1. Article submissions should be in MS Word format. All submissions and editorial correspondence should be sent by soft copy to the Editors, Bioscope at bioscope2009@gmail.com
2. Each journal paper should be accompanied by the affiliations, postal and e-mail address of the contributor(s).
3. Keywords and an abstract of around 200 words must be provided at the time of submission of articles.
4. The use of American spellings should be consistent throughout the article. Use "z" spellings instead of "s" spellings.
5. Double quotes should be used throughout. Single quotes should only be used within double quotes. Spellings of words in quotations should not be changed. Quotations of 45 words or more should be separated from the text and indented with one line space above and below.
6. Each endnote used in the article should contain more than a mere reference.
7. The style for writing numerical expressions should be made consistent throughout the manuscript. For example, the style of referring to centuries (nineteenth century), decades (1960s), numerical ranges (1965-1969 or 234-256) and spelling out numbers from one to nine and using numerals for 10 and above.
8. All Figures and Tables should be cited in the text. Source citations with tables and figures are required irrespective of whether or not they require permissions.
9. All photographs and scanned images should have a resolution of minimum 300 dpi/1500 pixels and their format should be TIFF or JPEG. Due permissions should be taken for copyright protected photographs / images. Even for photographs / images available in the public domain, it should be clearly ascertained whether or not their reproduction requires permission for purposes of publishing (which is a profit-making endeavor). All photographs / scanned images should be provided separately in a folder along with the main article.
10. Citations: The reference to other works should be provided in the text using citations written in the author-date method e.g., (Jones, 1998).
11. Citation styles:
One Work by One Author: (Walker, 2000)
One Work by Multiple Authors: (Walker and Wasserstein, 2000)
One Work by Three or More Authors: The surnames of all the authors have to be cited in the first instance. Thenceforth, only the surname of the first author should be cited, followed by et al. For example: First instance: (Wasserstein, Zappulla, Rosen, Gerstman, and Rock, 1994). After that: (Wasserstein et al., 1994)
One Work by Six or More Authors: Only the surname of the first author followed by et al. is to be cited even in the first citation.
Works with No Author: Cite the fist few words of the reference list entry (usually the title) and the year, for example, ("Study Finds", 1982).Two or More Works by Different authors in One Citation: (Balda, 1980; Kamil, 1988; Pepperberg & Funk, 1990)
Two or More Works by the Same Author(s) in One Citation: ( Edeline & Weinberger, 1991, 1993)
Two or More Works Published in the Same Year by the Same Author(s): (Johnson, 1991a, 1991b, 1991c)
Authors With the Same Last Name: To prevent confusion, use first initials with the last names: (E. Johnson, 2001; L. Johnson, 1998).
Work discussed in secondary source: In the text, name the original work, and give a citation for the secondary source. For example, if Seidenberg and McClelland's work is cited in Coltheart et al. and you did not read the original work, list the Coltheart et al. reference in the References. In the text, use the following citation: In Seidenberg and McClelland's study (as cited in Coltheart, Curtis, Atkins, & Haller, 1993)....
Films: (Name of the Director, Year of release)
12. References: A consolidated listing of all books, articles, essays, theses, and documents referred to (including any referred to in the tables, graphs, and maps) should be provided at the end of the article.
Inverted names: In each reference, authors' names are inverted (last name first) for all authors(first, second, or subsequent ones); give the last name and initials for all authors of a particular work unless the work has more than six authors. If the work has more than six authors, list the first sixauthors and then use et al. after the sixth author's name.
Arrangement of references: Reference list entries should be alphabetized by the last name of the first author of each work.
Chronological listing: If you have more than one work by the same author(s), list them in order by the year of publication, starting with the earliest.
Sentence case: In references, follow sentence case for the titles of papers, books, articles, etc.
Title case: In references, Journal titles are put in title case.
13. Reference styles:
Book
Calfee, R. C., & Valencia, R. R. (1991). APAguide to preparing manuscripts for journal publication. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Article in an edited book
O'Neil, J. M., & Egan, J. (1992). Men's and women's gender role journeys: Metaphor for healing, transition, and transformation. In B. R. Wainrib (Ed.), Gender issues across the life cycle (pp. 107-123). New York: Springer.
Conference Proceedings
Schnase, J. L., & Cunnius, E. L. (Eds). (1995). Proceedings from CSCL '95: The First International Conference on Computer Support for Collaborative Learning. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
Article from the web
Bernstein, M. (2002). 10 tips on writing the living Web. A List Apart: For People Who Make Websites, 149. Retrieved from http:/www.alistapart.com/articles/writeliving
Journal Article
Scruton, R. (1996). The eclipse of listening. The New Criterion, 15(30), 5-13.
Newspaper Article
Schultz, S. (2005, December 28). Calls made to strengthen state energy policies. The Country Today, pp. 1A, 2A.
Films
Zhang, Y. (Director). (2000). Not one less [Motion picture]. China: (Country), Mandarin (Language)
字顺( Alphabetical List of Journals):
