit should be used in text, followed by the conventionally used measurement in parentheses.

  • For style, consult the American Medical Association Manual of Style, 9th ed , Baltimore, MD, Williams & Wilkins, 1998. (NOTE: The use of et al. in the author listing of references is not allowed.)

  • Please provide sex-specific and/or racial/ethnic-specific data, when appropriate, in describing outcomes of epidemiologic analyses or clinical trials; or specifically state that no sex-based or racial/ethnic-based differences were present. See the Uniform Requirements for more details.

  • Consult current issues of Hypertension for examples of format.

Guidelines for Clinical Trials

  • In accordance with the Clinical Trial Registration Statement from the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) (Circulation. 2005;111:1337-1338.), all clinical trials submitted for publication in Hypertension must be registered in a public trials registry at or before the onset of participant enrollment. This requirement applies to all clinical trials that begin enrollment after July 1, 2005.

  • Research is considered to be a clinical trial if it involves prospective assignment of human subjects to an intervention or comparison group to study the relation between a medical intervention and a health outcome. Studies that are designed for other purposes, such as to study pharmacokinetics or major toxicity studies (e.g., phase 1 trials) are exempt.

  • The registry must be accessible to the public at no charge, searchable, open to all prospective registrants, and managed by a not-for-profit organization. The registry must include the following information: a unique identifying number, a statement of the intervention(s), study hypothesis, definition of primary and secondary outcome measurements, eligibility criteria, target number of subjects, funding source, contact information for the principal investigator, and key dates (registration date, start date, and completion date). The registries listed below are approved by the ICMJE:
    1. United States National Library of Medicine

    2. International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN)

    3. University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN)

    4. Australian Clinical Trials Registry (ACTR)

    5. Netherlands Trial Register

    Clinical trials maybe listed with Other registries, but these registries must meet the above-mentioned requirements.

  • The authors will be requested to provide the exact URL and unique identification number for the trial registration at the time of submission. This information will be published in a footnote on the first page of the article.

  • Clinical trial reports should also comply with the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) and include a flow diagram presenting the enrollment, intervention allocation, follow-up, and data analysis with number of subjects for each. Please also refer specifically to the CONSORT Checklist of items to include when reporting a randomized clinical trial.

General Instructions for Revised Manuscripts

  • In the top right-hand corner, indicate the manuscript number followed by R1 to denote a first revision.

  • In your written response to the reviewers' comments, give the page number(s), paragraph(s), and line number(s) where each revision was made.

  • Revisions not received within three months will be administratively withdrawn. For further consideration the manuscript must be resubmitted de novo. At the editors' discretion, and in cases where substantial new data are required, extensions may be granted for revisions. In such cases, every effort will be made to retain the original reviewers.

  • Respond to each referee's comments, indicating precisely the changes made in response to the critiques. Also give reasons for suggested changes that were not implemented, and identify additional changes made.

General Instructions for Preparing a Manuscript

  1. Title Page (Page 1, but do not number)
    • Full title of manuscript, in capital letters, limited to 120 characters total.

    • Authors' full names and affiliations

    • A short title (total characters must not exceed 50, including spaces) to be typeset at the top of the journal page

    • Word count of manuscript, including references, figures, legends, word count of abstract, and total number of figures

    • The full name, title, and complete address for corresponding author, including street and post office box as well as telephone and fax numbers, and email address


  2. Abstract
    • Maximum abstract length is 250 words

    • Do not use acronyms or abbreviations

    • Do not use subheadings

    • Do not cite references

    • The abstract should include the rationale for the study, a brief description of methods and presentation of significant results, and a succinct interpretation of the data.

    • Provide five to seven key words for your manuscript, using Index Medicus as a guide


  3. Text
    Abbreviations. Abbreviations should be defined at the first mention in the text.

    Methods section. The methods section should provide sufficient detail for the experiments to be reproduced.

    The following information should be included as an Online Data Supplement:

    • For animals used in experiments, state the species, strain, number used, and other pertinent descriptive characteristics.

    • For human subjects or patients, describe their characteristics.

    • When describing surgical procedures on animals, identify the pre-anesthetic and anesthetic agents used and state the amount or concentration and the route and frequency of administration for each. The use of paralytic agents, such as curare or succinylcholine, is not an acceptable substitute for anesthetics. For other invasive procedures on animals, report the analgesic or tranquilizing drugs used. If none was used, provide justification for such exclusion. Generic names of drugs must be given.

    • Manuscripts that describe studies on humans must indicate that the study was approved by an institutional review committee and that the subjects gave informed consent. Reports of studies on both animals and humans must indicate that the procedures followed were in accordance with institutional guidelines. To save space for the authors and the journal, if methods have been previously published, the author may refer to that paper and submit copies of that paper as reference material.

    Discussion. This section should not be used to restate the results but rather to illuminate and place into perspective the results. Excessive discussion and reiteration of points that are obvious from the results are discouraged.

    "Perspectives". Authors should include a brief (<250) "Perspectives" section at the end of the Discussion Section. The "Perspectives" section should be clearly labeled with a separate heading. The purpose of "Perspectives" is to indicate the broad implications of the study, and to permit reasonable speculation on the overall importance and future directions of the work. Such perspectives should not replace the conclusions drawn from the study and should be limited to one paragraph. This section should, however, replace the "In summary..." paragraph that is often placed at the end of the discussion.

  4. Acknowledgments
    The Acknowledgments section lists substantive contributions of individuals. The Editorial Office must receive written, signed consent from each person recognized in the Acknowledgments to be mentioned in the article, because acknowledgment can imply endorsement of data and conclusions.

  5. Sources of Funding
    Authors must list all sources of support for research in this section.

  6. Conflict(s) of Interest/Disclosure(s) Statement
    Authors must disclose any and all relationships that could be perceived as real or apparent conflict(s) of interest as a FOOTNOTE after the Sources of Funding section. Conflict-of-interest/disclosure will be published as a footnote to the accepted article. This pertains to relationships with pharmaceutical companies, biomedical device manufacturers, or other corporations whose products or services are related to the subject matter of the article. Such relationships include, but are not limited to, employment by an industrial concern, ownership of stock, membership on a standing advisory council or committee, being on the board of directors, or being publicly associated with the company or its products. Other areas of real or perceived conflict of interest related to the subject of the article could include receiving honoraria or consulting fees or receiving grants or funds from such corporations or individuals representing such corporations.

    If no author has anything to disclose, please list "None".

  7. References

  8. Tables
    • Each table must begin on a separate page, double-spaced. The table number must be in Arabic numerals followed by a period and a brief informative title.

    • Use same size type as in text.

    • Supply a brief heading for each column.

    • Indicate footnotes in tables by symbols in this order: *, †, ‡, §, ||, ¶, #, **.

    • Do not use vertical lines in tables. Use horizontal lines above and below the column headings and at the bottom of the table only. Use extra space to delineate sections within the table.

    • Do not duplicate data in figures and tables.

    • Define acronyms and abbreviations in a separate listing.

    (Please note that the word count for tables cannot be calculated by using the word count function in Microsoft Word. The count is based on how much space the table will occupy on a journal page. A table with 3 columns and 10 rows is approximately 100 words.)

  9. Figures and Legends

Online Supplements
This optional section provides an opportunity for authors to present supporting materials to the manuscript. The manuscript appears both in the print version and online, whereas Online Supplements are independent from the manuscript and appear only online. Online Supplements undergo peer review and therefore must be submitted simultaneously with original submissions.

Online Supplements may consist of any of the following, in any combination: the expanded materials and methods; additional figures and supporting information; additional tables and supporting information; and, video files.

The guidelines below should be used for online supplements:

  • Material to be published as an online only supplement should be uploaded online as either a word doc or pdf, if possible. An exception to this would be if the online supplement is a video file.

  • The online supplement should have a title page with the label of ONLINE SUPPLEMENT above the title.

  • The online supplement should be single-spaced.

  • If citations are made in the Online Supplement, the Online Supplement must contain its own independent Reference Section with references numbered sequentially, beginning with reference 1, even if some of these references duplicate those in the print version.

  • Number supplementary figures and tables as S1, S2, etc.

  • Place the supplemental figure legend underneath the corresponding figure.

  • When referring to online-only material in the print version of the manuscript, use the phrase "please see http://hyper.ahajournals.org."

Data Supplements appear only online and will not appear in reprints of the article. The Editorial Office is not responsible for converting files to a suitable format.

The print version of the Table of Contents of Hypertension highlights articles that contain Online Supplements by having "Data Supplement Online" typed in a box underneath the author listing.
Compliance With NIH and Other Research Funding Agency Accessibility Requirements

Several research funding agencies now require or request authors to submit the post-print (the article after peer review and acceptance but not the final published article) to a repository that is accessible online by all without charge. Within medical research, 3 funding agencies in particular have announced such policies:

  • The US National Institutes of Health (NIH) requires authors to deposit post-prints of articles, which have received NIH funding, in its repository PubMed Central (PMC). This deposit should be done within the 12 months after publication of the final article in the journal.

  • The Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) requires, as a condition of research grants, deposit in PMC, but within 6 months after publication of the final article.

  • The Wellcome Trust requires, as a condition of research grants, deposit in UK PMC within 6 months after publication of the final article.

As a service to authors, the Publisher (Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins) of the AHA journals will identify to PMC articles that require depositing. The Copyright Transfer Agreement provides the primary mechanism for identifying such articles. The AHA also requests that, during the submission process in Bench>Press, funding is indicated on the Manuscript Metadata Page (i.e., first screen of submission process).

WKH/LWW will transmit the post-print of an article, which is based on research funded in whole or in part by 1 or more of these 3 agencies, to PMC.

On NIH request, it remains the legal responsibility of the author(s) to confirm with the NIH the provenance of their manuscript for purposes of deposit.

  • Author(s) will not deposit their articles themselves.

  • Author(s) will not alter the post-print already transmitted to NIH.

  • Author(s) will not authorize the display of the post-print prior to:
  1. 12 months after publication of the final article, in the case of NIH,
  2. 6 months after publication of the final article, in the case of HHMI and the Wellcome Trust

For more information about authors’ rights and responsibilities, please visit the Authorship Responsibility and Copyright Transfer Agreement

For more information, please visit PMC

Author Permissions and Rights Questions and Answers

Permissions

  • Requests for permission to reproduce figures, tables, or portions of articles originally published in Hypertension can be obtained via Rightslink (a service of the Copyright Clearance Center), not the Editorial Office. All permission requests are now processed via the Rightslink online system. Steps for obtaining permission include:
    1. On Hypertension's home page, either search for the article using the Search feature or locate a copy of the article in the online archives for which you are requesting permission.
    2. Next, select the Full Text or PDF version of the article.
    3. Then, locate the "Request Permissions" link in the menu on the right side of the Web page (under "Services"). A new Web browser will open, which is Rightslink.
    4. Follow the step-by-step instructions in Rightslink for requesting permission by:
    • selecting the way the content will be used.
    • creating an account, if one does not exist already.
    • accepting the terms and conditions for reuse.
    • determining method of payment.
  • Further information can be found in the Permissions and Rights Instructions.
  • Note: For AHA Scientific Statements and Guidelines, permission to reprint, modify, alter, enhance, copy, or distribute this content must be obtained from the American Heart Association. Instructions are located on American Heart Association Copyright Permission Guidelines page. A link to the "Permission Request Form" appears on the right side of the Web page, in the "Related Items" box.

Costs to Authors
Authors are charged:

  1. $70 per printed page of an article to defray costs of publication (information is sent with author's proof) or $35 per page in the case of copyedited online-only material.

    Authors of papers that are accepted for publication and that exceed the 6,000 word limit will be charged for the overage. Authors will be charged an additional $425 for each additional 1,000 words over 6,000. The usual $70 page charge will also apply. Word count will be calculated by the editorial office and will include references, figures, and tables.

    (NOTE: Word count for tables and figures cannot be calculated by using the word count function in Microsoft Word. The count is based on how much space the figure/table will occupy on a journal page. A single bar graph is approximately 150 words, and table with 3 columns and 10 rows is approximately 100 words.)

  2. Expense for color reproduction of figures is based on the number journal pages with color figures. Each journal page with a color figure(s) costs $653.
    • Example 1 - Article length is 7 journal pages, 7 color figures and each figure is on a separate page - Color Cost= $653 * 7 journal pages = $4571
    • Example 2 - Article length is 7 journal pages, 7 color figures. Figures 1-3 fit on one journal page, figures 4-5 fit on one journal page, and figures 6 and 7 fit on one journal page - Color Cost= $653 * 3 journal pages = $1959

      (NOTE: Factors that influence figure placement: Although the publisher will try and place as many color figures on the same page as possible, figures must still conform to the journal’s specifications. Figures must be sized appropriately for readability and appear in sequential order after their first mention in the article.)

  3. Expense for replacing poor-quality art

  4. Expense for reprints (price lists are sent with the author's proof)

  5. $50 per printed page for excessive author alterations

  6. $100 per page for printing a correction (erratum) resulting from an author's error, after publication of the article

Policies

  1. Embargo Policy

    All content information of an accepted paper is strictly confidential and cannot appear in the media (in print or electronic form) before its embargo date and time. Authors/researchers, their respective public relations representatives and funding sponsors may not distribute or promote their work to the media prior to embargo.

    In the event that the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association selects the manuscript for promotion in a news release, news conference, video news release or podcast, AHA/ASA staff will contact the author/researcher to inform him/her of the pending news materials and to notify him/her that he/she may give reporters pre-embargo interviews based upon the media requests generated by the AHA/ASA news materials. Authors/researchers must ensure that the reporter understands and will adhere to the embargo time.

    If an embargo break is the result of any action by an author/researcher, he/she risks withdrawal of publication of his/her manuscript. Violations of the embargo policy may also jeopardize future acceptance of manuscripts to be published in AHA/ASA scientific journals.

    Generally, embargoes on journal articles lift the day and the time the article is published, either on-line or in print (whichever comes first) by the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association.
    Questions about media embargoes should be directed to Karen Astle, Communications Manager, Corporate & Media Communications, AHA National Center, 7272 Greenville Avenue, Dallas, TX 75231-4596; Tel: 214-706-1392; Email:     karen.astle@heart.org.

    Although the Editorial Office will endeavor to notify authors of the anticipated publication date/time, neither the Editorial Office nor the AHA/ASA will be responsible for any consequences of early online posting with regard to the intellectual property rights. To safeguard their intellectual property, authors should ensure that appropriate reports of invention and patent applications have been filed before the manuscript is accepted.

  2. AHA Scientific Publishing Conflict of Interest Policy

  3. AHA Scientific Publishing Ethical Conduct Policy

Forms

Authorship Responsibility and Copyright Transfer Agreement

Conflict(s) of Interest/Disclosure(s) Questionnaire

Acknowledgment Permission Form

Change of Authorship Form


Artwork Guidelines (PDF)

Journal Subject Heads for Article Collections Feature on Journals Web Site

Key Word List


Editorial Board

Editor-in-Chief
John E. Hall

Associate Editors
Celso E. Gomez-Sanchez
Joey P. Granger
Daniel W. Jones
Friedrich C. Luft
Ernesto L. Schiffrin
Curt D. Sigmund

Consulting Editors
Gerald F. DiBona
Victor J. Dzau
Edward D. Frohlich
Toshiro Fujita
L. Lee Hamm
Norman M. Kaplan
Thomas E. Lohmeier
Allyn L. Mark
Suzanne Oparil

Editorial Office
Gerry McAlpin, Managing Editor
Cindy L. Means, Associate Managing Editor
Paula L. Easterling, Assistant Managing Editor

Editorial Board
Lawrence J. Appel, Baltimore, MD
William J. Arendshorst, Chapel Hill, NC
Abraham Aviv, Newark, NJ
Michael Bader, Berlin, Germany
Kenneth M. Baker, Temple, TX
George L. Bakris, Chicago, IL
Matthias Barton, Zurich, Switzerland
William H. Beierwaltes, Detroit, MI
Kathleen H. Berecek, Birmingham, AL
Bradford C. Berk, Rochester, NY
Kenneth E. Bernstein, Atlanta, GA
Giuseppe Bianchi, Milan, Italy
George W. Booz, Temple, TX
Michael W. Brands, Augusta, GA
Josephine P. Briggs, Bethesda, MD
K. Bridget Brosnihan, Winston-Salem, NC
Nancy J. Brown, Nashville, TN
Hans R. Brunner, Lausanne, Switzerland
Rudi F. Busse, Frankfurt, Germany
David A. Calhoun, Birmingham, AL
William B. Campbell, Milwaukee, WI
Vito M. Campese, Los Angeles, CA
Robert M. Carey, Charlottesville, VA
Pamela K. Carmines, Omaha, NE
Barry L. Carter, Iowa City, IA
Maria Helena C. Carvalho, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Daniel F. Catanzaro, New York, NY
Mark W. Chapleau, Iowa City, IA
Mark E. Cooper, Melbourne, Australia
Richard S. Cooper, Maywood, IL
Pierre L. Corvol, Paris, France
Allen W. Cowley, Jr, Milwaukee, WI
J. Thomas Cunningham, Columbia, MO
William C. Cushman, Memphis, TN
Robin L. Davisson, Iowa City, IA
Kevin P. Davy, Jackson, MS
Alan Y. Deng, Montreal, Canada
Javier Diez, Pamplona, Spain
Donald J. DiPette, East Lansing, MI
Debra L. Diz, Winston-Salem, NC
Anna F. Dominiczak, Glasgow, UK
Peter A. Doris, Houston, TX
Brent M. Egan, Charleston, SC
Bonita Falkner, Philadelphia, PA
Frank M. Faraci, Iowa City, IA
Gregory D. Fink, East Lansing, MI
John M. Flack, Detroit, MI
Jeffrey L. Garvin, Detroit, MI
Haralambos P. Gavras, Boston, MA
Irene M. Gavras, Boston, MA
Gary H. Gibbons, Atlanta, GA
Elise P. Gomez-Sanchez, Jackson, MS
Guido Grassi, Milan, Italy
Kathy K. Griendling, Atlanta, GA
Kenneth W. Gross, Buffalo, NY
Stephen B. Harrap, Melbourne, Australia
David G. Harrison, Atlanta, GA
William G. Haynes, Iowa City, IA
Joseph R. Haywood, East Lansing, MI
Masatsugu Horiuchi, Ehime, Japan
Michael H. Humphreys, San Francisco, CA
Steven C. Hunt, Salt Lake City, UT
John D. Imig, Augusta, GA
Edward W. Inscho, Augusta, GA
Edwin K. Jackson, Pittsburgh, PA
Xavier Jeunemaitre, Paris, France
Richard J. Johnson, Houston, TX
Jens Jordan, Berlin, Germany
Pedro A. Jose, Washington, DC
Raouf A. Khalil, Boston, MA
Mark A. Knepper, Bethesda, MD
Hans Knoblauch, Berlin, Germany
Theodore A. Kotchen, Milwaukee, WI
 Lawrence R. Krakoff, Englewood, NJ
Jose Eduardo Krieger, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Armin Kurtz, Regensburg, Germany
Theodore W. Kurtz, San Francisco, CA
Daniel T. Lackland, Charleston, SC
Margot C. LaPointe, Detroit, MI
Ronald E. Law, Los Angeles, CA
Daniel Levy, Framingham, MA
Pamela Lucchesi, Birmingham, AL
Giuseppe Mancia, Milan, Italy
R. Davis Manning, Jr., Jackson, MS
David L. Mattson, Milwaukee, WI
Jay L. Mehta, Little Rock, AR
Eero Mervaala, Helsinki, Finland
Brian J. Morris, Sydney, Australia
Mariana Morris, Dayton, OH
John J. Mullins, Edinburgh, UK
Michael J. Mulvany, Aarhus, Denmark
T.J. Murphy, Atlanta, GA
Alberto Nasjletti, Valhalla, NY
L. Gabriel Navar, New Orleans, LA
Georg Nickenig, Hamburg, Germany
Toshio Ogihara, Osaka, Japan
Michael F. O'Rourke, Sydney, Australia
J. Michael Overton, Tallahassee, FL
Thomas L. Pallone, Baltimore, MD
Bertram Pitt, Ann Arbor, MI
David M. Pollock, Augusta, GA
Neil R. Powe, Baltimore, MD
J. Howard Pratt, Indianapolis, IN
Richard C. Pratt, Boston, MA
Russell L. Prewitt, Norfolk, VA
Morton P. Printz, LaJolla, CA
Leopoldo Raij, Miami, FL
Mohan K. Raizada, Gainesville, FL
Richard N. Re, New Orleans, LA
Jane F. Reckelhoff, Jackson, MS
Timothy L. Reudelhuber, Montreal, Canada
Eberhard Ritz, Heidelberg, Germany
James M. Roberts, Pittsburgh, PA
Richard J. Roman, Milwaukee, WI
J. Carlos Romero, Rochester, MN
Luis M. Ruilope, Madrid, Spain
Michel Safar, Paris, France
Paul W. Sanders, Birmingham, AL
Robson A. S. Santos, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
Gary L. Schwartz, Rochester, MN
Jeanne L. Seagard, Milwaukee, WI
Christopher T. Sempos, Buffalo, NY
Arya M. Sharma, Berlin, Germany
Sheldon G. Sheps, Rochester, MN
Winfried Siffert, Essen, Germany
James R. Sowers, Brooklyn, NY
Jan A. Staessen, Mechelen, Belgium
David E. Stec, Jackson, MS
Alan F. Sved, Pittsburgh, PA
Stefano Taddei, Pisa, Italy
William T. Talman, Iowa City, IA
Rhian M. Touyz, Montreal, Canada
Thomas Unger, Berlin, Germany
Stephanie W. Watts, East Lansing, MI
Donna H. Wang, East Lansing, MI
R. Clinton Webb, Augusta, GA
Myron H. Weinberger, Indianapolis, IN
Matthew R. Weir, Baltimore, MD
William J. Welch, Washington, DC
Christopher S. Wilcox, Washington, DC
Marion R. Wofford, Jackson, MS
Gunter Wolf, Hamburg, Germany
J. Michael Wyss, Birmingham, AL
Yoram Yagil, Ashkelon, Israel
Ai-Ping Zou, Milwaukee, WI
Irving H. Zucker, Omaha, NE
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